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1、第10练状语从句状语从句分九类:从句种类主要从属连词1时间状语从句when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever2条件状语从句if, unless3目的状语从句in order that, so that4结果状语从句so.that, such.that, so that, so5原因状语从句because, as, since6让步状语从句although, though, even though(if), while7方式状语从句as if, as though8地点状语从句where, wherever9比较状语从句than,
2、as2.状语从句用法详解时间状语从句1 .时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：when（当的时候），while （当的时候），as（当的时候），once（ 一旦），iill（ until）（一直至ij,直到才），by the time（到时）,as soon as （就）the moment（一就）.since（自从 ）.before（在前）.after（左后）2 . when, while, as均可表示当的时候when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发 生在主句的动作之前：while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点
3、，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一 后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。Ill go on with the work when / come back tomorrow.我明天回来后会继续做我的工作。When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。【详解】句意：虽然现在人们越来越多地回收利用塑料，但塑料的使用量并没有以同样的速度减少。考查从属连词辨析。since“自从”，引导时间状语从句；allhough”虽然，尽管“，引导让步状语从句；unless“除 非“，引导条件状语从句；when”当时候”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知，表示“
4、虽然现在人们越 来越多地回收利用塑料，但塑料的使用量并没有以同样的速度减少“，是让步关系，故选B。11. Jack could find the way home he was only eight years old.A. thoughB. whereC. ifD. because【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：杰克虽然只有八岁，却能找到回家的路。考查连词辨析。though 虽然；where 哪里；if 如果;because 因为。根据“Jack could find the way home.he was only eight years old”可知前后两个句子是让步关系，表示“虽然只有
5、八岁，但是可以找到回家的路“，用though 引导让步状语从句。故选A。12. The little baby understands what his mother says he cannot talk yet.A. thoughB. becauseC. unlessD. when【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这个小婴儿虽然还不会说话，但能听懂他妈妈说的话。考查连词辨析。though 虽然;because 因为；unless 除非；when 当时。根据“The little baby understands whathis mother says”以及he cannol talk yet
6、”可知，此处表示让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。13. you pul your heart into the book, you wont understand it clearly.A. UnlessB. UntilC. BecauseD. Before【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：除非你把你全部的身心放在书上，否则你就不能很清楚地理解它。考查连词辨析。unless除非；until直到；because因为；before在之前。根据题干you put your heart into the book, you wont understand it clearly”
7、,可知是条件状语从句，需用 unless 引导。故选 A。14. Please tell John to call me back as soon as he back lo (he office.A. comeB. comesC. will comeD. came【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：请告诉约翰一回到办公室就给我回电话。考查状语从句。assoonas引导时间状语从句，意为“一就如果主句用将来时、情态动词或祈使句，从句必须用一般现在时代替将来时。从句主语为he,故动词come应用第三人称单数形式，故选B。15. Toms cousin bought a lot of pres
8、ents he was travelling in France.A. ifB. whileC. althoughD. until【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：在法国旅游的时候，汤姆的表哥买了许多礼物。考杳连词。if如果；while当时；although尽管；until直到。根据语境可知，此处指的是汤姆的表 哥在法国旅游时买了很多礼物，故空格处应填意为“当时的连词，故选B。16. John missed the morning flight he forgot to set the alarm and he got up very late.A. thoughB. whenC. if
9、D. because【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：约翰错过了早上的航班，因为他忘记设闹钟，而且起得很晚。考查从属连词。though尽管，表让步；when当的时候，表时间；if如果，表条件；because因为，表原因。根据题干意“John missed the morning flight.he forgot to set the alarm and he got up very late”，可知前后是因果 关系,需用because引导原因状语从句,故选D。17. it is a rainy day, my younger brother is still having fun in
10、the park.A. AlthoughB. BeforeC. BecauseD. Until【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：虽然是下雨天，我弟弟仍然在公园里玩。考查连词辨析。Although 虽然；Before 在之前;Because 因为;Until 直到。分析”.it is a rainy day, myyounger brother is still having fun in the park.”可知，虽然天气不好,但是弟弟仍然在公园里玩,用Although 引导让步状语从句，故选A。18. Eddie had no interest in painting he met a cre
11、ative and patient art teacher one day.A. whenB. becauseC. untilD. if【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：埃迪对绘画没有兴趣，直到有一天他遇到了一位富有创造力和耐心的美术老师(才改变)。考查连词辨析。when什么时候;because因为；until直到;if如果。根据“Eddie had no interest in painting” 结合选项可推测，直到有一天埃迪遇到了一位有创新的耐心的艺术老师才对绘画有兴趣，联想到固定短语 no(not).unlil直到才故选 C。19. the students of Class 5 had
12、 failed to win the Dragon boat race several times, they didnt give up.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：虽然五班的学生几次都没能赢得龙舟比赛，但他们没有放弃。考查连词。Unless除非;Because因为;Although虽然;When当时：结合语境可知,句子之间表达的是转折关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选C。20. We need to take steps to reduce the use of plastic it is too
13、late.A. althoughB. becauseC. ifD. before【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我们需要采取措施减少塑料的使用，以免为时过晚。考查连词辨析 allhough尽管、虽然，引导让步状语从句：because因为，引导原因状语从句：if如果、是 否，引导条件状语从句或宾语从句；before在之前，引导时间状语从句。根据“We need to take steps to reduce the use of plastic .it is too late.”可知后半句为时间状语从句,即“在为时过晚之前,我们需要采取措 施减少塑料的使用“，因此before符合题意，故
14、选D。二、阅读单选Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）：Why do people travel? ”To see more of the world,n many people would say. But travelling abroad now means much more than that for the growing number of Chinese tourists. Of course it offers us good opportunities to meet people from other countries, lea
