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1、讲师：刘畅微博：刘畅的南瓜地英语二：翻译2020年真题2020年：难度0.620，均分9.3。本文节选自职场建议类网站 MindTools 上一篇名为 OvercomingFear of Failure:Facing Your Fear of Moving Forward 一文。真题裁剪该文“The Definition ofFailure”这一节中部分段落，意在呼吁大家正向看待失败、清楚掌握失败的积极意义。文章略有删减，总词数151词，共3段，10句话。题目难度适中，题材常规，符合英语二翻译历年的考题规律。相似题材的文章曾经考过，如2010年“承受力”这篇文章。文章话题较为生活化，句子结构也
2、比较简单，但一如既往，有些词汇使用的并非其常见含义，翻译时需根据上下文注意词语的词义选择。Its almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure.But,thewonderful thing about failure is that its entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world.”Or,we can look at failu
3、re as theincredible learning experience that it often is.Every time we fail at something,we can choose tolook for the lesson were meant to learn.These lessons are very important;theyre how wegrow,and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can als
4、o teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.Failing at somethingcan help you discover your truest friends,or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.Its almost impossible to go through life
5、 without experiencing some kind of failure.go through：to experience or suffer sth 经历；遭受注意双否；almost不能漏译；some的含义确定技法：形式主语无主句；泛指人称；还原成原句再翻But,the wonderful thing about failure is that its entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.主系表从，表从中“形式主语+系表结构+不定式真正主语”be up to sb：to be sbs duty or responsibili
6、ty;to be for sb to decide 是的职责（或责任）；由决定wonderful 精彩的，绝妙的？奇妙的，令人惊奇的后置修饰提前，entirely表强调Its almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure.人的一生几乎不可能不经受某些失败。But,the wonderful thing about failure is that its entirely up to us to decide how tolook at it.但是，失败的奇妙之处在于，它完全取决于我们
7、如何看待它。技巧复习：形式主语的翻译形式主语 it 的作用只是满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻，并无实际语义，因此在翻译时不需译出。（1）句子的真正主语是不定式时，有三种处理技巧：按语序顺译成无主语的句子：In dealing with a challenge on such a scale,it is no exaggerationto say.在应付如此规模的挑战时，可以毫不夸张地说（05年翻译50题）顺译之后，再根据不定式中的动作，补充出动作施动者，作为汉语句子的主语：It is easy toignore the effect of our acts upon their dispo
8、sition.我们很容易忽略自己的行为对他们的性情产生的影响。调整语序，将实际主语恢复到主语位置进行翻译：It was pretty hard to bring up the child on hisown.独自一人养大孩子十分不易。（2）it为形式主语的主语从句的翻译主从较短，提前与主句合并为“是”字结构：It is certain that she will succeed.她会成功是确定的。主从较长，一般先译从句，将其译为并列句或独立的句子，并在主句之前加“这”：It seemed unbelievable that the pilot could have survived the c
9、rash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。it 做形式主语而主句的谓语是被动语态的句子，一般转译为主动语态，可译为“据、有人、大家、我们”等，主语从句保留原文语序：It is estimated that a round-trip to Mars would take more than a year.据估计/我们估计，从火星往返一趟的时间要超过一年。It is asserted that 有人主张It is believed that 有人认为It is generally considered that 大家（一般人）认为It is well known that
10、大家知道（众所周知）It will be said that 有人会说It was told that 有人曾经说We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world.”符合汉语表达搭配Or,we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.主谓宾宾补+定从that is often is 前置后置需斟酌（failure often is an incredible learning experience），此句在于补充说明失败的一个特性
11、Every time we fail at something,we can choose to look for the lesson were meant to learn.lesson的固定考法：an experience,especially an unpleasant one,that sb can learn from so that it doesnot happen again in the future 经验；教训mean sb to be sth：often passive to intend sb to be or do sth 想要某人成为；想要某人去做短定从前置The
12、se lessons are very important;theyre how we grow,and how we keep frommaking that same mistake again.分号后是解释说明；中文引申：they are how+how we keep fromFailures stop us only if we let them.句序调整：主谓宾+条件状语从句（主谓宾，省略宾补）英语省略，汉语补充：only if we let them(stop us)We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world.”我们可
13、以把失败看作“世界末日”。Or,we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.我们也可以将它视为极好的学习经历，它常常就是如此。Every time we fail at something,we can choose to look for the lesson were meant tolearn.每一次失败时，我们都可以从中找寻应该吸取的教训。These lessons are very important;theyre how we grow,and how we keep f
14、rom makingthat same mistake again.这些教训非常重要；它们使我们成长，也使我们不再犯同样的错误。Failures stop us only if we let them.只有我们任由失败阻止我们，我们才会被它阻止。Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.主谓间宾直宾+定从（虚拟语气）about ourselves+that 双定语，若都前移，太长；难点在于otherwise与虚拟的搭配：otherwise在此处含义为“在
15、相反的情况下”，与前文真实情况相反的一种假设（没有失败），还原即为“We would never have learned things about ourselves if it were notfor failure”，所以，这句本质上是个条件状语，所以前移翻译。For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.strong词义确定（强壮的？强烈的？坚强的？）Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends,or help
16、you find unexpectedmotivation to succeed.顺译Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learnedotherwise.失败也能教给我们一些有关我们自己的事情，没有失败，这些事情我们永远不会了解。For instance,failure can help you discover how strong a person you are.比如，失败可以帮你发现你有多么坚强。Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends,or help you find unexpectedmotivation to succeed.失败可以帮你发现最真诚的朋友，或者帮你找到意想不到的成功动力。Thanks for Listening!主讲老师：新东方在线 刘畅微博：刘畅的南瓜地