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1、2018年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国卷)英语答案第一部分 听力1C2A3B4A5C6B7B8A9C10C11A12B13A14B15C16A17B18C19C20A第三部分阅读理解 21D22B23D24C25B26B27A28B29C30D31D32A33C34A35C 36B37D38A39F40E第三部分语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空4145 DABCD 4650 AACDB 5155 ABACC 5660 DDBCB第二节61who 62the 63loudest 64looking 65challenged66scientist 67for 68them 69meant 70to
2、 stay第二部分 阅读理解第一节A21D【解析】根据Visitor Information部分的“How to Get to Holker”，“Manchester 1 hour 30 minutes”可知，从曼彻斯特到霍克庄园需要1小时30分钟，即90分钟。22B【解析】根据“Admission Charges”可知，参观霍克庄园时，购买团体票(Croups)的价格为9.00，即每人9英镑。23D【解析】根据Special Events部分的“Winter Market”，“enjoying a live music show”可知，Winter Market为正确答案。B24C【解析】根
3、据第一段中的“New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million”可推知，由于纽约市地处哈德逊河入海口，其优越的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。C选项“Its geographical position”正确。A选项“它的贸易文化”，B选项“它的少量人口”，D选项“它的有利气候”在文中均无信息支撑。25B【解析】根据第二段中的“Of th
4、e first 20，000 people who dug for gold，4，000 got rich”可知，在最先的两万淘金者中，有4 000人变得富有了，换言之，即有五分之一的人(One out of five people)变得富有了，故答案为B。A项属无中生有，文中并未提及最先到达道森的20，000人中有三分之二的人留在了那里；C项说几乎大家都放弃了，这与下文描述的五分之一的人变得富有矛盾；文中第二段提到在前往道森的途中，雪崩造成了63人死亡，并非是10，000人死亡，故D项错误。26B【解析】根据第三段中的“But soon.and when they heard there w
5、ere new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come”可知，当道森的黄金都被发掘后，人们听说在阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿，他们便很快离开道森了。由此可推知，他们是想去阿拉斯加碰碰运气。A项属偷换概念，文中说的是“The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down.”（这个城市到处都是感到失望且无心定居下来的人们）。C项属无中生有，文中并未说他们不能忍受这里的冬季。D项属曲解文意
6、，文章提到“Necessities like food and wood were very expensive”（诸如食品和木材这样的生活必需品非常昂贵），并非是说他们缺少食品。27A【解析】本文主要以道森为例，讲述了城市的兴衰，故A项正确。B项“加拿大淘金热”，以偏概全；C项“荒野之旅”，曲解文意；D项“道森的旅游业”，不符合文意。C28B【解析】根据第二段中的“Wang Shu，a 49yearold Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize - which is often referred to as th
7、e Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28”可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖，即他的作品赢得了国际的认同和肯定，故选B。A项曲解文意。王澍获奖并不意味着中国的建筑设计师正紧跟世界最新潮流；C项和D项均属无中生有，与文中信息不符。29C【解析】根据第四段中的“The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities”和“The curves（曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the
8、rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑风格与中国其他大学的校园建筑有很大差异，建筑曲线与山峦起伏完美融合，形成了一道独特的风景。故选C。A项“Its hilly environment”（丘陵环境）曲解文意；B项和D项属无中生有。30D【解析】根据第五段中的“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modem and traditional Chinese elements(元素)”可知，王澍的作品之所以引起了广泛的关注，
9、是因为他在作品中将中国建筑的传统和现代元素进行了有机融合，构成了传统与现代的和谐，故选D。A项曲解文意，是传统与现代元素的融合而非不同形状的混合，B项指中西建筑文化的平衡，C项为时尚技术的运用，均不符合文意。31D【解析】根据最后一段可知，中国的传统应该与实践紧密联系，否则它的再创造就会是不自然的、无意义的。故选D。A项“Spread them to the world”，属无中生有；B项将其保存在博物馆，属颠倒是非；文章以大学校园为例说明建筑艺术的规划，而非在大学里教授传统建筑艺术，故C项错误。D译文：当我们承诺卖玩具所得费用将存入她的上学基金时，女儿就挑选了一些平时不经常玩的较大玩具卖了（
10、我们上学前班的女儿对以后当医生的想法可是认真的）。32A【解析】根据第一段内容可知，成年人明白到处堆满物品是什么感觉，但当提及孩子和他们的物品时，为什么我们总是认为越多越好呢？故选A项。B项“Enough is enough”意为：够了，行了，适可而止。C项“More money，more worries”意为：钱多烦恼多。D项“Earn more and spend more”意为：挣得多花得多。33C【解析】根据第二段中的“She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to
