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1、Unit 4 Language PointsI.Grammar scanII.ExerciseI.Grammar scanThe United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，Englandmany people are confused by what these different names mean.So what is the difference between them,if any？Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzleChe
2、ck the meaning of words in green.what引导的从句作介词by的宾语，what在从句中作mean的宾语。Getting to know是动名词短语作主语。Paragraph 1In the 16th century，the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Later，in the 18th century，the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th ce
3、ntury，the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Most people just use
4、 the shortened name:“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.People from the UK are called“British”，which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.Check the meaning of words in green.which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。其中we have today是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰 the full name。which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰
5、主句。Paragraph 2The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.However,they also have some differences.For example，England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all ha
6、ve different education systems and legal systems.They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!Check the meaning of words in green.关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the four countries，that在从句中作主语。过
7、去分词短语known as the Union Jack作后置定语，修饰the same flag。Paragraph 3The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore,which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of
8、 people who took over at different times throughout history.The first group,the Romans,came in the first century.Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.Check the meaning of words in green.不定式 to explore 作定语，修饰 history。which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰history，which在从句中作主语。everywhere you
9、 go in the UK是状语从句，everywhere“处处，到处”，引导状语从句。who引导的定语从句，修饰four different groups of people，who在从句中作主语。the Romans 作 the first group 的同位语。Paragraph 4Next，the AngloSaxons arrived in the fifth century.They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built houses.The Viking
10、s came in the eighth century，left behind lots of new vocabulary，and also the names of many locations across the UK.The last group were the Normans.They conquered England after the wellknown Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.They had castles built all around England and made changes to the legal
11、 system.The Normans were French，so many French words slowly entered into the English language.Check the meaning of words in green.the way people built houses是省略了关系代词that或in which的定语从句，修饰the way，that或in which在从句中作方式状语。had castles built all around England 是 have sth done 结构，表示“让某事被做”。Paragraph 4There
12、is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom.Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.The capital city London is a great place to start,as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman ti
13、mes.There are countless historic sites to explore，and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture,with both new and old traditions.If you keep your eyes open,you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its pr
14、esent.Check the meaning of words in green.There is so much more to learn是“There be主语to do”结构，不定式表示动作尚未发生。此句中动名词短语作主语；make宾语宾语补足语(形容词)。此句中as引导原因状语从句；that引导的定语从句修饰an ancient port city；现在分词短语作后置定语修饰a history。Paragraph 5III.Exercises课文语法填空The United Kingdom or the UK 1._(make)up of four countries.They a
15、re England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.It has 2._interesting and long history.Everywhere you go in the country，you will be surrounded 3._ evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.The Romans,4._ achievements included building towns and ro
16、ads,came first in the first century.Then in the fifth century arrived AngloSaxons who introduced the beginnings of English language and changed the way people built houses.The Vikings came in the eighth century.They left behind lots of new vocabulary and also the names of many 5._(location)across th
17、e UK.The last group,the Normans,6._(conquer)England in the 11th century.They had castles 7._(build)all around there.The Normans were in fact French，so many French words 8._(slow)entered into the English language.The UK is a 9._(fascinate)mix of history and modern culture.If you keep eyes open，you wi
18、ll be surprised 10._(find)that you can see both its past and present.is madewhoseanbylocationsslowlybuiltconqueredfascinatingto findas well as belong to add to join to break away keep your eyes openA:I can never remember what the UK means!Theres England,Britain,_ Great Britain!B:Well,it helps if you
19、 remember that there are four countries that _ the UK.Thats why its called the United Kingdom.A:Four countries?I must have been asleep in that part of our history class!So the first country was England,and the others were _that?B:Yes,right.First England,then Wales,then Scotland.The last country was
20、Ireland,but later the southern half didnt want to be _the United Kingdom.A:Oh,I remember now!The southern part _ from Northern Ireland,right?B:Yes,you got it well remembered!But _in history class next time!as well asbelong toadded tojoined tobroke awaykeep your eyes openIII.After class:III.After class:Finish task II and V on Workbook Finish task II and V on Workbook