《+Unit+1+知识点复习学案 牛津译林版八年级英语下册.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《+Unit+1+知识点复习学案 牛津译林版八年级英语下册.docx（42页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Unit 1复习目标1,复习本单元重点单词。2,复习本单元重点短语。3,复习本单元重点句型。4,考点复习精讲。复习【重点单词】1. past过去2. present 现在,目前3. just 刚才4. used to 曾经5. since 自以来6. ever 曾经7. northern北方的，北部的8. married 已婚的，结婚的9. wife 妻子10. block 街区11. since 自以来对我们来说像以前一样经常见到彼此已经不可能。3 .Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.Sunshine Town已经发生了惊人的
2、变化。4 .Local people used to live in old houses,but now,most of them have moved into new flats.当地人过去常常居住在旧房子里，但是现在他们大 多数已经搬到了新的公寓。5 .We mainly communicate by email.The Internet makes communication much easier.我们主要通过电子邮件交流，网络使交流变得更加 容易。6 .It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly. 习惯生活的
3、快速变化是不容易的。7 .My uncle used to live in the city,but now he is used to living in the countryside.我叔叔过去居住在城市，但现在他习惯于居住在乡下。8.1 have to spend more time on my homework than before.比起以前我不得不花费更多的时间在我的家庭作业 上。【考点复习】l.It was in the bowl an hour ago.一个小时之前它还在 碗里。【解读】句中的ago是副词，意为以前ago不 能单独使用,常跟在表示一段时间的单词或短语之后。 e
4、. g.Tom went to Beijing 3 years ago.汤姆三年前去了 北 京。【辨析】ago和before(1)“时间段+ ago”表示从说话时刻算起的若干时间以 前，常用于一般过去时。“时间段+before”表示从过去 某一时刻起，若干时间以前，与过去完成时连用。e.g. He met her three days ago.他三天前碰到过她。He said he had met her three days before.他说他三天前碰到过她。(2)ago不能单独使用，而before可以单独使用，与一般岁 时或现在完成时连用时，表示“不明确的以前工e.g. I have n
5、ever seen him before.我以前从未见过他。I told you about that thing before.我以前告诉过你那件事。 before还可以作介词，后接时间点，也可以作连词，引 导时间状语从句，而ago则不能作介词和连词。e. g. Mary will come back before nine oclock.玛丽会在9点之前回来。Dont forget to turn off the lights before you leave home. 在你离开家之前，不要忘记关灯。【应用】用ago或者before填空。(l)Miss Chen will call me
6、 she leaves Beijingfor Shenzhen.(2)Kate and her mother went to Japan a week(3) We often had a class meeting on Monday afternoon(4)1 saw the film two months(5) We must come to school.的half past seven.答案：(1) before ( 2 )ago ( 3 ) before ( 4)ago(5)before2 .Eddie,have you seen my food?埃迪，你看到我的食物 了吗？【解读】
7、此句用的是现在完成时的一般疑问句。现在 完成时由“have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。现在完成 时态主要在以下两种情形下使用：表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态；(2)表示已完 成但对现在有一定影响的动作。【拓展】现在完成时的各种句式及回答(1)肯定句式:主语十have/has+过去分词(2)否定句式:主语十haven/hasnt十过去分词疑问句式；Have/Has+主语十过去分词十.？肯，否定回答：Yes,主语十 have/has; No,主语十 havent/hasnt.e.g.Youve changed.你变了。She has lived here for ten years,她在这里
8、住 10 年了Have you finished your home work?你完成你的家庭 作业了吗？No,l haven 不，没有完成。应用(1)Yon seem to know much about the city.一Thatfs true.I it three times.A. visited B had visited C. have visitedD.will visit(2)Pm sorry you the wonderful football game.lt was just over.A. have lost B. have missed C.are missing D.
