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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 第 1 页 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气 考点聚焦 一、情态动词 1、表能力 can be able to could was/were able to Eg:I am starving to death.I can eat two bowls of rice.If you have a good sleep,you will be able to work out this problem.2、表推测（可能性）表示具体事情发生的可能性的层次比较 词形 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 must 必定、必然 will 很可能，大概 不会，不该 会.吗？would 可能性比 will 小
2、 语气比 won t 弱 语气比 will 弱 should 按说应该 ought to 按说应该 can 不可能 有可能吗？could 微弱的可能 不可能 语气比 can弱 may 或许、也许、也说不定 可能不 might 比 may还弱 比 may not还弱 注：表可能性时：can/could一般用于否定句和疑问句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信表示现在有能力做某事 表过去有能力做某事 学习必备 欢迎下载 第 2 页 等，could也可用于肯定句；may/might 表可能性不大，不用于疑问句；Eg:That can t be Mary,for she is in hospital.（表不相信
3、）He might be doing his homework now.They asked if we would do that again.We should arrive home before dark.You must be tired after the long journey.3、表请求、允许 can/could 表请求：could 不表过去，只表示委婉、客气的语气，但回答时必须用 can.may/might 表请求：might 不表过去，仅表示语气更加委婉。will/would 表请求：用于第二人称的疑问句。shall 表请求：用于第一、三人称的疑问句。Eg:Can I u
4、se your computer for a while?-could I use your bicycle?-Yes,you can./No,you can t.May/might I make a suggestion?Will you help me with the luggage?Would you pay me in cash,please?Shall he come in or wait outside.4、表必要性 must 表必要性时，意为“必须”don t have to/needn t do sth,表示“表示不必要做.”5、“情态动词+have done”用法一览表。1
5、)must have done 想必/准是/一定做了 否定式：can t/couldn t have done 或者先乘后两个数积不变这是乘法结合律二选择把正确答案的序号填入括号内运用了加法交换律加法结合律乘法结合律加法交换律和结合律运用了乘法交换律乘法结合律乘法分配律乘法交换律和结合律用三个数字可以组成个不同的方法正确原式原式原式原式一只蜗牛用分钟爬行了米煦这样的速度要爬行米须用几分钟列式是三计算分口算我最棒怎样简便就怎样计算分学习必备欢迎下载列式计算分与的积加上与的积和是多少除数是商是余数是被除数是多少与的个队员的身高分别是厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米他们的平均身高是多少一台磨面机每小时磨面千
6、克照这样计算台磨面机小时能磨面粉多少千克用两种方法解答一堆煤共吨用辆卡车次可以运完平均每辆卡车每次运几吨一辆汽车小时行学习必备 欢迎下载 第 3 页 Eg:It must have rained last night for the road is quite muddy.2)can/could have done 本来能够做某事却没做/过去可能会做 Eg:Can he have gone to his aunt s?3)cannot/couldn t have done 本不能够做某事却做了/过去不可能做某事 Eg:He cannot have forgotten it.他不可能忘记那件事。
7、4)may/might have done 也许/或许已经做.(一般只用于肯定句或否定句)Eg:It s too late.I think he may have gone to bed.He may not have finished the work.5)should/ought to have done 本该做某事但实际上却没做 Eg:You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.6)should not/ought not to have done 本不该做某事但却做了 Eg:You shouldn t have told he
8、r the truth.7)needn t have done 本不必要做某事却做了 Eg:You needn t have taken a taxi here,for it was very near to my house.6、情态动词的其他用法 1）cannot but do sth 表示“不得不，只好做某事”Eg:I cannot but choose to go.我只好去。2）may well/may as well“may well+动词原形”,意为“完全能，很可能”，相当于 to be very likely to Eg:He may well be proud of his s
9、on.他大可为他的儿子感到自豪。“may as well+动词原形”，意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”Eg:You may as well do it at once.你最好现在就做这件事。二、虚拟语气 或者先乘后两个数积不变这是乘法结合律二选择把正确答案的序号填入括号内运用了加法交换律加法结合律乘法结合律加法交换律和结合律运用了乘法交换律乘法结合律乘法分配律乘法交换律和结合律用三个数字可以组成个不同的方法正确原式原式原式原式一只蜗牛用分钟爬行了米煦这样的速度要爬行米须用几分钟列式是三计算分口算我最棒怎样简便就怎样计算分学习必备欢迎下载列式计算分与的积加上与的积和是多少除数是商是余数是被除数是多少
10、与的个队员的身高分别是厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米他们的平均身高是多少一台磨面机每小时磨面千克照这样计算台磨面机小时能磨面粉多少千克用两种方法解答一堆煤共吨用辆卡车次可以运完平均每辆卡车每次运几吨一辆汽车小时行学习必备 欢迎下载 第 4 页 1、虚拟语气在非真实条件句的应用 与现在事实相反：条件句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 Eg:If I were you,I should seize the chance to go abroad.与过去事实相反：条件句：if+主语+had+过去分词 主句：主语+sh
11、ould/would/could/might+have+过去分词 Eg:If you had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams.If+主语+动词的过去式 与将来事实相反：条件句 If+主语+were to+动词原形 If+主语+should+动词原形 主句：主语+should/would/could/might Eg:If he should not come tomorrow,we should put off the meeting till next Monday.2、使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下 4点：1）错综时
12、间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。Eg:If you had followed my advice just now,you would be better now.If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.2）if 省略句 Eg:If I were at school again(Were I at school again),I would study harder.If you had come earlier(Had you come earlier),you would c
13、atch the bus.If it should rain tomorrow(Should it rain tomorrow),we would not go climbing.3）介词短语代替的条件状语从句:with/without/but for Eg:Without your help,we couldn t have finished the work ahead of time.But for your help,.或者先乘后两个数积不变这是乘法结合律二选择把正确答案的序号填入括号内运用了加法交换律加法结合律乘法结合律加法交换律和结合律运用了乘法交换律乘法结合律乘法分配律乘法交换律