11、 put the money into her school fund（基金）”可知，当我们承诺卖玩具所得费用将存入她的上学基金时，女儿就挑选了一些平时不经常玩的较大玩具卖了。第二段第一句话“I found the preholidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked”说的是节前是一个鼓励孩子捐赠物品的好时机，而非攒钱度假，故排除A项；Georgia是为自己的学习基金而不是为一个贫穷的女孩攒钱，故排除B项；D项曲解文意，第二段中的“Georgia did dec
12、ide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness”说的是小女孩的妈妈由于患病不能给她支付假期所需的费用。34A【解析】根据第三段中的“Yesterday，I sat with my son，Shepherd，determined to test my own theory on this”可知作者与儿子进行球类游戏的目的是验证自己的想法，故选A。35C【解析】全文围绕“Live More with Less”提出论点，逐
13、层展开论述，最后得出论点的正确性。A项“Take It or Leave It”（要么接受，要么放弃），文章并未讨论两种非此即彼的选择，故错误。B项“A Lesson from Kids”（从孩子那里获得的教训）属过度概括。D项“The Pleasure of Giving”（给予的乐趣），属曲解文意，语篇的重点并非是给予。第二节36B待填处为本段主题句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要描述了在美国，舞蹈无处不在，故选B。37D本句起到承上启下的作用。根据设空前一句“Teaching dance is wonderful”可知，下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后一句“Its great to wa
14、tch them”中的“them”可知，待填句中应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故选D。38A本段主要讲了跳舞之后人们心情会变好，由此可知，待填处提出问题，与下文构成因果关系。故选A。39F此处表示跳过舞后人们心情的积极变化，再根据设空前的“one young couple”可知，待填处的代词应为复数，故选F。40E根据设空前的“I want to get better and better”及设空后的“I find it hard to stop”可知，待填处应表明Andrea Hillier对舞蹈的热爱，故选E。第三部分 语言知识运用第一节41D 根据上文中的“When most of us
15、get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person”“sorry”可知，此处表示“错误的号码”，所填词的词义与“unknown”是同一范畴，故选wrong“错误的”。42A根据上文中的“get a text message”可知，此处所填词的词义与“get”相同，故选received，意为“收到”。translate“翻译”；copy“复印，抄写，模仿，作弊”；print“印刷，刊载”。43B根据句中的“But”及下文内容可知，Dennis所做的事有别于常人，故选special“不寻常的”。reasonable“合理的，公道的
16、”；necessary“必要的”；practical“实际的，切实可行的，有用的，明智的”。44C根据语境可知，手机短信告诉(informing)他一对夫妇正在医院等待孩子的到来。convince“使确信，说服”；remind“提醒，使想起”；warn“警告”。45D根据第46空后的“The baby was born and.”可知，此处填入的词在语义上应与“born”一致，故选arrival。wake-up“唤醒”；recovery“痊愈，复苏”；growth“生长，增加”。46A 根据“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken”可
17、知此处是Dennis回复的短信内容，故选responded“回复”。interrupt“插嘴，打扰，使中断，阻断”；predict“预言，预报”；repeat“重复”。47A根据语境可知，Dennis又收到了更新的短信(update texts)，此处表示短信又“进入”了手机，故选coming in。set out“启程，开始工作”；pass down“流传，使世代相传”；move around“四处走动”。48C 根据上文中的“The baby was born and. the overjoyed grandmother，Teresa”可知，此处填入的词应与“overjoyed（欣喜若狂的
18、）”在语义范畴上一致，故选excitement。49D 根据语境可知，此处表示Teresa似乎没意识到她正在和一个陌生人分享(sharing)婴儿的照片。compare“比较，对比”；exchange“交换，交谈，交流”；discuss“讨论”。50B根据上下文语境可知，此处表示虽然我不认识(know)你们，但我会来医院和小婴儿拍合影。51A 此处表示Dennis没有问这对新手父母在哪个房间，故选parents。52B 根据下文中的“He turned up at the hospital.the unexpected visit”可知，Dennis履行了他的承诺(promise)，他带着(b
19、earing)礼物去看了新手妈妈Lindsey和她的宝宝。dream“梦想”；agenda“议事日程”；principle“原则，规范，信条”。53A参见上题解析。54C Lindsey的丈夫对Dennis突如其来的到访感到震惊(astonished)。discouraged“泄气的”；relaxed“放松的”；defeated“沮丧的”。55C Dennis的到访虽然出乎他们的意料，但他们对此还是非常感激(appreciate)的。56D 根据本段最后一句中的“The post has since gained.”可知，此处指Teresa在社交网站上张贴(posted)了一张照片。57D 根
20、据语境可知，Teresa在发布照片的同时，还附(accompanied)了感人的话语。confirm“确认”；simplify“使简化”；clarify“阐明，澄清，净化”。58B 这个年轻人（的到来）对我们家来说就是一种祝福( blessing)。Relief“宽慰，解脱，缓和”。59C 根据语境可知，此处填入的词应与其后的“kind”在语义范畴上保持一致，故选sweet（善良的，好心的）。smart“衣着讲究的，聪明的，高档的，敏捷的”；calm“沉着的，风平浪静的”；fair“合理的，公正的，晴朗的”。60B 根据下文中的“receiving more than 184，000 shar
21、es and 61，500 likes in just three days”可知，帖子引起了全世界社交媒体用户的关注（attention）。sympathy“同情”；control“控制”；trust“信任”。第二节61who考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。62the考查冠词。at the top of“在顶端”，此处表示“大声地”。63loudest考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最高级。64looking考查