9、will lose答案:(1)C(2)B3 .You used to share food with me!你过去常常与我分享食物！【解读】(l)used to意为“曾经;过去常常”，表示过去存 在的状态,或过去经常做某事而现在不做了。该结构中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。【拓展】used to的各种句式：肯定句:主语十used to+动词原形。e. g.The river used to be clean.这条河以前是干净的。I used to read English in the morning.我过去常常早上 读英语。否定句:主语十didnt use to十动词原形。或主语十 us
10、ed not to 十动词原形。e.g. The old man didnt use to eat apples. /The old man usednt to eat apples.这个老人过去经常不吃苹果。一般疑问句:Did+主语+use to十动词原形?或Used 十主语+to+动词原形？e.g.一Did he use to play computer games? /Used he to play computer games?他过去经常玩电脑游戏吗？-Yes,he did./Yes, he used to.是的，他经常玩。反意疑问句;陈述句+ did(nt)十主语？或陈述句十used
11、(nt)十主语？There used to be an old tree behind my house,didn!t/usednt there?过去在我家房子后面有一棵 老树，对不对？She used to have short hair, didnt/usednt she? 她过去留着短发,对吗？辨析used to do sth., be used to doing sth., be used to do sth.used to do sth.只用于过去时，表示过去存在但现在已 经停止的情况或习惯。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。e.g. My father
12、 used to watch TV after supper but now he is used to helping mum do the housework.我爸爸过去常堂陷饭后看电视,但是现在他习惯帮妈 妈做家务。be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”是一种被动语 71 Oe.g.This knife is used to cut bread.这把刀子是用来切面 包的。(2)share及物动词，意为“共用，分享Lshare. with sb.意为“与某人分享/共用e.g.Mary and 1 share a room.我和玛丽合住一个房间。She shared her
13、 lunch with her friend.她与她的朋友分享 她的午饭。【应用】(l)Uncle Wang looks so fine in recent days.He alot, but he has given it up.A. was used to smoke B. used to smokeC. used to smokingD.is used to smoking(2)There used to be a hotel here,?A. isnt there B. wasnt thereC. didnt there D.did there(3)you to go to the p
14、ark when you werechildren?A. Did; useB Do ; usedC. Are;usedD. Were;used(4)Taiwan is part of China. We the same history andculture.A.explain B.express C. connect D. share 答案:(1)B(2)C (3)A(4)D4.Why didnt you take a bus?你为什么不乘公共汽车呢？【解读】此处take表示“乘，坐。take+a/the+交通工 具名词”表示“乘、坐交通工具”。e. g.Lets take a taxi t
15、o the restaurant.咱们搭出租车到那 家餐厅去吧。【拓展】交通方式的其他表示方法：（l）“by+交通工具名词”表示“乘，坐此时交通工 具的名词只能用单数，不能用复数，也不能被冠词或物 主代词等限定。如:by bicycle,by car, by taxi,by bus, by boat, by ship, by plane 等。e. g. I go to school by bus,but my father goes to work by underground.我乘公共汽车上学，但我爸爸乘地铁上班。（2）“by +交通路线的位置（地理名词厂表示“由途 径”，如：by wate
16、r（从水路）,by sea（从海路）,by air（乘飞 机）等。e. g. We are going to England by air.我们打算乘飞机去 英国。（3）in/on+限定词+交通工具名词”表示“乘、坐”,相当于“by+交通工具名词九不过，in多用于封闭式交 通工具，on则多用于开放式或半封闭式交通工具。如 in a plane/taxi/car=by plane/taxi/car;on a bike=by bike。 e.g. He often goes to school on a/his bike.他经常骑自行 车去上学。【注意】对交通方式提问，要用特殊疑问词how。e.g
17、.一How will they go to the zoo?他们将怎么去动物 园？一They will go there by bus.他们将乘公交车去。【应用】Jeff goes to work and his wife goes toworkA.by car;on her bike B. by a car;on her bikeC. by cars; by bikes D. by his car; by bike答案:A5.1. .and it took a long time to wait for the next one并且等候下一班车要用很长时间。【解读】这是一个It takes(
18、sb. ) some time to do sth.”句型，意 为“(某人)花费多长时间做某事it是形式主语,真正的 主语是后面的动词不定式。It takes about ten minutes to get to school by bus from the bus stop.从公共汽车站乘车到学校大约需要10分 钟。It took me one hour to do my homework last night.昨天 晚上我做作业用了一个小时。（2）one在此用作代词，指代单数的人或物。This coat is too small. Do you have a bigger one?这件大
