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1、Unit 4 Topic 1Section B单词1. bulbn.电灯泡2. airplanen.飞机3. hard-wearing adj.而寸磨的4. Korean.朝鲜；韩国短语1. a light bulb 电灯泡2. Its said that + 从句 / Its reported that + 从句（据说、据报道）3. during ones life = in ones life 在某人的一生中4. go / e this way 走这条路5. be different from 与,不同6. the science museum木斗学博物馆7. hard-wearing p
2、ants designed for workers 为 工人设计的耐磨的裤子8. have/ has been done已经被做（现在完成时的被动语态）9. feel more fortable摸起来更舒服10. be widely used by.被广泛使用11. more than= over 超过12. all over the world = around the world = throughout the word 全世界重点句子1. It is widely used by people everywhere.它被世界各地的人们广泛使用。2. Its said that he i
3、nvented more than two thousand things during his life. 据说爱迪生一生有两千多项发明。3. Look! An airplane, but its different from todays.看Y飞机，但是它不同于现在的飞机。4. It was invented by Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1903.它是由莱特兄弟在1903年发明的。5. Nowadays, their materials have been changed so that it feels more fortable. 现在，为了让人们感
4、觉舒适，它们的材料已经被改变了。6. They are designed not only for workers but also for teenagers and women. 牛仔裤不仅为工人设计还为青少年和妇女设计。1 .【课文原句】It is widely used by people everywhere.它被各地的人们广泛使用（1 ） widely 与 widewidely （副词），在句中充当状语，表示抽象的行为和状况。eg English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用。wide （形容词），意为“宽广的”；也可作副词，意为“
5、广大地；广阔地”，表示具体的行为和动 作。e.g. They e to a wide river.他们来到了 一条很宽的河流前。Open your mouth wide when you pronounce this sound.当你发这个音时张大你的嘴巴。2 2） everywhere （副词），意为“到处”2.【课文原句】Do you know when it was invented?你知道它是什么时候发明的吗？（1）此句是一个特殊疑问词when引导的宾语从句，注意宾语从句部分要用陈述句的语序。2 2） invent （及物动词）,意为“发明,创造”inventor （可数名词）,意为“
6、发明家”invention （可数名词）,意为“发明物”e.g. Many great inventors invented many great inventions.许多伟大的发明家发明了许多伟大的发明。3 .【课文原句】 Its said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.据说他一生中发明了两 千多种东西。（1） Its said that意为“据说it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。类似的结构还有Ifs reported that.意为“据报道”（2） more than意为“多于”
7、,相当于over；反义词是less than意为“少于”（3） during介词，意为“在期间”，强调动作或状态的持续性。during ones life 某人生 相当于 in ones lifee.g. We go swimming every day during the summer.整个夏天我们每天都去游泳。（4） life （可数名词），意为“生命；生活”，复数形式为lives （也是live的三单形式）。4 .【课文原句】Nowadays, their materials have been changed so that it feels more fortable.如今，他们的
8、材料已 经改变，所以感觉更舒适。（1） have been changed意为“已经被改变”，是现在完成的被动语态，其结构为：have/has + been+及物动词的过去分词e.g. The work has been finished by Tom.Tom已经完成了这项工作（这项工作已经被Tom完成了）。（2） change （及物动词），意为“改变 change （可数名词），意为“变化”change （不可数名词），意为“零钱”（3） feel （感官动词），意为“感觉起来；摸起来”【拓展】taste尝起来（可数名词），意为“品味”smell闻起来look看起来sound听起来（4）
9、so that意为“目的是，为了”，引导目的状语从句，常与情态动词连用。e.g. He saves lots of money so that he can buy a new car.他为了能买一台新车攒了很多钱。（5） fortable （形容词），意为“舒适的 fort （不可数名词），意为“舒适” unfortable （形容词），意为“不舒服的”。5 .【课文原句】They were designed not only for workers but also for teenagers women.它们不仅是为工人设计 的，也是为青少年妇女设计的。（1） not only . bu
10、t also .意为“不但而且”e.g. Not only I but also my friends like pop music.（并歹U主语）不但我喜欢流行音乐，而且我的朋友们也喜欢。Not only paper but also printing is very important to peoples daily life.（并歹U主语） 纸和印刷术对人们的日常生活都很重要。（3） She can speak not only English but also French.（并歹U 宾语）她不但会说英语而且还会或法语。 Miss Gao not only dances well b
11、ut also sings well.（并列谓语）高老师不但舞跳得好，而且歌唱得也好。【拓展】L eitheror意为要么要么”（两者选其一）Either you or I am right.（并列主语）要么你是对的，要么我是对的。IL neither.nor .意为“既不也不”（两个）者E不 Neither he nor I like chess.（并列主语）我和他都不喜欢象棋。 Neither my mother nor my father likes it.（并列主语）我的爸爸妈妈都不喜欢它。（3） My grandfather likes neither watching TV nor
12、 listening to music.（并歹U 宾语）我的爷爷既不喜欢看电视，也不喜欢听音乐。（PS:当not only . but also., either .or., neither . nor并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一 致，即就近原则。bothand并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。）。分层作业题组A基础过关练I.基础短语回顾1 . n.发明_ v.发明 一 n.发明家2 .被人们广泛的使用3 据说4,超过，多于5,在他的一生中6 .走这边7 .在那时8 .与不同9 .不仅而且1。,全世界/【答案】1. invention; invent; inventor2. be wi