22、非谓语动词。avoid后常接动名词作宾语，故空处填looking。65challenged考查语态。此处表示“我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战”，主语he和challenge构成被动关系，故填challenged。66scientist考查名词。根据空前的a可知，空处应填名词，且意为“科学家”，故填scientist。67for考查介词。search for意为“寻找”，为固定搭配。68them考查代词。这里用them指代上文的the gorillas。69meant考查时态。由于此处描述的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。70to stay考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to
23、 do sth“允许某人做某事”，为固定用法，故填to stay。第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just Everyone was silent, to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious I had done h
24、omework but I was shy I was afraid to speak in front of a group of people At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, The classroom is a place for learning and that leaning from textbooks, and as well , I raised my hand第一处：begin改为begun。考查时态。根据语境可知，此处为过去完成时，故应用过去分词。第二处：wait改为waiting。考查非谓语动
25、词。此处表示伴随，且与Everyone为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。第三处：and改为or。考查连词。此处表示选择而非并列，故将and改为or。第四处：eager后加to。考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth“渴望做某事”为固定搭配，故在eager后加to。第五处：myself改为my/the。考查限定词。此处特指“我的作业”，故将 myself改为my/the。第六处：删除afraid后的that。考查连词。be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事”为固定搭配，故that多余。第七处：larger改为large。考查形容词。此处无比较级含义，故用原级。第八处：in
26、clude改为includes。考查主谓一致。该句为一般现在时，主语为that，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。第九处：mistake改为mistakes。考查名词的数。根据语境可知，此处表示“从课本和错误中学习”，mistake“错误”为可数名词，应使用复数形式，即mistakes，第十处：Immediate改为Immediately。考查副词。此处为副词作状语，故将Immediate改为Immediately。第二节书面表达【写作思路】本篇书面表达为介绍性说明文，围绕学校体育运动开展情况展开，梳理要点时应根据表达需要作适当拓展，如体育馆的地理位置；也可将运动项目和自己喜欢的项目进行整合，使表
27、达连贯自然。此外，由于是说明文，全文的中心时态应为一般现在时。最后，注意写作的段落层次和段落间必要的过渡词语的使用。【范文赏读】Dear PeterIm happy to hear from you. As for the physical exercise in our school，here is something about itOur school has built a new stadium recently, which is located behind the library. It has well-equipped facilities. Besides, it is
28、big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. We can use it to organize sports events such as playing basketball and table tennis. My favorite sport is running. Whats more, the stadium opens from 9 am to 5 pm Monday to Friday. On weekends, it opens from 10 am to 6 pm.Im looking for
29、ward to your arrival and joining me in experiencing it in the near future.Yours，Li Hua附：听力参考资料Text 1W：So，how is your German class going，John?M：Well，not badThe pronunciation is fine with me，and its vocabulary is similar to EnglishBut Im finding the grammar awfulW：Well，it takes a while to get it right
30、Text 2W：I hope you can come to the party on SaturdayM：I didnt know I was invitedW：Sure you areEveryone in our office is invitedText 3W：May I help you?M：YesWhen is the next train to London?W：Oh，let me checkIt leaves in twenty minutesM：One ticket，pleaseText 4W：Charlie，do you know a restaurant called B
31、ravo?M：Bravo I know the nameBut Im not sure where it isW：Its on George StreetThe food there is excellentText 5W：Brian，I just had an interviewThey said they would make a decision soonM：What are your chances of getting the job?W：Quite goodI think the interview went very wellText 6M：Lets go kite flying