19、 衣太小了,你有大一点儿的吗？ （one在此指代coat）【拓展】ones作代词，指代复数的人或物。1 dont like the coloured envelopes.! like the white ones. 我不克欢这此彩色信封.我喜欢那些白色的。（ones在 此指代 envelopes）【辨析】one,it与that三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词。一般来 说,one表示泛指，指代同类事物中的任何一个。that和 it表示特指,that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个;而it 与所指名词为同一个。e.g.I cant find my hat. I think I must buy
20、one.（泛指）我找 不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。The hat you bought is bigger than that 1 bought.（同类但 不同个）12. over在期间13. turn into 把变成14. pollution 污染；污染物15. factory 工厂16. waste废料；废品17. realize(=realise)意识到；实现18. improve改进，改善19. situation 形势，情况20. in some ways 在某种程度上21. impossible 不可能的22. before 以前，过去，已经23. lonely 孤独的，寂
21、寞的24. from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔25. anyway尽管，即使这样26. husband 丈夫27. interview 采访；会见28. all one s life 一生29. yet 还，仍30. recently 近来，最近31. past 过去的你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。1 cant find my hat.I dont know where I put it.（同物） 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪儿了。Reading1. Has the town changed a lot over the years?近几年来城 自里的变化很大吗？【解读
22、】（l）a lot在此是副词短语,在句中作程度状语, 意为“很，非常”，常用来修饰动词、感叹词、形容词或副 词的比较级。e.g. It usually rains a lot at this time of year.每年这个时候都会经常下雨。（修饰动词rain）Thanks a lot for the coffee.多谢你请我喝咖啡。（修饰动词thank）You came a lot earlier than me.你来得比我早多了。（修饰比较级earlier）【拓展】a lot还可以用作名词短语，表示“许多，大量二 在句中作主语、宾语或表语，其后常有动词不定式短语 作后置定语。e.g. S
23、ometimes we have very little snow, but sometimes theres a lot.有时我们这儿雪很少，有时却又很多。（作主语)Hes given her a lot to eat.他给了她许多好吃的东西。(作宾语)(2)over the years意为“在这几年间，这些年来，多用于 现在完成时。over在此作介词，意为“在期间”。e.g. He has grown into a big boy over the years.几年间 他已经长成了一个大男孩。Over the years,the organization has tried to help
24、 poor children go to school.这些年来，这个组织都在尽力书助贫困儿童上学应用(1) We can learnabout USA from thebook.A.a lot ofB. lot of C. lots of D. a lot这些年来,她给我们带来了不少的幸福。Sheus so much happiness答案:(1)D (2)has brought;over the years2. Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.如今，政府已经把市中心的一部分改成 了一
25、个新公园。【角星读】 短语 turn. . into(二change.into)表示 “把变成-，而turn into则表示“变成e g.I am going to turn this classroom into a playroom for the students.我准备把这间教室变为学生们的游戏室。The water turned into ice last night.昨晚水结成了冰。【归纳】turn常构成以下短语：turn on 开 turn off 关 turn up 调高（指音量）turn down 调低（指音量）turn around转身by turns轮流;交替in tur
26、n依次;轮流turn in父出;上交take one*s turn依次; 轮流its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事【应用】I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly.A. turn on B.turn off C.turn up D. turn down 答案:c3. Later the government realized the problem and took actionto improve the situation.后来政府意识
27、至I了这个 问题并采取措施改善了情况。【解读】（l）realize在此用作及物动词，意为“认识到，明 白,意识到eg He could not realize the danger.他意识不到危险。 The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish in the river died.直到河里的鱼都死了，村民们才认识到了污染的严重 性。【拓展】realize还可以表示“实现”。e.g.My dream has been realized.我的梦想实现了。(2)take action( to