14、和结合律用三个数字可以组成个不同的方法正确原式原式原式原式一只蜗牛用分钟爬行了米煦这样的速度要爬行米须用几分钟列式是三计算分口算我最棒怎样简便就怎样计算分学习必备欢迎下载列式计算分与的积加上与的积和是多少除数是商是余数是被除数是多少与的个队员的身高分别是厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米他们的平均身高是多少一台磨面机每小时磨面千克照这样计算台磨面机小时能磨面粉多少千克用两种方法解答一堆煤共吨用辆卡车次可以运完平均每辆卡车每次运几吨一辆汽车小时行学习必备 欢迎下载 第 5 页 4）含蓄条件句 Eg:I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part i
15、n the sports meeting.I should have given you more help,but I was too busy.真题演练 1.I ve ordered some pizza,so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.2.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I _(do)it.3.We would rather than our daughter _(stay)at home with us,but it i
16、s her choice,and she is not a child any longer.4.My book,the house of hades,is missing.Who _ have taken it?5.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _(will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.6.If Mr Dewey _(be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there 7.No o
17、ne _ be more generous;he has a heart of gold.8.I _(not enjoy)myself more-it was a perfect day.9.If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before,he _(be)able to speak it much better now.10.My mom suggests that we _(eat)out for a change this weekend.11.Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _(
18、drink)too much at the party last night.12.The door _ not open,no matter how hard she pushed.13.-It rained cats and dogs this morning.I m glad we took an umbrella.14.It _ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.15.He _ sleep,although he tried to,w
19、hen he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.16.Since nobody gave him any help,he _ have done the research on his own.17.-What are you doing this Saturday?-I m not sure,but I _ go to the Rolling Stones concert.18.The children _(get)lost in the wood;otherwise,they would have been at t
20、he lakeside camp as a scheduled.19.I _(go)to my cousin s birthday party last night,but I was not available 20.-Why are your eyes so red?You _ have slept well last night.-Yeah.I stayed up late writing a report.21.I should not have laughed if I _(think)you were serious.22.-Do you think George has pass
21、ed the driving test?-No,.If so,he _(drive)his car to our college yesterday.单句填空 1.-Do you like the school?-Yeah.I only wish the classes _(be)a little smaller.2.According to the factory safety rules,all accidents _ be reported to the safety officer.3.One of my rules is that every student _ come to my
22、 class ahead of time.4.It s time you _(go)home and I d rather you _(come)again tomorrow.5.If we _(interrupt)the day before yesterday,we would have finished the project.6.It s true that being constantly exposed to advertisements is annoyed,but it _ be pleasant sometimes.7._ I have a quick word with y
23、ou?Something important has happened.8.I m really thankful to you;without you,I _(win)the first prize in the speech contest.9.Jenny certainly _ go swimming in the river-Once bitten,twice shy.10.The police still haven t found the lost child,but they re doing all they _.11.If I had known you were comin
24、g,I _(reserve)a larger table.12.-I can t believe that Jeff _ have quarreled and fought with his boss.-Well,if one _ ask for trouble,it just can t be helped.或者先乘后两个数积不变这是乘法结合律二选择把正确答案的序号填入括号内运用了加法交换律加法结合律乘法结合律加法交换律和结合律运用了乘法交换律乘法结合律乘法分配律乘法交换律和结合律用三个数字可以组成个不同的方法正确原式原式原式原式一只蜗牛用分钟爬行了米煦这样的速度要爬行米须用几分钟列式是三计
25、算分口算我最棒怎样简便就怎样计算分学习必备欢迎下载列式计算分与的积加上与的积和是多少除数是商是余数是被除数是多少与的个队员的身高分别是厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米他们的平均身高是多少一台磨面机每小时磨面千克照这样计算台磨面机小时能磨面粉多少千克用两种方法解答一堆煤共吨用辆卡车次可以运完平均每辆卡车每次运几吨一辆汽车小时行学习必备 欢迎下载 第 6 页 13.I _ have passed my examination easily,but I made too many stupid mistakes.14.We can hardly believe such a young boy _ trav
26、el around the world all by himself.15.According to the agreement,no tourist _ let out how they spent the threes days on the island.16.Children of divorced parents _ have difficulty in forming stable relationships themselves.17.-Is that Nanjing Road over there?-It _ be,I m not sure.18.There _ be any
27、difficulty about passing the final test since you have been well prepared.19.Some aspects of a nurse s job _ be boring,and they often _ work at night.20.-Where do you think our Chinese translator _ be?-She was here only a moment ago.或者先乘后两个数积不变这是乘法结合律二选择把正确答案的序号填入括号内运用了加法交换律加法结合律乘法结合律加法交换律和结合律运用了乘法交换律乘法结合律乘法分配律乘法交换律和结合律用三个数字可以组成个不同的方法正确原式原式原式原式一只蜗牛用分钟爬行了米煦这样的速度要爬行米须用几分钟列式是三计算分口算我最棒怎样简便就怎样计算分学习必备欢迎下载列式计算分与的积加上与的积和是多少除数是商是余数是被除数是多少与的个队员的身高分别是厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米厘米他们的平均身高是多少一台磨面机每小时磨面千克照这样计算台磨面机小时能磨面粉多少千克用两种方法解答一堆煤共吨用辆卡车次可以运完平均每辆卡车每次运几吨一辆汽车小时行