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1、广东省深圳市深圳中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（B卷）学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、单项选择1. With the influence of history, society and culture, there are no criteria for what isbeautiful.A. preciseB. legalC. faultyD. profound【答案】A【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于历史、社会和文化的影响，何为美并没有精 确的标准。A. precise精确的;B. legal合法的；C. faulty有错误的;D. profound深刻的， 意义深
2、远的。根据“With the influence of history, society and culture”可知，由于多种因素 的影响，美没有精确的标准。故选A。2. An anonymous donor donated a large sum of money three years ago to our school to help the school campaign Helping the Needy”.A. launchB. sweepC. rejectD. mimic【答案】A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，一位匿名捐赠者捐赠了一大笔钱给我们学 校，以帮助开展学校的
3、“帮助有需要的人”活动。A. launch发起，开展；B.sweep打扫; C. reject 拒绝接受；D. mimic 模仿。根据“the school campaign Helping the Needy”可知, 此处表示开展活动。故选A。3. Whoeverthis job and finishes it properly will receive a generous reward.A. stands byB. takes upC. lies inD. goes through【答案】B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论谁接受了这项工作并恰当地完成了它，都会得 到丰厚的奖励。A.
4、stands by袖手旁观,支持；B.takes up接受，占据；C.lies in在于; D. goes through经历。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表 示“接受”应为take up,根据并列谓语finishes可知，此处应为一般现在时态，take up与 A. To share her experience as a victim of online bullying.B To show people the importance of beauty and happiness.C. To encourage people to enjoy life what
5、ever their differences.D. To gain fame through the newly established online platform.27. Which can be the best title for the text?A. The worlds ugliest woman B , A woman with a rare disease C , The impact of cyberbullying D. A fighter against cyberbullying【答案】24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了
6、莉齐贝拉斯克斯（Lizzie Velasquez）成为反欺凌倡 导者的经历。24 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was a difficult period for her, who had been dealing with a lifetime of bullying due to a rare health condition. I was diagnosed with neonatal progeroid syndrome （新生儿早衰症）,which doesnt allow me to gain weight and severely affects my eyes, my
7、bones and my heart.（这对她来说是一段艰难的时期，因为一种罕见的 健康状况，她一生都在与欺凌作斗争。“我被诊断出患有新生儿早衰症，这使我无法增 加体重，严重影响了我的眼睛、骨骼和心脏。可知，Lizzie Velasquez由于一种罕见 的疾病遭受了网络欺凌。故选C。25 .词句猜测题。根据上文“This new level of selfacceptance inspired Velasquez to make new friends, join the cheerleading squad, and write for the school newspaper. She h
8、ad started to feel gratitude for what she had accomplished, but then came the YouTube video, which threatened her already-shaky foundation.（这种自我接纳的新水平激发了委拉斯开兹结交 新朋友，加入啦啦队，并为校报撰稿。她开始对自己所取得的成就心存感激，但随后 YouTube上的视频威胁到了她已经摇摇欲坠的基础。户可知，划线句子的意思是：“看到 一个写着，世界上最丑的女人，的视频，感觉就在两秒钟之内，我之前所做的一切都被推 翻了。由此可知，委拉斯开兹建立信心的
9、努力被这段视频毁掉了。故选A。26 .推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“My mission is just to remind people that no matter how different you are, you are meant to be in this world. Your puipose in life is out there waiting fbr you J says the motivational speaker.（“我的使命只是提醒人们，无论你多么与众 不同，你都注定要活在这个世界上。你的人生目标就在那里等着你，”这位励志演说家 说。）”可知，她做了一个演讲是
10、为了鼓励人们不管他们有什么不同都要享受生活。故选 Co27 .主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Feeling pressure from the Internet is nothing new for Lizzie Velasquez, an anti-bullying advocate, who found that browsing social media had a negative impact on her self-esteem.（对于反欺凌倡导者莉齐贝拉斯克斯（Lizzie Velasquez） 来说，感受到来自互联网的压力并不是什么新鲜事，她发现浏览社交媒体对她的自尊有 负面影响。
11、户可知，文章介绍了莉齐贝拉斯克斯（Lizzie Velasquez）成为反欺凌倡导者的 经历。D li/i： A fighter against cyberbullying（反对网络欺凌的斗士）是合适的标题。故选D。We can recognize our friends faces. Many social animals can also identify individuals of their own species by their facial features. Thafs important, because they need to be able to adjust the
12、ir behavior depending on who they meet. And research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated （驯养的）animals can even distinguish among different faces by looking at photographs alone.Scientists have also wondered whether domesticated animals that have coexisted with people for
13、thousands of years can recognize different human faces. Lea Lansade of Frances National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment is one of them. Her experiment on horses provides insight into this.She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two side-by-side image
14、s by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside faces of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their present keeper and ignored the stranger 9s face about 75% of t
15、he time, significantly better than chance.Whafs more, the horses also preferentially picked photos of their previous keeper 一 a person they hadnt seen in six months. In fact, even though the horses didnt get it right every single time, they were at least as accurate in picking out their previous kee
16、per as they were in identifying their present one. The results suggest that not only can horses distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, but they know that photographs are two-dimensional representations of real life, without any other clues like sound. And theyre even better at this
