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1、动词不定式详解 动词不定式作宾语且过长时常请 it 作形式宾语,而让真 正的宾语 不定式断后。例如:The man downstairs found it hard to fall asleep.许多动词如 teach,ask,tell,beg 等后常有带 to 的动 词不定式作宾补;但 let,have,make,feel,hear 等后作 宾补的不定式结构,to 要回避。但在被动语态里 to 须“重出 江湖”;help 后作宾补的不定式可加 to,也可省略 to.例如:The policeman made the young woman move her car.The young wom
2、an was made to move her car by the policeman.提示 对不定式进行否定可在其前加 not.如:let sb not do sth;tell sb not to do sth.把直接引语为祈使句的句子变为 间接引语,直接引语一般转换成不定式作宾补。例如:The policeman said.“Dont play football in the street,children!”The policeman asked the children not to play football in the street.不定式常跟在 come,go,run,hur
3、ry 等动词后作目 的状语;或以“in order to+动词原形”、“so as to+动词原形”等形式出现,或回答 what.for?/why.?问句。例如:-Hi,Peter!Why are you in such a hurry?-To catch the 7:30 train.提示 有时目的状语可置于句首,意为“为了”,相 当于 in order to.例如:To catch the bus,you must get up early.在 stop 后的动词不定式其实是作目的状语,意为“停下 来做另一件事”。例如:Let s stop to have a meal.I know a
4、good restaurant near here.作结果状语的不定式常以“enough to.,only to.,too.to.等形式出场”,并能简化成 so.that.句式。例如:Liu Mei was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope.Liu Mei was lucky enough to receive many books from Project Hope.作定语时,不定式常置于被修饰的名词、不定代词等之 带的动词不定式作宾补但等后作宾补的不定式结构要回避但在被动语态里须重出江湖后作宾补的不定式可加也可省
5、略例如提示对不定式进行否定可在其前加如把直接引语为祈使句的句子变为间接引语直接引语一般转换成不定式作宾置于句首意为为了相当于例如在后的动词不定式其实是作目的状语意为停下来做另一件事例如作结果状语的不定式常以等形式出场并能简化成句式例如作定语时不定式常置于被修饰的名词不定代词等之后例如提示如果不定式是不及问副词等并常简化相应的从句但当主句与从句的主语不一致时不定式常用被动形式例如后。例如:Now China is the third country to send its astronauts into space after Russia and the US.提示 如果不定式是不及物动词,其
6、后应有必要的介词/副词。例如:I found a nice place for him to live in.be to do sth 表将来,意为“将要做某事”。例如:Our train is to leave at eight.“疑问词+不定式”结构中的疑问词包括疑问代词 which,who,what 和疑问副词 how,when,where 等,并常简 化相应的从句,但当主句与从句的主语不一致时,不定式常 用被动形式。例如:The little girl wanted to know when her father could take her to Pairs.The little girl wanted to know when to be taken to Pairs by her father.带的动词不定式作宾补但等后作宾补的不定式结构要回避但在被动语态里须重出江湖后作宾补的不定式可加也可省略例如提示对不定式进行否定可在其前加如把直接引语为祈使句的句子变为间接引语直接引语一般转换成不定式作宾置于句首意为为了相当于例如在后的动词不定式其实是作目的状语意为停下来做另一件事例如作结果状语的不定式常以等形式出场并能简化成句式例如作定语时不定式常置于被修饰的名词不定代词等之后例如提示如果不定式是不及问副词等并常简化相应的从句但当主句与从句的主语不一致时不定式常用被动形式例如