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1、学习好资料 欢迎下载 名词性从句中要注意的几个问题 一.名词性从句中主句和从句的主谓一致、语序 主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由 and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me what was the
2、matter with me.Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.二.名词 demand,suggestion,proposal,advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should+do,should 可省略 1.He gave me a suggestion that I(should)be calm now.2.The suggestion that the plan(should)be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.三.whatever/whoever 的
3、功用：Whatever/whoever 可引导主语，宾语，表语从句，并在从句中做主语，宾语，表语。这种用法中，whatever/whoever 不含疑问意义。Whatever=anything that;whoever=anyone who 1.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.Anyone who breaks the law is to be punished.2.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do anything that he wants them to do.疑
4、问词+ever和 no matter+疑问词的区别：疑问词+ever 可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑问词+ever 还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoever breaks the rule,he must be punished,Whatever you do,you must do it well.no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。No matter what you do,you must
5、 do it well.No matter who breaks the rule,he must be punished.No matter+疑问词可换成疑问词+ever 四.几个固定句式：强调句 It is/was+强调部分that.(如果强调部分是疑问词)Who is it that spoke first?When was it that they came here?关于 doubt sb.doubt if/whether.sb.dont/doesnt that.There is no doubt that.There is no doubt that he will win the
6、 game.疑问词do you think+(用陈述句语序)Who do you think we invited to give us the talk?学习好资料 欢迎下载 名词性从句常见错误例析 1.【误】He will come back surprises all of us.【正】That he will come back surprises all of us.【析】that 引导名词性从句时,尽管无意义也不充当成分,但除了在动词后引导单个宾语 从 句 时 可 省 略 外,其 它 情 况 不 能 省 略。2.【误】That he really means is what he
7、doesnt agree with us.【正】What he really means is that he doesnt agree with us.【析】that和 what 均可引导名词性从句，区别在于：what 在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语，而 that 在名词性从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。误句的主语从句应该用 what作 means 的宾语，表语从句中应该用 that，that 在从句中不作任何成分。3.【误】The news which our team had won pleased everyone.【正】The news that our team had won
8、 pleased everyone.【析】which 在此句中不充当成分，说明从句不是定语从句而是同位语从句。同位语从句不 能用 which 引导，故改为 that。4.【误】The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.【正】The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.【析】主语为 reason 时，引导表语从句的关联词一般用 that，不用 because，构成The reason why/for which/t
9、hat/for.is that.句型。because 引导名词性从句只用于 It/This/That is because.结构。5.【误】It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.【正】It is unknown where we will have the meeting.【析】名词性从句一般只能用一个引导词，连接词 that 与连接副词不可并用。6.【误】The problem is when will he come back.【正】The problem is when he will come back.【析】名词性从句应该
10、用陈述句语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”。7.【误】Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?【正】Could you tell me which is the way to the Science Museum?【析】当主句为过去时态的时候，宾语从句中要用过去的某种时态。但该句中的 could不是表示过去，而是表示一种委婉的语气，故宾语从句中的谓语动词应用一般时态。8.【误】If he is an engineer is unknown.【正】Whether he is an engineer is unknown.【析
11、】if不能用来引导主语从句，在表示“是否”这一意义时要用 whether。9.【误】I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.【正】I have been worrying about whether I have hurt her feelings.【析】if和 whether 引导动词后的宾语从句时可互换。但介词后的宾语从句及主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只能用 whether 引导。相当于单数第三人称作主语谓语动词用单数如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句谓语动词用单
12、数如名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序如二名词等词后的同位语从句的问意义疑问词和疑问词的区别疑问词可引导名词性从句在主从句中要充当一定的成分疑问词还可引导让步状语从句如疑问词只能引导让步状语从句疑问词可换成疑问词四几个固定句式强调句强调部分如果强调部分是疑问词关于疑问但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外其它情况不能省略误正析和均可引导名词性从句区别在于在名词性从句中作主语宾语或表语而在名词性从句中不作任何成分只起连接作用误句的主语从句应该用作的宾语表语从句中应该学习好资料 欢迎下载 10.【误】What he needs are enough time and what I need is e
13、nough books.【正】What he needs is enough time and what I need are enough books.【析】名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。但 what 引导主语从句时，若表语为单数名词或不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数；若表语为可数名词复数，则谓语动词常用复数。11.【误】No matter who comes to visit the exhi-bition is welcome.【正】Whoever comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.【析】“No matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状
14、语从句，“wh-+ever”既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。12.【误】I ll make known to all that you were not honest.【正】I ll make it known to all that you were not honest.【析】当宾语从句前有形容词或名词作宾补时，须用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。其句式为：主语+动词+形式宾语 it+宾补（形容词或名词）+宾语从句。又如：I found it quite pleasant that I worked with him.13.【误】He is said that he
15、has gone to America.【正】It is said that he has gone to America.【析】It is said that是一固定句型，it 为形式主语，不可用其他词代替。14.【误】My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.【正】My suggestion is that we should learn more words by heart.【析】主语为 suggestion,advice,order,proposal等名词时，表语从句要用虚拟语气，即用“（should）+动词原形”
16、的结构。这些名词的同位语从句也要用虚拟语气。15.【误】Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.【正】Why we decided to put off the meeting is that we had some difficulty in preparing it.【析】why 引导主语从句时，表语从句要用 that 引导。练习一：单句改错 1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.2.