28、do sth.)意为“采取行动(做某事户, action在该短语中是不可数名词，表示“行动，措施工e.g. We must take action before it is too late.我们必须及 早采取行动，否则来不及了。They took action to protect wild animals.他们采取行动 保护野生动物。improve在此用作及物动词，意为“改进，改善”，它的 名词形式是improvementoe.g. I want to improve my English.我想提高我的英语水 平。【应用】(l)Last Thursday when I got to the
29、 station,1 I had left my ticket at home.A. Understood B. realized C. believed D. seemed(2)The city is trying to the living environmentof the people.A. Improve B. rise C. lift D.increase我们不得不采取行动来制止他们。We have tostop them.答案:(1)B (2)A (3)take action to4. It has become impossible for us to see each oth
30、er as often as before.对于我们来说再像以前那样经常地互 相见面是不可能了。【解读】1)本句型结构是“It is +形容词(十for sb. )+to do sth.”,意为“做某事(对某人来说)是.的。”动词不 定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式放 在谓语或表语之后。如果要说明动词不定式的动作是 谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for引起的每语，作不定式 的逻辑主语。It is not easy to learn a foreign language well.学好一门 外语是不容易的。It is important for study hard.努力学习对你很重
31、要。【拓展】如果表语是kind, nice, clever, foolish, polite 等描述人的性格，品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加个 of引起的短语作逻辑主语。It is very kind of you to lend me so much money.你真好, 借给我这么多钱。(2)as.as意为像一样”，中间用形容词或副 词原级。as. as.的否定形式是not so/as. as.,意为 “不如e.g. He runs as fast as a deer.他跑得像鹿一样快。Mary doesnt sing as well as Lucy.玛丽唱歌不如露西唱 得好。She is
32、 not so honest as she used to be. 一自继人出个唯 她不像以前那么诚实了。【应用】(1)generousthe little girlto share her toys with the other kids.A. Its;of B.That*s;of C. Its; for D Thats; for(2)English isnt as as Chinese.Maybe, perhaps its just because Chinese is your native language.A.easy B.easilyC.easierD.easiest答案:(1)A
33、A5. Now 1 feel a bit lonely from 来中人接 w an 觉得有 点孤单。【解读(l)a bit意为“有点儿”，表示程度，后可跟形容词、副词的原级或比较级，相当于a littleo e. g.Im a bit tired.我有点累。This coat is a bit larger for me.这件外套对我来说有点儿大。【辨析】a bita little二者都是表程度的副词短语,修饰形容词、副词原级或比较级时，意义相同，意为“一点儿,有些，e. g. I am a bit/a little hungry.我有,点 J L饿。He walked a bit/a li
34、ttle slowly.他走路有点儿慢。二者都可以作为名词短语，充当主语或宾语。eg.A little/bit is enough for me.我有一点儿就够 了。I know only a little/a bit about her.我对她的情况只了 解 一点儿。a little可直接修饰名词,a bit后须加of才可以修饰名e. g.There is a little water in the bottle. =There is a bit of water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点儿水。【注意】not a little作状语时,相当于very/quite,意为 “很、
35、非常”;作定语和宾语时,相当于much,意为“许多工 而not a bit作状语时,相当千not at all,意为“一点也不”；作宾语时则相当于not muchoHe is not a little(二very)hungry.他饿极了。She ate not a little(=much).她吃得很多。He is not a bit(=not at all)hungry.他一点儿也不饿。(2 【辨析】lonely与alonelonely形容词，表示“孤单的，寂寞的;荒凉的”，指人孤 独、寂寞，也指地方荒无人烟，有浓厚的感情色彩，可作 定语或表语。e. g.Living in a big ci
36、ty can make people feel lonely some-times.生活在大城市有时会让人感到寂寞。She lives in a lonely mountain village.她生活在个偏 僻的山村。alone用作形容词或副词，表示“单独的(地)，独自的(地 不含感情色彩，强调“单独”，形容词alone 一般作表语而 不作定语。e. g. I never feel lonely when I am alone.我一个人时从 不感到寂寞。The old man lives alone on the hill.那个老人独自人 在山上居住。【应用】(1)一I amhungry.Co
37、uld 1 eat some bread?一Yes. But there is only bread left at home.A. a little;a bitB.a bit of;a bitC.a bit;a bit ofD.a bit;a little of(2)Mr Zhao lives in the house by himself all his life, and he often feels.A. along B. alone C. lonely D. hungry答案:C (2)C6.Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine T
