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1、专练02备战2023年高考一一英语语法填空之高考真题专练（8篇）【解析版】(-)A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.1 water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he couldbring some back to the elder 2 had been his teacher .After a fbur-dayjourney, the young man 3. (present) the w
2、ater to the old man. His teachertook a deep drink,smiled 4(warm), and thanked his student very much fbrthe sweet water. The young man went home 5 a happy heart.After the student left, the teacher let _6 student taste the water. He spit it out, _7 (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fres
3、h because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,4tSir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 8?”The teacher replied,“ You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container fbr an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 9(sweet).”We understand this les
4、son best 10 we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. Wc love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.【答案详解】1. The考查定冠词。句意一个年轻人在穿越沙漠时，偶然发现一股清泉。水是 甜的。根据上句中的spring of clear water,可知,此处“特指”这股清泉里的水， 所以用定冠词the,且位于句
5、子开头，首字母用大写。故答案为The。2. who考查定语从句关系代词。句意：他装满了他的皮容器，这样他就可以带 一些回去给曾经是他老师的长辈。此处elder作先行词，指人，后面的定语从句 缺少主语，也缺少引导词，所以这里是who/that引导的定语从句，先行词指人时 最好用whoo故答案为whoo3. presented考动词时态。句意：经过四天的跋涉，年轻人把水献给了老人。这 里在讲述一件过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故答案为presented。4. warmly考词副词。句意：他的老师深深地喝了一口，热情地笑了笑，非常感 谢他的学生给了这么甜的水。空前的smiled是动词，由副词修饰
6、，所给词warm felt very happy since the crop did grow”8(high)0His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying wc have to let things go in their 9(nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10(result) int
7、he contrary to our intention.【答案详解】1. Behind/In考查介词。句意：在这些谚语背后往往有有趣的故事。该空无提示 词，且位于句子开头，首字母应该用大写；此处指在这些谚语的背后，也就是说 这些谚语所蕴涵的故事，所以介词bchind/in符合语境。故答案为Behind/In。2. to help考查非谓语动词。句意：谚语“想苗助长就是基于下面的故事。plucking up a crop to help it grow的意思是“拔苗助长”,其中的不定式to help作目的状语。 故答案为t。help。3. his考查形容词性物主代词。句意：据说宋朝(960-1
8、279)有一个脾气暴躁的人 非常急于让他的水稻迅速生长。因前面提到的是a short-tempered man,此处用his 表示“他的”修饰后面的名词rice cropo故答案为his。4. it/this/that考查代词。句意：他日夜想着这件事。该空无提示词，用it/this/ that 来指代 help his rice crop grow up quickly 这件事。故答案为 it / this / thato 5. that考查同位语从句。句意：有一天，他想到了一个主意，他要把他所有的作 物拔掉几英寸。该空后面是空前idea的具体内容，所以此处是that引导的同位 语从句，tha
9、t只起引导作用不在从句中作任何成分。故答案为that。6. after / from考查介词。句意：经过一整天的工作，他很累,但他感到非常高兴, 因为庄稼已经“生长”更高了。用after可以句意上得到解释，指工作了一整天之 后感到很累了；用from可以从搭配上得到解释，因为be tired from为固定搭配， 其意为“因为而劳累”,其中的from表原因。故答案为afW/from。7. but考查并列连词。句意：经过一整天的工作,他很累，但他感到非常高兴，因为 庄稼已经“生长”更高了。“做了一整天的工作很累，但是感到高兴”，前后是转折 关系，所以该空要用表示转折的并列连词but。故答案为but
10、。8. higher考查比较级。句意：经过一整天的工作,他很累，但他感到非常高兴，因为 庄稼已经“生长”更高了。根据句意可知。此处指庄稼比被拔之前长高”了，所 以要用比较级。故答案为higher。9. natural考查形容词。句意：这句谚语的意思是，我们必须让事情顺其自然。 句中course是名词，由形容词修饰，形容词位于名词前作定语；所给词nature 是名词,其形容词是natural, natural course指自然生长过程。故答案为natural。 10. results考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：太急于帮助一件事的发展，结果 往往与我们的意图相反。该句在描述一个客观事实，句子