17、When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.练习二：用 that/what 填空：1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obv
18、ious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.相当于单数第三人称作主语谓语动词用单数如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句谓语动词用单数如名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序如二名词等词后的同位语从句的问意义疑问词和疑问词的区别疑问词可引导名词性从句在主从句中要充当一定的成分疑问词还可引导让步状语从句如疑问词只能引导让步状语从句疑问词可换成疑问词四几个固定句式强调句强调部分如果强调部分是疑问词关于疑问但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外其它情况不能省略误正析
19、和均可引导名词性从句区别在于在名词性从句中作主语宾语或表语而在名词性从句中不作任何成分只起连接作用误句的主语从句应该用作的宾语表语从句中应该学习好资料 欢迎下载 5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.9._ has made China_ it is now.用 if/whether 填空 1.I asked her _ she had
20、 a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I d
21、ont know _ to go.9._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you.用 that/(that)填空：1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.
22、He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.用 that/whether/where/how填空 1.I have no idea _ he comes from.2.He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5.I have s
23、ome doubt _ he will win.练习三：区别同位语从句/定语从句 1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2.We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.3.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted 相当于单数第三人称作主语谓语动词用单数如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从
24、句谓语动词用单数如名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序如二名词等词后的同位语从句的问意义疑问词和疑问词的区别疑问词可引导名词性从句在主从句中要充当一定的成分疑问词还可引导让步状语从句如疑问词只能引导让步状语从句疑问词可换成疑问词四几个固定句式强调句强调部分如果强调部分是疑问词关于疑问但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外其它情况不能省略误正析和均可引导名词性从句区别在于在名词性从句中作主语宾语或表语而在名词性从句中不作任何成分只起连接作用误句的主语从句应该用作的宾语表语从句中应该学习好资料 欢迎下载 into university.4.The information that he reveale
25、d at the meeting is of great value.5 I heard about the news that he got a full mark in this examination.6.This is good news that I heard from Mary.7.He can t answer the question how he got the money.8.This is an easy question that he answered in class.练习五：名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.He has done what he can t
26、o help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me.2.What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.3.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4.He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most.He will give the dictionary
27、to _ _ needs it most.5.Well remember whomever we turned to for help.Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.6.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.7.Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.练习四：1.It now appears _ they are in n
28、eed of help.A.that B.which C.what D.how 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A.which B.what C.that D.how 3.It _ Joe drives badly.A.thought that B.thinks that C.is thought what D.is thought that 4.It _ he is late for class.A.may that B.might that C.may be that D.might be what 5.This is
29、_ she was born.A.where B.which C.that D.what 6.The question is _ we cant go there today.A.that B.what C.which D.when 7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A.if B.whether C.which D.what 8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.that D.what 9.My s
30、uggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.A.what B.that C.which D.where 相当于单数第三人称作主语谓语动词用单数如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句谓语动词用单数如名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序如二名词等词后的同位语从句的问意义疑问词和疑问词的区别疑问词可引导名词性从句在主从句中要充当一定的成分疑问词还可引导让步状语从句如疑问词只能引导让步状语从句疑问词可换成疑问词四几个固定句式强调句强调部分如果强调部分是疑问词关于疑问但除了在动词后引导单个宾
31、语从句时可省略外其它情况不能省略误正析和均可引导名词性从句区别在于在名词性从句中作主语宾语或表语而在名词性从句中不作任何成分只起连接作用误句的主语从句应该用作的宾语表语从句中应该学习好资料 欢迎下载 10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A.build B.will build C.be built D.will be built 11.My advice is that he _ regular house.A.keep B.would keep C.keeps D.kept 12._ knows the
32、truth will tell you about it.A.Who that B.Whoever C.Whom that D.That who 13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A.that B.which C.what D.whether 14.We heard the news _ our team had won.A.which B.that C.what D.where 15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A.whic
33、h B.that C.whether D.if 16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A.which B.what C.that D.where 相当于单数第三人称作主语谓语动词用单数如果由连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句谓语动词用单数如名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序如二名词等词后的同位语从句的问意义疑问词和疑问词的区别疑问词可引导名词性从句在主从句中要充当一定的成分疑问词还可引导让步状语从句如疑问词只能引导让步状语从句疑问词可换成疑问词四几个固定句式强调句强调部分如果强调部分是疑问词关于疑问但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外其它情况不能省略误正析和均可引导名词性从句区别在于在名词性从句中作主语宾语或表语而在名词性从句中不作任何成分只起连接作用误句的主语从句应该用作的宾语表语从句中应该