13、dely used by people3. Ifs said that4. more than5. during his life; in his life6. go this way7. at that time8. be different from9. not only . but also10. all over the world; across the world; throughout the world11. 单项选择1. Many houses in the earthquake of August 3,2014 in Ludian of Yunnan Province.A.
14、 is destroyedB. are destroyedC .was destroyedD. were destroyed【答案】D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。A选项为一般现在时的被动语态，单数；B选项为一般现在时的被动语态， 复数；C选项为一般过去时的被动语态，单数；D选项为一般过去时的被动语态，复数。根据many houses 主语为复数A和C排除，结合时间状语已过去，所以时态为一般过去时。故选D。2. Not only Mike but also his parents fond of watching basketball matches.A. areB. isC. wasD.
15、 be【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:麦克和他的父母都爱看篮球比赛。分析句子可知，当句子中有not onlybut also.固 定短语时，谓语采用就近原则。his parents为复数，故选A。3. Many studentschances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big .A. dont giveB. arent givenC. haven9t givenD. wont give【答案】B【解析】students是动词的承受者，需用被动语态。A. dont give一般现在时的否定形式；B.
16、arent given一般现在时 的被动语态的否定形式；C. haven* given现在完成时的否定形式；D. wont give将来时的否定形式。故选 Bo4. It is true that knowledge rather than being taught.A. learnsB. learnedC. is learnedD. was learned【答案】C【解析】考查被动语态的用法，构成be+done (动词的过去分词)，同时考查真理永远用一般现在时，因此选择第三 项。故选C。5. The airplane was invented in 1903 Its very todays.
17、A. the same asB. same asC. different toD. different from【答案】D【解析】句意：这架飞机是在1903年发明的，和今天的大不一样。be the same as和一样，be different from和不一样，故选D。III.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1. puters have been(wide) used in peoples daily life.2. Do you know when the bulb was(invent)?3. Jeans were once(design) for workers.4. The digit
18、al camera was(develop) in Japan.5. The woman can speak（many） than three languages.【答案】1. widely2. invented3. designed4. developed5. moreIV.连词成句1. is, beginners, the, designed, course, for2. it, do, was, when, know, invented, you9 3. it, he, wrote, that, said, is, poems, 90004. feels, this, of, jeans
19、, kind, fortable, more 【答案】1. The course is designed for beginners.2. Do you know when it was invented?3. It is said that he wrote 9000 poems.4. This kind of jeans feels more fortable.题组B能力提升练I.根据句意及汉语提示补全句子1. （据说）that the sports meeting will be put off until next month.2. The plane in the past （与今天
20、的不样）.3. People living conditions improved （在 20 世名己 90 年代）.4. （不仅你而且他是）my friend.5. He has saved lots of money （以便） he can buy a new car.【答案】1. . Its said that2. is different from todays3. in 1990s4. Not only you but also he is5. so thatn.任务型阅读As we all know, the ”rice bowl culture of China has infl
21、uenced some Asian countries such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam since we started to use chopsticks while eating food.Chopsticks are usually two long thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.The most important thine is that chopsticks are a great invention ie
22、 China.Five thousand years ago people usually cooked their food in large pots, using twigs （小树枝）to remove it. the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs by people.And twigs were gradually changed into chopsticks.Some people
23、think that the famous scholar Confucius living from about 551 BC to 479 BC pushed the development of chopsticks. Confucius believed that using chopsticks instead of knives would remind people to stay away from killing and violence at table.We enjoy our delicious food with our family members or frien
24、ds while feeling the peaceful and people-loving world by using chopsticks at table anytime.1 请将处下划线的句子译成中文2 .在空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词：3 . What materials can be used to make chopsticks?4 .请将处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子5 . What is a possible title for this passage?【答案】1. 最重要是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。2. As/When/After3. Wood, bamboo,
