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1、考研外语专家预测过关卷2一、Use of English1 Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in your (1), its best to deal with them, (2) remember that any (3) should be done (4)person or by letter. The telephone is not a good (5) becau
2、se it is too easy (6) either side to (7) theconversation.Explain to her (8)you find difficult in your relationship and then (9) some new arrangements that you think would establish a (10) balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11)from establishing such boundaries because we areafraid that doing (12
3、) implies we are (13)her. We need to remember that being (14)from our mother does not (15)mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict is (16)and you cannot find a way to (17) it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother for a while. Some of my patients had (18)trial separa
4、tions”. The (19) allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20) .C.out of charity impulseD. with something similarThe view mentioned in the third paragraph at least prevail among.A.the European UnionB.the religious establishmentC.the special adviserD.the elitesWith which of the following statements wo
5、u 1 d the author be most likely to agree?A. America* s foreign policy seems strongly influenced by religion. But that influence is much more complex than its critics suppose.B. In the world of good and evil American foreign policy is bound to be fruitless.C. The growing disparity which is created by
6、 God has been existing. But the gulf of the transatlantic alliance will be bridged.D. Religious figures have made some pretty outrageous things that could be compromised by means non-violent means.The author evidences his own notion by advancing .A. four factsB. far-fetched pretextsC. random hypothe
7、sisD. powerful preachers6 It is no longer just dirty blue-collar jobs in manufacturing that are being sucked offshore but also white-collar service jobs, which used to be considered safe from foreign competition. Telecoms charges have tumbled, allowing workers in far-flung locations to be connected
8、cheaply to customers in the developed world. This has made it possible to offshore services that were once non-tradable. Morgan Stanley，s Mr. Roach has been drawing attention to the fact that the “global labour arbitrage is moving rapidly to the better kinds of jobs. It is no longer just basic data
9、processing and call centres that are being outsourced to low-wage countries, but also software programming, medical diagnostics, engineering design, law, accounting, finance and business consulting. These can now be delivered electronically from anywhere in the world, exposing skilled white-collar w
10、orkers to greater competition.The standard retort to such arguments is that outsourcing abroad is too small to matter much. So far fewer than Im American service-sector jobs have been ost to off-shoring. Forrester Research forecasts that by 2022 a total of 3. 4m jobs in services will have moved abro
11、ad, but that is tiny compared with the 30m jobs destroyed and created in America every year. The trouble is that such studies allow only for the sorts of jobs that are already being off-shored, when in reality the proportion of jobs that can be moved will rise as IT advances and education improves i
12、n emerging economies.Alan Blinder, an economist at Princeton University, believes that most economists are underestimating the disruptive effects of off-shoring, and that in future two to three times as many service jobs will be susceptible to off-shoring as in manufacturing. This would imply that a
13、t least 30% of all jobs might be at risk. In practice the number of jobs off-shored to China or India is likely to remain fairly modest. Even so, the mere threat that they could be shifted wi11 depress wages. Moreover, says Mr. Blinder, education offers no protection. Highly skilled accountants, rad
14、iologists or computer programmers now have to compete with electronically delivered competition from abroad, whereas humble taxi drivers, janitorsand crane operators remain safe from off-shoring. This may help to explain why the real median wage of American graduates has fal len by 6% since 9000, a
15、bigger decline than in average wages. In the 1980s and early 1990s, the pay gap between low-paid, low-skilled workers and high-paid, high-skilled Workers widened significantly. But since then, according to a study by David Autor, Lawrence Katz and Melissa Kearney, in America, Britain and Germany wor
16、kers at the bottom as well as at the top have done better than those in the middle-income group. Office cleaning cannot be done by workers in India. It is the easily standardised skilled jobs in the middle, such as accounting, that are now being squeezed hardest. A study by Bradford Jensen and Lori
17、Kletzer, at the Institute for International Economics in Washington D. C. , confirms that workers in tradable services that are exposed to foreign competition tend to be more skilled than workers in non-tradable services and tradable manufacturing industries.To offshore services that were once non-t
18、radable results fromA.the blue-collar job marketB. the geographic location of the underdeveloped worldC. the fierce competition among skilled workersD.the dive of telecoms feeWhich of the following statements is the typical reply concerning off-shoring?A.Service-sector has sustained a great loss.B.