11、用一般现在时；因主语 为动名词，谓语要用动词的第三人称单数形式；result in为固定搭配，意为“导 致结果“。故答案为results。【高考热点】1. contrary to,意为与相反，违反；on the contrary,意为“正相反。2. nature （名词）,意为“大自然” 一一natural （形容词）,意为“自然界的”一 一naturally （副词），意为“自然界地”。3. prepare （动词）,意为准备preparation （名词）be prepared to do sth.,意为“准备做某事”make preparations fbr,意为“为做准备”in pre
12、paration for意为为做准备4. with the help of sb./with one*s help 在某人的帮助卜。5. encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事 encouragement （名词），意为“鼓励”。6. be involved in,意为“被卷入中，涉及到“。（六）I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car1（break） down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misf
13、ortune, I was wondering where 1 was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 2 should have the honor of receiving me 3 a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an oldwoman who lived alone in a little house. While she wa
14、s getting me 4（settle）into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 5 small town some 20 kilometres away 6 there was a garage.1 had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my tabic.
15、7 villagers brought me goats chccsc and hone. We drank together and talked 8(merry) till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman 9 the trouble I had caused 10.【答案详解】1. broke考查一般过去时。句意：当我的汽车在一个偏远贫穷的村庄附近抛锚时， 太阳正在落山。固定句型
16、：”主语+was/were doing sth. when主语+did+其他”，表 示“正在做某事，这时候”，因为前面用的是过去进行时，此句中的when意 为“这时候”，后面用一般过去时，所给动词break的过去式是broke。故答案为 brokeo2. who考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我诅咒着我的不幸，正想着要到哪里去过 夜，这时我意识到聚集在我周围的村民们正在争论谁能有幸在他们家里接待我。 asto至于，关于，就而论”，是介词，后面是介词的宾语从句，从句缺少主 语，也缺少引导词，这里所填从属连词指人，且用作主语，who符合语境。故答 案为whOo3. as考查介词。句意：我诅咒着我的不幸，
17、正想着要到哪里去过夜，这时我意 识到聚集在我周围的村民们正在争论谁能有幸在他们家里接待我。固定搭配： honour.as.,意为“把当作”，其中的as是介词，意为“作为”。故答案 为aso4. settled考查过去分词。句意：当她把我安置在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长 正把他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个 车库。该空考查“get+宾语+过去分词”结构；句中宾语me和动词settle之间是被 动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，getting me settled into的意思是“我被安排 住进”。故答案为settled。5. a考查不定冠词。句意：当她把我安置
18、在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长正把 他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个车库。 表示不确指概念，town是可数名词，此处指“一个小镇”，泛指，且small是以辅 音音素开头的词，所以用不定冠词a。故答案为a。6. where考查定语从句。句意：当她把我安置在一个小而干净的房间里时，村长 正把他的马拴在我的车上，把它拉到大约20公里外的一个小镇上，那里有一个 车库。此处small lown是先行词，在从句中作地点状语，这里是关系副词where 引导的定语从句修饰small towno故答案为whereo7. Other考查形容词。句意：我注意到有三只母鸡在女主人的院
19、子里自由地跑来 跑去，那天晚上有一只跑到了我桌子上的盘子里。其他村民给我带来了山羊奶酪 和羊奶。空后villagers是名词，该空要填一个限制词，根据上文提到的“女主人”, 可知这里指的是“其他的“村民，形容词other“其他的符合语境，且位于句子开头 要用大写。故答案为Other。8. merrily考查副词。句意：我们一起喝酒，愉快地聊天，一直聊到深夜。drank and talked是动词，由副词修饰；所给词merry是形容词，其副词是merrily。9. for考查介词。句意：当我和村里的朋友们告别的时候，我想报答那位老妇人， 因为我给她添了麻烦。固定搭配：reward sb for
20、sth ,意为“因某事报答人”。故 答案为foro10. her考查人称代词。句意：当我和村里的朋友们告别的时候，我想报答那位 老妇人，因为我给她添了麻烦。因前面提到是一位。Id woman,所以用her替代 old woman作动词cause的宾语。故答案为her。【高考热点】1. be grateful to sb.“对某人感激 /be grateful for sth.”因某事而感激 /gratitude （名词）“感激，感激之情”。2. assist （动词）“帮助”assistant （名词）“助手，图书管理员:3. efficiency （名词）“效率”efficient （形容词