25、 plastic, animal bone and metal.4. People could eat food in small pieces easily with twigs./People could easily eat food in small pieces with twigs.5. Chopsticks Culture/ Chopsticks/Culture of Chinese Chopsticks at table/ A great inventionchopsticksIII.阅读理解With schools closed and restrictions （限制） o
26、n public activities it can be as time with their friends difficult time for young people who suddenly cant spend and family in person.However, the situation has already to some creative ways of using technology to keep in touch with those people, from video calls and group chats （聊天） to online games
27、. Experts say that young people might find the social restrictions on seeing their friends in real life stressful, which is why technology can be helpful.Keeping relationships is very important for health, n says Dr Amanda Gummer, creator of Dr Gummefs Good Play Guide. She adds that this is more imp
28、ortant the older you get. Not maintainingthese friendships can make it more difficult for you to get back into school when the time es, she says. Chezy Kennedy, from a training program called Confident Kids, agrees. HStaying connected to those we care about is even more important now than ever befor
29、e, “ she says. We can suddenly feel quite lonely. nMessaging apps and video calls are good for checking in with friends, or organizing group chats to keep in touch. nVideo chats are a great way to keep connected with your wider friendship group, “ says Gummer.Experts agree that there are plenty of w
30、ays to be creative with video chats besides talking to friends. Gummer suggests, “A virtual （虚拟的） film and pizza night can work well. ”Sharna Jackson, an expert on young people and technology, has lots of ideas too. She suggests taking turns to teach friends something youre really good at- such as p
31、ainting and drawing, perhaps. She also thinks that online games, including Fortnite and Minecraft, can play a really good role.Its good to play together. It*s social, theres problem solving and turn. taking, and it helps you develop different skills, she says.when they cant stay with friends.B. fail
32、 to pass the examsD. refuse to go to school1. According to the passage, young people willA. be afraid of growing upC. experience a hard time2. The underlined word “maintaining probably means.D. keepingA. controllingB. endingC. checking3. The passage mentions the following ways of keeping in touch EX
33、CEPTB. playing online gamesD. teaching friends onlineB. Together with technologyD. Back to schoolA. talking to friends on the InternetC. producing online videos together4. Whats the best title for the passage?A. Away from friendsC. Alone at home【答案】1. C 解析 1 细节理解题.根据it can be a difficult time for yo
34、ung people, who suddenly cant spend time with their friends and family in person. ”可知，年轻人不能跟朋友待在一起时，他们会经历困难时期.故选C。2. D【解析】词义猜测题.controlling控制,ending结束，checking检查，keeping保持。根据前文的 nKeeping relationships is very important for health可知，此处表示“不保持这些友谊会使得返回后变得困难 ，maintain =keep”保持，故选 D。3. C 【解析】推理判断题.根据Expe
35、rts agree that there are plenty of ways to be creative with video chats besides talking to friends. ”可知，为了保持联系,可以和朋友在网上聊天，因此A项正确。根据She also thinks that online games, including Fortnite and Minecraft, can play a really good role.”可矢口， 为了保持联系可 以玩网上游戏，因止匕 B 项正确.根据Messaging apps and video calls are good
36、 for checking in with friends, or organizing group chats to keep in touch. ”可知，为了持联系，可以进行视频 或者群聊.因此C项不正确. 根据She suggests taking turns to teach friends something youre really good at- such as painting and drawing, perhaps. ”可知，为了保持联系，可以在网上教朋友一些东西，因此D项正确.故选C。4. B 【解析】标题归纳题。根据Experts say that young people might find the social restrictions on seeing their friends in real life stressful, which is why technology can be helpful. 和Messaging apps and video calls are good for checking in with friends, or organizing group chats to keep in touch.”可知, 本文是关于运用网络 技 术 使 年 轻 人 保 持 联 系， 故 选 B