《2023年考研外语专家预测过关卷1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年考研外语专家预测过关卷1.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、考研外语专家预测过关卷1一、Use of English1、It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives, 1 about the future. These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories, 2 is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old person s recollections of the past
2、help to 3 an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile: 4 any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide 5 to the future, the individual mentions his past as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life 6 living. 7 , the memories form, part of a continuing life 8 , in which the pe
3、rson 9 the events and experiences of the-years gone by and 10 on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life.As the life cycle 11 to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending death. 12 this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost
4、 a 13 subject in the United States. The mere discussion of death is often regarded as 14 . As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are【15】 to think about it 一 and certainly notproducts to spinnersC. The domestic system is also known as the putting out system D. The word clothier is synon
5、ymous to entrepreneur in this context6、 In some ways, the United States has made spectacular progress. Fires no longer destroy 18, 000 buildings as they did in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, or kill half a town of 2, 400 people, as they did the same night in Peshtigo, Wisconsin. Other than the Beve
6、rly Hill Supper Club fire in Kentucky in 1977, it has been four decades since more than 100 Americans died in a fire.But even with such successes, the United States still has one of the worst fire death rates in the world. Safety experts say the problem is neither money nor technology, but the indif
7、ference of a country that just will not take fires seriously enough. American fire departments are some of the worlds fastest and best-equipped. They have to be. The United States has twice Japans population, and 40 times as many fires. It spends far less on preventing fires than on fighting them. A
8、nd American fire-safety lessons are aimed almost entirely at children, who die in disproportionately large numbers in fires but who, contrary to popular myth, start very few of them.Experts say the fatal error is an attitude that fires are not really anyones fault. That is not so in other countries,
9、 where both public education and the law treat fires as either a personal failing or a crime. Japan has many wood houses; of the estimated 48 fires in world history, that burned more than 10,000 buildings, Japan has had 27. Penalties for causing a severe fire by negligence can be as high as life imp
10、risonment. In the United States, most education dollars are spent in elementary schools. But the lessons are aimed at a too limited audience; just 9 percent of all fire deaths are caused by children playing with matches.The United States continues to rely more on technology than laws or social press
11、ure. There are smoke detectors in 85 percent of all homes. Some local building codes now require home sprinklers. New heaters and irons shut themselves off if they are tipped.The reason why so many Americans die in fires is that.A. They took no interest in new technologyB. they did not attach great
12、importance to preventing fires C.they showed indifference to fighting firesD.they did not spend enough money on fire facilitiesAlthough the fire death rate has declined, the UnitedStates.A. still has the worst fire death rate in the worldB. is still alert to the fire problemC. is still training a la
13、rge number of safety expertsD. is still confronted with the serious fire problemIt can be inferred from the passage that.A. fire safety lessons should be aimed at American adultsB. American children have not received enough education of fire safety lessonC.Japan is better equipped with fire faciliti
14、es than the United StatesD.Americas large population accounts for hight fire frequencyIn what aspects should the United States learn from Japan?A. Architecture and building material.B. Education and technology.C. Laws and attitude.D. All of the above.To narrow the gap between the fire death rate in
15、the UnitedStates and that in other countries, the author suggests.A. developing new technologyB. counting more on laws and social pressureC. placing a fire extinguisher in every familyD. reinforcing the safeness of household appliances11、In old days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as som
16、ething far too shocking to distract the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.Then came the first World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man s secretary became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wifes birthday and buying her presents; taking his suits
17、to the dry cleaners; telling lies on the telephone to keep people he did not wish to speak to at bay and, of course, typing and filing and taking shorthand.Now all this may be changing again. The microchip and high technology is sweeping the British office, taking with it much of the routine clerica
18、l work that secretaries did.0nce office technology takes over generally, the status of the job will rise again because it will involve only the high-powered work-and then men will want to do it again. That was said by one of the executives(male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this cou
19、ntry. What he has predicted is already under way in the US. One girl described to me a recent temporary job placing men in secretarial jobs in San Francisco. She noted that all the men she dealt with appeared to be gay so possibly that is just a new twist to the old story.Over here, though, there ar
20、e men coming onto the job market as secretaries. Classically, girls have learned shorthand and typing and gone into a company to seek their fortune from the bottomand thats what happened to John Bowman. Although he joined a national grocery chain as secretary to its first woman senior manager, he ha
21、s since been promoted to an administration job.I filled in the application form, and said I could do audio/typing, and in fact I was the only applicant. The girls were reluctant to work for this young, glamorous new woman with all this power in the firm. I did typing at school, and then a commercial
22、 course. I just thought it would be useful finding a job. I never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit Ive never met another male secretary. But then I joined the Post Office as a clerkand carelessly played with the typewriter, and wrote letters, and thought that after all secretar
23、ies were getting a good 1, 000 a year more than clerks like me. There was a shortage at that time, you see. It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody what she thought, and there was none of that stuff ring this number for me dear, which men go
24、in for. Dont forget, we were a team一thats how I about it一not boss and servant but two people doing different things for the same purpose.Once high technology has made the job of secretary less routine, will there be male takeover? Men should beware of thinking that they can walk right into the bette