21、）“生效的，效率高的” efficiently （副词）”高效地，有效地4. impress （动词）“使留下深刻印象” impressive （形容词）“给人印象深刻 的”impression （名词）“印象” /Icave/make an impression on ”给留下印O5. force sb. to do sth. a强迫某人做某事；invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”; allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事；fdrbid sb. to do sth. “禁止某人做某事”。6. choose to do sth. “ 选择做某事 6
22、refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事 ；hesitate to do sth. “犹豫做某事“；hope to do sth.“希望做某事“；plan to do sth. “计戈ij做某事”。7. puzzle （动词）“使困惑 puzzling （形容词）“令人迷惑的puzzled（形容词）“感到困惑的”。（七）Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 1 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
23、She wished that hewas as easy 2(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 3pleasant experience :people stepped on your feet or 4(push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurryingahead to get to a bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter
24、5 some attractive ties were on display.“They arc real silk,“ the assistant tried to attract her. Worth double the pricc., But Jane knew from past experience that her 6(choose) of ties hardly ever pleasedher father.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipe
25、s 7 sale. She did not hesitate fbr long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8.When Jane got home, with her small but wcll-choscn present in her bag, her parents were already9 table having supper. Her mother was excited.
26、Yourfather has at last decided to stop smoking, Jane 10(inform).【答案详解】l.it考查it的用法。句意：她记得为父亲挑选一件合适的圣诞礼物是多么困难。 it在how引导的宾语从句中用作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to choose a suitable Christmas present fbr her fathero 故答案为 ito2. to please考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望他能像她母亲那样容易取悦，她母亲 总是喜欢用香水。固定句型：主语+be+形容词 (good/nice/pleasant/easy/hard/
27、difficult/comfortable.) +to do,其中动词不定式的 宾语就是句子的主语，且动词不定式的主动表被动。故答案为to please。3. a考查不定冠词。句意：此外，在每年的这个时候购物并不是一件愉快的事。 句中experience表示“经历”，是可数名词，这里指“一次愉快的经历，且pleasant 是以辅音音素开头的词，在其前面加a表示“一”。故答案为a。4. pushed考查一般过去时。句意：人们踩在你的脚上，或者用手肘推你，匆匆 向前去买便宜货。句中。r是并列连词，表示“或者”，将两个并列的谓语动词连 接在一起，该空因与stepped并列，所以要用一般过去时。故答案
28、为pushedo5. where考查定语从句。句意：简在一个柜台前停了下来，那里陈列着一些漂亮 的领带。句中counter作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以该空填 where,此处是关系副词where引导的定语从句。故答案为where。6. choice考查名词。句意：但简从过去的经验中知道，她选择的领带几乎没有让 父亲满意过。空前her是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，所给词choose是动词， 其名词形式是choice。故答案为choice。7. on考查介词。句意：她发现了一些质量很好的烟斗在出售。固定搭配：on sale 意为“出售”。故答案为on。8. him考查人称代词。句意
29、：她没有犹豫多久:虽然她父亲只是偶尔抽一根烟斗， 但她知道这是一件一定会使他高兴的礼物。由于给父亲买礼物，所以应该是使父 亲高兴；please him的意思是“使他高兴”，所以这用人称代词宾格him代替father 作宾语。故答案为him。9. at考查固定搭配。句意：当简回到家，包里装着她精心挑选的小礼物时，她 的父母已经在桌旁吃晚饭了。固定搭配：at table表示“在进餐”。故答案为at。10. was informed考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：“你父亲终于决 定戒烟了，简被告知。根据句意，这里在描述过去发生的事情，此处应用一般 过去时，又因Jane与inform之间为被
30、动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态， 且句子主语Jane是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词中的be动词应该用was。故答 案为 was informed o【高考热点】1. inform sb. of sth.”告知某人某事；warn sb. of sth.“警告某人某事；rob sb. of sth. “抢劫某人某物”。2. experience （可数名词）“经历”/ （不可数名词）“经验” / （动词）经历， 体验；experienced （形容词）“有经验的”/inexperienced （形容词）“没有经验 的” /an experienced teacher “一位有经验的老师”。3.