19、White-collar workers will not have a narrow escape.C. Most economists underestimated the effects of off-shoring.D. Outsourcing abroad has no significant impact.According to the text, Forrester Research Prediction might be different if .A. outsourcing abroad is large enough to matter muchB.the propor
20、tion of jobs that can be moved will riseC. more comprehensive factors are taken into accountD. education improvement in emerging economies plays a roleThe narrative of the text in the last three paragraphs concentrates on .A. the standard retort to the argumentsB. off-shoring and the resulting incom
21、eC.the future off-shoringD.the counter-measures at handWhich of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Business consulting.B.Blue-collar jobs.C. Non-tradable services.D. White-collar blues.11、 Few beyond Californias technology crowd recognise the name Larry Sonsini; none within its c
22、ircle could fail to. For four decades he has been lawyer, adviser and friend to many prominent companies and investors. Some consider him the most powerful person in Silicon Valley. Companies beg for his law firm to represent them. The 65-year-old chairman of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich Rosati (WSGR) ha
23、s suddenly been thrust into the spotlight, first, for counselling many of the technology firms now under scrutiny for backdating stock options (and in some cases, serving on their boards); and more recently, as outside counsel to Hewlett-Packard (HP), for initially defending the board，s dubious inve
24、stigative practices.WSGR boasts 600 lawyers and represents around half of Silicon Valleys public companies, including Apple, Sun Microsystems and Google. Last year it ranked first in private-equity and venture-capital deals, with nearly twice as many as its closest rival. Over the past five years WS
25、GR has worked on over 1, 000 mergers and acquisitions, collectively worth over $260 billion. The recent troubles cast a shadow over WSGRs reputation. Although Mr. Sonsini is not accused of wrongdoing himself, many of his firms clients are on the ropes. Former executives at Brocade Communications suf
26、fered criminal charges in July. Mr. Sonsini served on Brocade5 s board until last year and his firm was its outside counsel. He also was on the boards of Pixar, Echelon, Lattice Semiconductor, LSI Logic and Novell-all firms at which the issuing of stock options is being called into question.WSGR dis
27、misses the idea that Mr. Sonsini faced a conflict of interest by acting as both director and legal adviser to so many firms and says he did not advise HP in its investigation of board members. Mr. Sonsini initially said it was well done and within legal limits”. It now seems it was neither.At the be
28、ginning of the text, the author stresses .A.the public ignorance of Larry SonsiniB.the popularity of Larry SonsiniC. the failure of Californias technologyD.the public recognition of Californias technologyThe statistics in the text indicate .A.the fame of WSGRB.the notoriety of Larry SonsiniC.the boo
29、m of WSGRD.the obligation of Hewlett-PackardThe phrase on the ropes in the second sentence of the third paragraph denotes .A.under controlB. in the dangerC.on the horizonD.on the verge of. collapseThe author，s attitude toward Mr. Sonsini，s remarks is.A.scepticalB. indifferentC.biasedD.sympathicThe t
30、ext is most probably a digest concerning.A. federal imageB.corporate governanceC.economic inflationD.personnel administration16 It is not just Indian software and business-process outsourcing firms that are benefiting from the rise of the internet. Indian modern art is also on an upward spiral, driv
31、en by the aspirations of newly rich Indians, especially those living abroad, who use the internet to spot paintings and track prices at hundreds of gallery and auction websites. Prices have risen around 20-fold since 2000, particularly for prized names such as Tyeb Mehta and F. N. Souza.There would
32、have been n。 chance of that happening so fast without the internet, says Arun Vadehra, who runs a gallery in Delhi and is an adviser to Christies, an international auction house. He expects worldwide sales of Indian art, worth $200 million last year, to double in 2022. It is still a tiny fraction of
33、 the $30 billion global art market, but is sizeable for an emerging market.For newly rich often very rich-non-resident Indians, expensive art is a badge of success in a foreign land. Who you are, and what you have, are on your walls”, says Lavesh Jagasia, an art dealer in Mumbai. Indian art may also