17、 than our oldest animal companion, the domestic dog.So maybe think twice before doing anything at a stable （马厩）that might give a horse a long face. After all, the horse could probably remember you.28 . Which one of the following is true about social animals?A. They can only tell different faces of h
18、uman beings.B , Their behavior remains unchanged whoever they meet.C. They can recognise faces of those that are familiar to them.D. They can identify anyone based on their facial expressions.29 . What did the researchers want to find out through the study?A. To compare the photos of different types
19、 of domesticated animals.B , To prove the ability of domesticated animals to distinguish human faces.C. To show the possibility of keeping and training domesticated animals.D. To stress the importance of identifying faces of different domesticated animals.30 . What do we know about the horses in the
20、 experiment?A. They were better at identifying their present keepers.B , Their performance was not as good as domestic dogs.C. They could always correctly pick out their previous keepers.D. They were aware of the relationship between real life and image.31 . Which of the following person is more lik
21、ely to be “remembered“ by a horse?A. People who work in the stables.B People who have long faces.C. People who look like horses.D. People who are friends of its keepers.【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项尝试证实家养动物识别人脸的能力的研究 表明，马能够较准确地识别出现在的甚至以前的饲养员的脸的照片。28 .细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many social animal
22、s can also identify individuals of their own species by their facial features.（许多群居动物也可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种 的个体）”可知，群居动物能认出熟悉的脸。故选C项。29 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“Scientists have also wondered whether domesticated animals that have coexisted with people for thousands of years can recognize different human faces.（科学家们还
23、想知道，与人类共存了数千年的家养动物是否能识别不同的人脸）” 可知，研究人员想通过这个研究证明家养动物识别人脸的能力。故选B项。30 .细节理解题。根据侄ij数第二段中“The results suggest that not only can horses distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, but they know that photographs are two-dimensional representations of real life, without any other clues like sou
24、nd.（结果表明, 马不仅可以区分熟悉和不熟悉的人脸，而且它们知道照片是现实生活的二维表现，没有 任何其他如声音的线索）”可知，实验中的马意识到现实生活和图像之间的关系。故选 D项。31 .推理判断题。根据第三段中 “The horses correctly identified their present keeper and ignored the strangers face about 75% of the time, significantly better than chance.（这些马正 确地认出了他们现在的饲养员，并在75%的情况下忽略了陌生人的脸，这显著地好于偶 然）”和倒
25、数第二段中 “Whats more, the horses also preferentially picked photos of their previous keeper 一 a person they hadnt seen in six months.（更重要的是，这些马还会优先 选择它们以前的饲养员的照片一个它们已经六个月没见过的人）”可知，马非常熟 悉自己的饲养员，大概率能认出现在的甚至以前的饲养员的脸。由此推知，在马厩工作 的人更容易被马“记住故选A项。When you hear the word artificial intelligence99, the first thin
26、g that comes to mind is robotics, but what truly is artificial intelligence and what does the future hold for it? Artificial intelligence is any device or machine that mimics cognitive （认知的）functions humans associate with the human mind, such as learning and problem solving. Examples of artificial i
27、ntelligence in our day to day lives include: Siri, Google, advertising and so much more. Every industry is incorporating （吸4攵/包含）artificial intelligence into its back bone.CuiTently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive. Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important
28、 discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling. In 2017, NASA reported the discovery of an eight-planet solar system with the help of AL It can also predict the emergence of any new virus, disease or epidemic and discover a corresponding drug to treat it by accessing and analyzing mult
29、iple sets of data. This in turn will help the healthcare industry develop Al programs that will improve longevity and predict the time of the first sign of diseases, improve drug research processes and assist doctors in diagnosis.However, there are still a lot of public concerns. An article titled “
30、The Future of Work” gives a practical view on the influence of artificial intelligence and automation in our job industry. It predicts that by 2030, job losses will reach a rate of twenty nine percent, with an even lesser job creation percentage of thirteen percent. In 2014, a chat bot known as Euge
31、ne Goostman passed the Turing test, making judges think it was a human and leading to a lot of raised concerns. Does this mean that with future research, robots can insert themselves smoothly into our environment? It gives people a lot of food for thought.The future of artificial intelligence is bot
32、h fascinating and alarming. Privacy laws and security guidelines should be reviewed to protect everyone from vulnerability（脆弱性）.Still if reseaiches continue to be done with exposuie and 】esponsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative.32 . According to the passage, AI can be used.A