31、quality (可数名词)“品质”/(不可数名词)“质量”；be of high quality iS 质量”。(八)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1 are cutting back on their airtravel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, an
32、d the like frequently by plane 2 ( view ) as important fbr scientists to gettogether and exchange infbnnation. But Cobb and others 3 ( be ) nowquestioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 4(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealingw
33、ith the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, fbr example, 5 ( rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 6 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started twoyears ago.Cobb, fbr her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to
34、speak 7 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 8 time, theyagreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 9 ( invite ) . Thatapproach brought Cobbs air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 10(continue) the practice. nIt has been fairly rewarding. , shesays, a really positive ch
35、ange/1【答案详解】1. that/who考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院(Georgia Institute of Technology)教授金科布(Kim Cobb)是为数不多但不断增加的学者中的一员，他 们正因气候变化而减少乘飞机旅行。句中名词academics是先行词，指人，后面 的定语从句既缺少引导词又缺少主语，所以定语从句由关系代词who/that引导。 故答案为that/whoo2. is viewed has been viewed考杳被动语态。句意：经常乘飞机去参加会议、 讲座、研讨会等活动被认为是科学家们聚在一起交流信息的重要途径。该句是动 名词短语作主语，和
36、谓语动词之间是被动关系，且这里在描述人们普遍认知的事 情，所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态，动名词作主语 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为is viewed或has been viewed03. arc考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：但科布和其他人现在正在质疑推动 会议提供更多远程参与机会的这种想法，并改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变 化危机尽自己的一份力量。该句在描述目前正在发生的动作，句子用现在进行时， 且句子主语是Cobb and others,复数形式，所以现在进行时中的be动词用are。 故答案为are。4. changing考查现在分词。句意：但科布和其他
37、人现在正在质疑推动会议提供 更多远程参与机会的这种想法，并改变他们的个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽 自己的一份力量。分析句子结构可知，句子是现在进行时，be动词已经给出， 句中动词questioning和change由并列连词and连接，在形式上保持一致，用现 在分词构成现在进行时态。故答案为changing。5. roughly考查副词。句意:例如，在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科学”(No Fly Climate Sci)的网站上，大约有200名学者其中许多是气候科学家承诺自两年前 开始努力以来，尽可能少坐飞机。空后200是数字，由副词修饰，所给词rough 是形容词，其副词是roughly“粗
38、略地，大约故答案为roughly。6. have promised考查动词时态。句意：例如，在一个名为“禁止飞行气候科学”(No Fly Climate Sci)的网站上，大约有200名学者其中许多是气候科学家承 诺自两年前开始努力以来，尽可能少坐飞机。since+过去时间”表示“自从.以 来“，与现在完成时连用，根据since the effort started two years ago可知，设空处 用现在完成时，且句子主语many of them climate scientists是复数形式，谓语动 词也用复数。故答案为have promised。7. whether或if考查宾语从
39、句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的 组织者是否可以远程进行;大约四分之三的情况下，他们都同意。动词ask后面 出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，是疑问的语气，所以连词 whether/i广是否”符合语境。故答案为whether或if。8. the考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可 以远程进行;大约四分之三的情况下，他们都同意。此处“特指Cobb询问的时间 中的四分之三，所以用定冠词the。故答案为the。9. invitation考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了邀请。句中动词 declined后面用名词作宾语，且the用在名词前面