34、 beat other forms of investment. A painting by Mr. Mehta that fetched $1. 58 millionlast September would have gone for little more than $100, 000 just four years ago. And a $22 million art-investment fund launched in July by 0sian，s, a big Indian auction house, has grown by 4. 1% in its first two mo
35、nths.Scant attention was paid to modern Indian art until the end of the 1990s. Then wealthy Indians, particularly those living abroad, began to take an interest. Dinesh Vazirani, who runs Saffronart, a leading Indian auction site, says 60% of his sales go to buyers overseas.The focus now is on six a
36、uctions this month. Two took place in India last week; work by younger artists such as Surendran Nair and Shibu Natesan beat estimates by more than 70%. Sotheby，s and Christies have auctions in New York next week, each with a Tyeb Mehta that is expected to fetch more than $1 million. The real questi
37、on is tee fate of other works, including some by Mr. Souza with estimates of up to $600, 000. If they do well, it will demonstrate that there is strong demand and will pull up prices across the board. This looks like a market with a long way to run.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that t
38、he recent rapid development of Indian modern art is closely associated with .A. relationshipB.emissionC.emulationD. interpretation2、A. andB. butC. thusD. or3、(3)A.contradictionB.estimationC.confrontationD. immersion4、(4)A. byB. forC. toD. in5、A. innovationB. manoeuvreA. economic boomB.real estateC.e
39、lectronic elementD. international actionAccording to the second paragraph, the expensive art can be seen as an ideal means of.A.triumphB.appreciationC.assessmentD. investmentWhich of the following is true according to the text?A. People attached importance to modern Indian art long before the end of
40、 1980s.B.Rich Indians, particularly those living abroad, had a strong passion for modern Indian art for ages.C. Prices at the emerging market of modern art had been climbing and then declining.D. Rich Indians did not show interest in modern Indian art until the end of the 1990s.According to the text
41、, the fortune of such works as Mr. Souzas can exert an influence on .A.the creation of modern artB.production of younger artistsC. the strong rejection of market policyD.the value of Indian modern art20、The author，s narrative in the text centers on .A. the profits brought about by a pretty pictureB.
42、 why Indian modern art is boomingC. the Success of Indian software and ,business-process outsourcing firmsD. how wealthy Indians evaluate Indian modern art21 Part B (10 points)You are going to read a list of headings and a text about unknown knowledge on AIDS. Choose the most suitable heading from t
43、he list A一F for each numbered paragraph (41一45). The first paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.A. What route does HIV take after it enters the body to destroy the immune system?B. How and when did the long-standing belief concerning AIDSan
44、d HIV crop up?C. What is the most effective anti-HIV therapy?D. How does HIV subvert the immune system?E. In the absence of a vaccine, how can HIV be stopped?F. Why does AIDS predispose infected persons to certain types of cancer and infections?In the 20 years since the first cases of AIDS were dete
45、cted, scientists say they have learned more about this viral disease than any other.Yet Peter Piot, who directs the United Nations AIDS program, and Stefano Vella of Rome, president of the International AIDS Society, and other experts say reviewing unanswered questions could prove useful as a measur
46、e of progress for AIDS and other diseases.Among the important broader scientific questions that remain: (41).A long-standing belief is that cancer cells constantly develop and are held in check by a healthy immune system. But AIDS has challenged that belief. People with AIDS are much more prone to c
47、ertain cancers like non-Hodgkins lymphomas and Kaposi, s sarcoms, but not to breast, colon and lung, the most common cancers in the United States. This pattern suggests that animpaired immune system, at least the type that occurs in AIDS, does not allow common cancers to develop.(42)When HIV is tran
48、smitted sexually, the virus must cross a tissue barrier to enter the body. How that happens is still unclear. The virus might invade directly or be carried by a series of different kinds of cells.Eventually HIV travels through lymph vessels to lymph nodes and the rest of the lymph system. But what is not known is how the virus proceeds to destroy the body* s CD-4 cells that are needed to combat invading infectious agents.(43)Although HIV kills the immune cells sent to kill the virus, there is widespread variation in the rate at which HIV infected peop