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1、 戴氏教育本课指津：不定式和动词像一对兄弟一样亲密，本不该拆开来讲，可是篇幅有限，只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单，告诉我是什么？对！是 to+动词原形。当然啦，to 有时也可以不带。非谓语动词之 动词不定式 课 标 解 读 1、理解动词不定式的概念 2、掌握动词不定式的基本构成 3、掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能 知 识 梳 理 一、概念 动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。它被叫做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局限。不定式属于非谓语动词。二、构成 基本构成为：to+动词原形 否定形式：not+（to+）动词原形 注：不定式有时可以不用
2、to，这里的 to 是不定式符号，本身无词义。三、句法功能 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English.讲英语对我们来说不容易。作主语用的不定式，常常用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。表语 My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。宾语 What sports does he
3、 like to play?他喜欢做什么运动？He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。宾补 My mother made me play the piano all the time.我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。在 make，let，see，hear，watch 等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略 to。定语 Have you got anything to say?你有要说的吗？不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。状语 Im sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。I went to the li
4、brary to study English.（表目的）不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。考 点 聚 焦 考点一：不定式作 主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。其结构为：It+be+adj.（+for/of sb.）+动词不定式 如：To learn English well is useful.It is useful to learn English well.Its important for us to protect the environment.注意：在 kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用 fo
5、r 而用 of。如：Its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。Its very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。【典型例题】成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打
6、扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语1.Its our duty _ the room every day.A.to clean B.cleaned C.clean D.cleans 2.Its hard for us _ English well.A.learn B.learns C.to learn D.learning 3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers
7、 over a year _ _ the flyover.4.Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A.for，of B.of，for C.to，for D.of，to 考点二：不定式作 宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like,like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect 等。如：Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看电影吗？在 find,think 后跟不定式作宾
8、语时，常用 it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如：I find it easy to read English every day.常见的一些不带 to 的动词不定式 Why not do.,Why dont you do.,had better（not）do.,would rather do,could/would/will you please（not）do.I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。【典型例题】1.He wants _ some vegetables.A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.buys 成非常简单告诉我是
9、什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语2.Dont
10、 forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A.to bring B.bringing C.to take D.taking 3.He found it very difficult _.A.sleeping B.sleeps C.slept D.to fall asleep 考点三：不定式作 宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他关小收音机。tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,enc
11、ourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：My mother encourages me to learn English.我妈妈鼓励我学英语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略 to。这些动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear,listen to）、三让（let,make,have）、四看（look at,see,watch,notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上 to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。【典型例题】1.Robert oft
12、en asks us _ his Chinese,so his Chinese is much better than before.A.help him B.to help him with C.to help with D.helps him with 2.Mr.Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A.cook B.cooks C.to cook D.cooked 3.We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标
13、解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语 A.to enter B.enter C.entering D
14、.entered 4.So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A.to feel B.feels C.feeling D.feel 5.I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A.do B.doing C.to do D.did 考点四：不定式作 定语 不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。【例题 1】Would you l
15、ike something _?A.drink B.drinking C.to drink D.drinks【例题 2】I have a lot of homework _.A.do B.doing C.did D.to do【例题 3】He is not an easy man _.A.get on B.to get on C.get on with D.to get on with 考点五：不定式作 状语 目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。如：In order to catch the early bus,she got up very early.A group of yo
16、ung people got together to discuss this question.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介
17、词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语She came to this city to visit her daughter.原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do.”结构句中。如：I feel very lucky to have him.he ran out of money to buy old bikes.结果状语，多见于“too.to”，“enough to.”结构句中。如：I m too tired to do it well.The room is big enough for three peopl
18、e to live in.1.She went _ her teacher.A.to see B.looks C.saw D.seeing 2.Meimei likes English very much.She does her best _ English well.A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.learns 3.Im sorry _ that.A.hears B.hearing C.hear D.to hear 4.Im sorry _ you.A.trouble B.to trouble C.troubling D.troubled 5.My moth
19、er was very glad _ her old friend.A.to meet B.meet C.met D.meets 6.The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.(同意转换)The hole _ _ _ _ such a fat panda to go through.7.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it.(同意转换)成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握
20、动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语 The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _.