25、r jobs. There are a lot of women secretaries who will do the job as well as they because they are as efficient and well trained to cope with word processors and computers, and men.Before the first World War, female secretaries were rare because they.A. wore stockingsB. were not as serious as menC. w
26、ere less efficient than menD. would have disturbed the other office workers12、A secretary in the future willA. be better paidB. have less work to doC. have higher statusD. have more work to do13、John Bowman was given his first job as a secretary becauseA. hewasluckyB. nooneelse appliedC. hehadthe be
27、st qualificationsD. hewanted to work forawoman14、When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid becaus e.A. they were in shortageB. they were better trainedC. they worked longer hoursD. they had greater responsibility15、The writer believes that before longA. men and women will compete
28、 for secretarial workB. men will take over womens jobs as secretariesC. women will operate most office machinesD. men will be better with machines16、Though it is mere 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nations wealth. This class has two segments: u
29、pper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is the old rich”families that have been wealthy for several generations一an aristocracy of birth and wealth. Their names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nation, such as
30、 the Rockefellers, Roosevelts, and Vanderbilts. Most are not visible to the general public. They live in grand seclusion, drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast, the lower-upper class is the new rich”. Although they may be wealthier than some of the old rich;
31、 the new rich have hustled to make their money like everybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to make their money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich.However its wealth is acquired,
32、the upper class is very, veryrich. They have enough money and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, painting, and sculpture. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social clubs, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind一all of w
33、hich keeps them so distant from the masses that they have been called the out-of-sight class. More than any other class, they tend to be conscious of being members of a class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and a broad, as they hold many top government positions, ru
34、n the Council on Foreigh Relations, and control multinational corporations. The actions affect the lives of millions.All the following statements are true EXCEPT that.A. the upper-upper class is of aristocratic originB. the old rich enjoy higher prestige than the new rich” C. the old rich isolate th
35、emselves and lead a lonely life D. the upper class owns at least a quarter of the countrys wealthThe old rich get richer.A. through the Social RegisterB. through their reputationC. by investing their inherited wealthD. by collecting paintings and sculpturesThe reason why the old rich look down upon
36、the new rich” is that.A. the former are wealthier than the latterB. the latter sweat themselves to make moneyC. the new rich have no interest in artsD. the old rich are conscious of being members of the upper classThe upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because.A.they keep away from th
37、e general publicB.they spend most of their time abroadC.they dont communicate with any peopleD.they move frequently from place to placeWe can learn from the passage that.A.the upper class is powerful and influentialB.the upper class collects rare books to make moneyC.the upper class holds all top go
38、vernment positionsto talk about it 16 the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo 17 only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to bean important reason for our reluctance to 18 the idea of death. It is the very fact that death remains 【19】 our control; it is almost
39、 the only one of the natural processes 20 is so.(1)A.better thanB.rather thanC. less thanD.other than2、A. soB. evenC. norD. hardly3、(3)A.preserveB.conserveC.resumeD. assume4、,Q目 2D. the old rich makes much more money than the new rich”21、 Part B (10 points)Almost every day we see something in the pa
40、pers about the latest exciting developments in the space race. Photographs are regularly flashed to the earth from thousands and even millions of miles away. They are printed in our newspapers and shown on our television screens as a visible proof of the mans newest achievements. The photographs nea
41、tly sum up the results of these massive efforts to conquer space and at the same time they exposed the absurdity of the undertaking. All we can see is an indistinguishable blob that is supposed to represent a planet seen from several thousand miles away. We are going to end up with a little moon-dus
42、t and a few stones which will be put behind glass in some museum. (41)(42)It is just an extension of the race for power on earth. Only the wealthiest nations can compete and they do so in the name of pure scientific research. But in reality, all they are interested in is power and prestige. They wan
43、t to impress us, their spectators, with a magnificent show of strength. Man has played the power game ever since he appeared on earth. Now he is playing it as it has never been played before. The space race is just another aspect of the age-old argumentthat might is right”.(43)But what has the space
44、 race done to relieve the suffering of the earths starving millions? In what way has it raised the standard of living of any one of us? As far as the layman is concerned, the practical results of all this expenditure of money and efforts are negligible. Thanks to space research, we can now see telev
45、ision pictures transmitted live halfway across the globe and the housewife can use non-stick frying pans in the kitchen. The whole thing becomes utterly absurd when you think that no matter what problems man overcomes, it is unlikely that he will ever be able to travel even to the nearest star.(44)F
46、or the first time in his history, man has the overwhelming technological resources to combat human suffering, yet he squanders them on meaningless pursuits.(45)Individuals with limited budgets usually get their priorities right; they provide themselves with necessities before trying to obtain luxuri
47、es. Why can t great nations act in the same sensible way? Let us put our house in order first and let space look after itself._A An increasing number of people even begin to picture a space travel in recent years.B Poverty, hunger, disease and war are mans greatest enemies and the world would be an
48、infinitely better place if the powerful nations devoted half as much money and effort to these problems as they do to the space race.The space race is not simply the objective search forknowledge though it isoften made out to be.D On the other hand,people benefit dramatically fromthedevelopment of scienceand technology.E This is hardly value for money when you think that our own earth can provide countless sights that are infinitely more exciting and spectacular._F We are often told that te