32、，JudyIts such a lovely dayW：Okay，but let me finish my chemistry homework firstWould you mind waiting for half an hour，Max? There are a few sports magazines on the table M：Isnt the chemistry homework due next Wednesday?W：Yeah，but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend o
33、n TuesdayM：All right，thenYou go ahead，and Ill catch up on some sports news while waitingText 7W：Weve been on the computer all the time lately Why dont we do something different Sunday afternoon?M：Well，we could go to a concertW：But I dont think we can get the tickets this lateM：Then what about playin
34、g a computer game? Theres a really cool new one we could downloadW：Hmm，I dont know I feel like I need to do some exercise We could probably just walk by the lake， and Ill ask Mike to join usM：That sounds like funLets do it!Text 8W：Welcome to our program，DrPetersonLets see what questions weve got for
35、 you todayHeres one：Can cats see color?M：Sort ofIn the wild，many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low lightYour cat cant see bright colors such as red and greenBut it picks up more shades of blue， yellow，and grey than humans doW：And why do cats give dead birds to their owners?M
36、：When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet， she isnt bringing you a presentMost cats just drag food home because its a safe place to eatA cats mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice huntingSo，a female cat without children may bring these “treats” to her owner insteadYou
37、 may not like them，but at least you dont have to write her a thank-you noteText 9W：How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten，Jack?M：Oh，hes doing fairly wellIts been three weeks since he first started going， so Macy and I are pretty used to it nowYou should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to se
38、t off on the first day，thoughW：I think thats a normal reaction for mothers You live quite close to the kindergarten， dont you? How does he get there?M：Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad When it rains， theyll driveW：And is Ed enjoying kindergarten?M：Yeah，he loves to hav
39、e other kids to play withHe keeps telling us things they do togetherW：What do the teachers at the kindergarten say about him?M：They said hes bright，and that hes starting to learn how to tell time Isnt that fantastic?W：That is fantasticIt sounds like everything goes wellText 10W：My name is EmilyI had
40、 been a dancer for quite a long timeI started studying ballet when I was six years oldBy the time I was nine，I was dancing five days a weekWhen I was eighteen，I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionallySo I applied successfully for the training prog
41、ram at the School of Toronto Dance Theater，and moved to Toronto to attend the programThat was the period of time I enjoyed most in TorontoI graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten yearsBut after all those years，I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joyI found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances，so I quitI do miss dance oftenBut it makes me happy to think that Ill never have to go to another training session again