21、考点六：不定式常和疑问词 what,which,when,where,how 等连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉学生们做什么。He didnt know where to go.他不知道去哪里。【例题 1】Therere so many kinds of new bikes on sale that I cant make up my mind _ to buy.A.what B.which C.how D.where 【例题 2】He can t decide _ to stay or no
22、t.A.whether B.if C.either D.if he will （）1.My mother often tells me _so many mistakes.A.not to make B.to not make C.dont make D.not make （）2.The doctor asked the patient _rich food after the operation(手术).A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating （）3 The workers want us _ together with the
23、m.A.work B.working C.to work D.worked （）4.I saw him _ out of the room.A.go B.went C.is going D.goes （）5.He often makes his little sister _,A.cry B.crying C.cried D.to cry（）6.-The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.turned it off （）7.We agr
24、eed _ here.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作
25、状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语 A.met B.meeting C.to meet D.meet （）8.Frank is the kind of person who people like to _.A.make friend with B.make friends of C.make friends D.make friends with（）9.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock A.rested B.resting C.to rest D.rest （）10.I need a day or two _.A
26、.to think it over B.to think over C.of thinking （）11.He was too excited _.A.speak B.to speak C.not to speak D.speaking （）12.Im hungry.Get me something _.A.eat B.to eat C.eating D.for eating （）13.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and g
27、o D.try going （）14.They wont let his mother _him in that way.A.to treat B.treated C.treat D.treats（）15.Im sorry I forgot _your dictionary.Lets borrow one from Li Ming.A.to take B.taking C.to bring D.bringing （）16.She couldnt decide which restaurant _.A.to have lunch B.to eat C.to eat at D.eating at
28、（）17.The chair looks very old,I want a new one _.A.sit B.to sit on C.sat D.sit on （）18.Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow?A.this B.that C.it D.which 【课后练习】根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。1.He was so angry that he couldnt say anything.He was too angry _ _ anything.2.I dont know when we will have t
29、he meeting.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作
30、状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语I dont know when _ _ the meeting.3.He said he would write a letter.He said he would have a letter _ _.4.That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.5.He was so strong that he could lift the stone.（石头）He was strong _ _ _ t
31、he stone.6.His father went to Beijing for his holiday.His father went to Beijing _ _ his holiday.7.They got up early so that they could get there in time.They got up early _ _ _ _ there in time.8.His brother decided that he would buy the book.His brother decided _ _ the book.9.He hopes that he can v
32、isit the Great Wall.He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.10.I saw him go into the room.He was seen _ _ into the room.11.We made him work five hours a day.He was made _ _ five hours a day.12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?13.We dont know what we shall do next.We
33、 dont know what _ _ next.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语
34、要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news.Im very sorry _ _ the bad news.15.He stopped and had a look at me.He stopped _ _ a look at me.16.I helped him with his English.I helped him _ _ English.17.My father promised（许诺）that he would buy me a bike.My father promised _ _ me
35、a bike.18.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box is too heavy _ me _ _.19.“Lie down!”the boy said to his dog.The boy ordered his dog _ _ down.20.“Dont make any noise,”she said to me.She told me _ _ _ any noise.成非常简单告诉我是什么对是动词原形当然啦有时也可以不带非谓语动词之课标解读动词不定式理解动词不定式的概念掌握动词不定式的基本构成掌握动词不定式在句子中的功能知识梳理一概念动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变谓语动词二构成基本构成为动词原形否定形式动词原形注不定式有时可以不用这里的是不定式符号本身无词义三句法功能功能主语表语宾语宾补定语状语例句说明讲英语对我们来说不容易我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子他喜欢做什常用作形式主语而把不定式放在后面多数情况下不定式作表语可转换作为主语只能做某些动词的宾语一般不作介词的宾语在等使役感官动词后不定式省略不定式作定语要放在所修饰词的后面不定式作状语其逻辑主语要和句子的主语