40、，所给词invite是动词，其名 词是 invitationo 故答案为 invitation010. to continue考查动词不定式。句意：这种做法使柯布去年的航空旅行减少了 75%,她计划继续这种做法。动词plan后面跟动词不定式作宾语，plan to do sth”计 划做某事”。故答案为to continueo【高考热点】1. behave （动词）”行为，表现”behaviour （名词）”行为，举止；create （动词）“创造”creative （形容词）”有创造力的”creativity （名词） “创造”；adventure （名词）“冒险”adventurous （形
41、容词）“冒险的”；compete （动词）“比赛”competition （名词）竞赛,比赛“competitive（形容词）具有竞争力的”。2. spare （动词）“抽出，匀出”/（形容词）“备用的，业余的”/spare no effbrt 不遗余力，不惜一切。3. record （动词）”记录，录制” / （名词）“记录”。4. a sense of”一种感”。5. be beneficial to 对是有益的”。6. pace （名词）步速/ （动词）踱步/keep pace with与并驾齐驱。7. simple （形容词）“简单的，简朴的simply （副词）简单地simplici
42、ty（名词）“简单，简朴”。是形容词，其副词是warmly。故答案为warmly。5. with考查介词。句意：开开心心地回家了。介词with的意思是“具有，带有， 和一起，with a happy heart的意思是“带着一个快乐的心”。故答案为with。6. another考查不定代词。句意：学生离开后，老师让另一个学生品尝水。根据 After the student left,可知，此处指老师让“另一个”学生品尝水。这里不知有多 少学生，所以“泛指”另一个学生，应该用不定冠词another。故答案为another。7. saying考非谓语动词。句意：他一口吐了出来，说太难喝了。句中sp
43、it是谓语 动词，逗号后面的say是非谓语动词，且say和句子主语He之间是主动关系， 所以这里是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为sayingo8. it考查it的用法。句意：先生，水太难喝了。你为什么要假装喜欢它?该空指 的就是上文的the water, water是不可数名词，且是同类同物，所以用人称代词 it替代。故答案为it。9. sweeter考查形容词比较级。句意：没有比这更甜的水了，这是最甜的水。否 定词no/nothing/never等与比较级连用，表达最高级的意思。句中Nothing是否定 词，所以所给词sweet要用比较级。故答案为sweeter。10. when考查时间状语从
44、句。句意：当我们从孩子们那里收到爱的礼物时，我 们最能理解这一课。此处是when引导的时间状语从句。故答案为when。 【高考热点】1. present （名词），意为“礼物”；（动词），意为“颁发，赠送”；（形容词），意为“目 前的，当前的”，在句中作前置定语；（形容词），意为“到场的，在场的“，在句 中作后置定语。固定短语:at present,意为“目前,当前presence （名词），意 为“出席，存在2. one., the other,意为“两者当中的，一个另一个”,表示“特指one.,another.,意为“三者或三者以上的，一个，另一个.”，表示“泛指”。3. whether.
45、or not,意为“是或者不是例如:Whether vve go on an outing depends on the weather.（我们是否去郊游依赖于天气。）;whether.or.,意为“无论, 还是”，引导让步状语从句。例如：Whether you are watching TV at home orplaying outside, please do not disturb me.（无论你是在家里看电视，还是到外面去 玩耍，请不要打扰我。）4. response (名词),意为“反应,响应“/in response to,意为对有反应”respond (动词)，意为“回答，回应
46、”(二)Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _1_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _2_ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 3_ (please), because there we
47、re many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _4_ last row._5_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _6_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn
48、around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 7 made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses fbr medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. uThen Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you. the new boy looked at the teacher _8_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _9_ the boy wou