33、. to reduce job creationB. to insert themselves smoothly into our livesC. to make scientific breakthroughD. to prevent the emergence of new virus, disease or epidemic33 . By mentioning the medical use in paragraph 2, the author wanted.A. to introduce a new way to cure any disease.B. to explain the v
34、alue of artificial intelligence.C. to show the effectiveness of artificial intelligence treatment.D. to discuss the possibility of artificial intelligence replacing doctors.34 . What can we infer from the last sentence in paragraph 4?A. Currently, there are more negative effects caused by AI.B , Mor
35、e researches are needed in order to further develop ALC. Its very difficult to balance the exposure and responsibility in researches.D. Its possible to reduce the negative effects of AI in the future.35 . What is the main idea of the passage?A. Artificial Intelligence will change the future.B , The
36、future needs regulation of Artificial Intelligence.C. Artificial Intelligence has made scientific breakthroughs.D. Artificial Intelligence does more harm than good to humans.【答案】32, C 33. B 34. D 35. A【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能将改变未来。32 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence see
37、m all positive. Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling目前，人工智能的影响似乎都是积极的。通过其 预测模型，人工智能将在未来带来更多新的重要发现。）“可推知，人工智能可以被用于 取得科学突破。故选C。33 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It can also predict the emergence of any new virus, disease or epidemic an
38、d discover a corresponding drug to treat it by accessing and analyzing multiple sets of data. This in turn will help the healthcare industry develop Al programs that will improve longevity and predict the time of the first sign of diseases, improve drug research processes and assist doctors in diagn
39、osis.（它还可以通过访问和分析多组数据来预 测任何新病毒、疾病或流行病的出现，并发现相应的药物来治疗它。这反过来将有助于 医疗行业开发人工智能程序，这些程序将延长寿命，预测疾病的第一个迹象的时间，改 进药物研究过程，并协助医生进行诊断。厂可推知，通过在第二段提到医疗用途，作者 想解释人工智能的价值。故选B。34 .推理判断题。根据划线词所在的句子“The future of artificial intelligence is both fascinating and alarming. Privacy laws and security guidelines should be revi
40、ewed to protect everyone from vulnerability.Still if researches continue to be done with exposure and responsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative.（人工智能的未来既迷人又 令人担忧。应该重新审查隐私法和安全指导方针，以保护每个人免受漏洞的侵害。不过， 如果继续对暴露和责任进行研究，天平就不会偏向负面。厂可推知，未来有可能减少人 工智能的负面影响。故选D。35 .主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“When you
41、 hear the word artificial intelligence, the first thing that comes to mind is robotics, but what truly is artificial intelligence and what does the future hold for it?（当你听到“人工智能”这个词时，首先想到的是机器人技术，但什么是 真正的人工智能，它的未来会怎样？）”、文章第二段“Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive4目前，人工智能
42、的影响似乎都是积极的。广和文章第三段 However, there are still a lot of public concerns.（然而,仍然有很多公众的担忧。户可知, 文章主要讨论了人工智能对未来的影响。由此可知，文章的主旨是人工智能将改变未来。 故选Ao三、七选五Lessons to Learn from NatureAs we become more and more separated from nature, we start to realize how much we depend on it. People often seek for wisdom, experien
43、ce, and knowledge. Guess whos been around in this world longer than mother nature? The followings are the lessons nature can teach us.36 As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color, flowers turn into fruits, some animals sleep through
44、out the whole winter, and when they wake up, its spring again - a new beginning. What we need to learn is that change is a good thing. 37Nature is flexible. Flexibility is what helps a leaf endure. If theres a lot of sun in the area, the leaves of a particular plant will be smaller, thicker, and wil
45、l change their color. Leaves growing in the shade, on the other hand, will be larger, greener, and thinner, so they could absorb more sunlight. 3839 When you spend time in nature, by the sea, in the forest, or in the desert, youll notice nothing really happens hurriedly. 40 We overload ourselves wit
46、h work that we cant fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out. Stop for a moment. Breathe. Set your priorities and change your lifes tempo.A. Nature is never in a rush.B. Nature is ever-changing.C. Nature always has its own pace.D. The ability to adapt quickly is an important ability.E. On the
47、other hand, human beings are always in a hurry.F. Accepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free.G. Its important fbr the leaves to know how to adapt to the environment.【答案】36, B 37. F 38. D 39. A 40. E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们可以向大自然学习的一些经验，包括接受 变化、快速适应和找到从容的生活节奏。36 .空处位于段首,需统领段落内容。后文“As
48、 the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color, flowers turn into fruits, some animals sleep throughout the whole winter, and when they wake up, its spring again - a new beginning.（随着日、月、年周期的变化，自然界的一切也在变化。树叶变换颜色，花 朵结出果实，一些动物睡了一整个冬天，当它们醒来时，
49、又是春天一个新的开始。）“ 具体描述自然中发生的变化，B项“Nature is ever-changing.（大自然是不断变化的。）” 符合语境，说明自然在不断变化，可统领后文内容。故选B。37 .前文“What we need to learn is that change is a good thing.（我们需要学习的是变化是 一件好事。）”说明可以从自然中学到变化是好事，F IjirAccepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free.（接受变化会让我们更有适应能力，从而让我们获得自由。 符合语境，解释接受变化的好处，承接前文，其中的change和前文的change是同词复