38、own. 在阳光城发生了令人惊叹的变化。【解读】change在这里用作可数名词，表示“变化，改 变”。e.g. There have been great changes over the years in Nanjing.南京近几年来变化很大。【拓展】change还可用作不可数名词，表示“零钱，找 零”。e. g. This is your change,and your ticket.这是找给您的 钱，还有车票。change还可用作动词，表示“变化，改变”,change.into.表示“把弯成”，相当于turn. into. oe.g.Society has changed a lot i
39、n the last hundred years.近 百年来社会发生了很大的变化。1 am going to change/turn my yard into a garden.我打算 把庭院变成一个花园。(3)take place表示“发生”，与happen意思相近,但用法 有区别。take place常指经过安排而发生，而happen常 指偶然发生，它们都只用于主动语态，没有被动语态。 e.g.Great changes have taken place here since last year. 自去年以来，这里发生了巨大的变化。The car accident happened on
40、Sunday night.车祸发生在星期天晚上。【拓展】take place还可表示“举行，举办”，相当于be held.e. g.The celebration ceremony takes place/is held in July each year.庆祝典礼在每年七月举行。happen还可以表示“碰巧，恰好，happen to do sth.表示 “碰巧做某事，e.g.I happened to see him on my way home.我在回家的 路上碰巧遇见了他。【应用】选词填空(happen/take place)。32. environment 环境33. transpor
41、t 交通车辆，运输工具34. condition 环境，条件，状况35. return 返回36. last最近，上一次；最后37. abroad至U（在）国外38. primary小学教育的；初级的39. keep in touch（with） 保持联系40. communicate 交流，交际41. communication 交流，交际42. exactly （答语）正是，没错43. be/ get used to 习惯于,适应于44. narrow 狭窄的45. open space 开 阔的空地【重点词组】l.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的2.us
42、ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be used to do sth.被用来做某事(1)A bad accident to that family.(2) What when you told him the news?(3)The Olympic Games every tour years.答案:(l)happened (2)happened (3)take placeGrammaOh, I think I have heard about the film.哦,我想我听说过 这部电影。【解读】hear about意为“听说，指通
43、过他人的告知、 网络、电视、报纸等媒介间接地知道有关的情况, 也可用hear of。e. g. 1 don*t know the writer, but I have heard about/of him.我不认识这位作家，但听说过。【拓展】hear from表示“收到的来信”。e.g. I hear from my parents every month.我每月都收到父母的来 信。【应用】We have never visited the museum, but we haveit.A. stood for B. belonged toC.heard about D. kept to答案:C
44、【解析】句意:我们从来没有参观过这个博物馆,但我们 听说过它。hear about意为听说”，符合句意；stand for 意为“代表,主张，belong to意为“属于keep to意为 “遵守”，都不符合句意。Integrated skills1.1 hope I can visit it again.我希望我能再次参观那儿。 【解读】该句包含一个定语从句，hope后面省略了连 接词thato hope后面的句子充当其定语,即定语从句, 其主句为“I hope(that)二宾语从句的时态常用搬现在 时或一般将来时。如：1 hope youll come early.我希望你早点来。【拓展】
45、(l)hope还可用不定式作宾语,hope to do sth识为“希望 做某事”。如:He hopes to see his parents soon.他希望很快见到他 的父母。(2)如果hope之前的主语和hope之后的宾语从句的 主语相同，可以转换成hope to do sth.结构。如：I hope I can get back before six. (=hope to get back before six.)我希望六点之前能回到家。【注意】hope作动词时，后面可接不定式或宾语从句, 但不能接复合宾语，即不能使用hope sb. to do sth.的形 式。译我们都希望你能获奖
46、。误We all hope you to win the prize.正We all hope that you will win the prize.【应用】同义句转换。The woman hopes that shell be better soon.The woman hopes better soon.答案:to be2 . When did you last see each other?你们上次见面是仕 时候？【解读】last在此处用作副词，意为“最近，上一次； last既可位于动词之前,也可位于动词之后。e. g. I last saw him in Shanghai two y
47、ears ago.=l saw him last in Shanghai two years ago.我上一次是两年前在上 海见到他的。【拓展】(l)last还可用作形容词，表示“最近的;上一个的;末尾的;最后的e.g. I thought her last book was one of her best.我认为她 最近出版的那本书是她的最佳著作之一。I dreamt about flying last night.昨晚我梦见我在飞翔。(2)last还可用作动词，表示“持续;维持工e. g. The festival lasted two days.节日持续了 两天。The hot weather lasted until September.炎热的天气持续 到九月