15、rn about their culture and customs.According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization （UNWTO）, Chinese people usually join large tourist groups and visit several countries in one trip. Japan, Thailand and Russia arc the most popular countries while Hong Kong is losing its shine in Chinese ey
16、es.Chinese people dont just travel fbr sightseeing. The China International Travel Service Company said that all their tour trips sold out a month before Christmas Day. Stores offered discounts （打折）during that time, so shopping in Europe and the United States is popular among Chinese travellers.In D
17、ecember, China is going through a very cold winter. So many people like to go to some countries in Southeast Asia because the weather there is quite pleasant. The improvement of living standards means more Chinese can travel abroad. But some of them dont have a sense of public manners. A report by L
18、iving Social website in March even listed Chinese as the worlds second worst tourists.If you want to change that bad name, remember to avoid the following: littering, spitting, snatching bus seats, line-jumping, talking loudly and smoking in non-smoking areas. Besides, we should learn some necessary
19、 manners of foreign countries.21. Chinese people travel abroad to.A. go shopping B. see more of the worldC. go sightseeing D. A. B and C22. According to the UNWTO,.A. many Chinese people would like to pay a visit to JapanB. Chinese people dont like visiting several countries in one tripC. Chinese pe
20、ople usually travel in small groupsD. more and more Chinese people enjoy travelling to Hong Kong23. Why do Chinese travellers like to go to Europe and the USA for shopping?A. Because they can visit several countries in one trip.B. Because they can meet people from other countries.C. Because they can
21、 learn about their culture and customs.D. Because stores offer discounts during Christmas.24. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Some Chinese tourists dont have a sense of public manners.B. Many Chinese like to go to Southeast Asia in winter for shopping.C. More and more Chinese people can travel
22、 abroad now.D. A report listed Chinese as the second worst tourists in the world.25. As a good tourist, you should.A. litter and spit here and thereB. jump the lineC. learn some manners of foreign countriesD. speak loudly26. The passage is probably from a/an.A. storybookB. instruction book C. magazi
23、neD. novel【答案】2i. D22. A23. D24. B25. C26. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国人为什么去国外旅游以及建议中国人学习一些必要的外国礼仪。细节理解题。根据“To see more of the world,“ many people would say.； Chinese people dont just travel for sightseeing.”以及“so shopping in Europe and the United States is popular among Chinese travellers”可知，中国去 国外旅游是
24、为了看更多的世界，观光以及购物。故选D。细节理解题。根据“Japan, Thailand and Russia are the most popular countries”可知，H本、泰国和俄罗斯是最 受欢迎的国家。故选A。细节理解题。根据“Stores offered discounts（打折）during that time, so shopping in Europe and the United States is popular among Chinese travellers.”可知，在圣诞期间，商店提供折扣。故选D。细节理解题。根据“So many people like to
25、 go to some countries in Southeast Asia because （he weather there is quite pleasant.”可知，很多人喜欢去东南亚的一些国家，因为那里的天气很宜人，而不是为了购物。故选B。 25.细节理解题。根据“Besides, we should learn some necessary manners of foreign countries.“可知，我们应该学习 一些必要的外国礼仪。故选C。26.推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了与旅游相关的话题，因此这篇文章可能来源于杂志。故选C。When he was eating
26、his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（强调吃饭的时候）。While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（强调吃饭的过程中）While I was studying, you fell asleep.当我学习的时候，你睡着了。Just as he was speaking, there was a loud explosion.正当他要说话时，传来很大的爆炸声。As I was going out, it began to rain.（强调两个动作先后发生）As spri
27、ng warms the good earth all flowers begin to bloom, （as 有“随着的含义）3. till / until,表示“一直到”，主从句都用肯定式；表示“直到才“，主句否定，从句肯定。He worked until it was dark.他一直工作至lj天黑。He did not get up till his mother came in.一直到母亲进来他才起床。4. once“一旦”,by the time到时”。Once you see her, you will find what I said is true.一旦你见到她就会发现我说的
28、是对的。Once （it is） published, this book will be very popular.一旦出版,这本书会大受欢迎。by the time+现在时，主句用将来完成时。By the time he arrives, we will already have left here.等他到达时，我们将已离开这儿了。by the time+ 一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到达的时候我们早已离开这儿了。5. as soon as, the moment表示从句动作一发生,主句动
29、作随即发生,通常译为“一就。As soon as I finish （he work. Ill go to see you.我一完成工作就会来看你。I shall come as soon as Ive finished my supper.我一吃完晚饭就来。She came to the scene the moment she heard the news.她一听到消息就来到现场。6. since自从“，before”在前“，aRer”在后“，It was not long before 意为不久”。since引导从句用非延续性动词或“过去时间点”或“过去时间段+ago”，主句用完成时态。
30、Since he graduated, he has worked in this city.他毕业后一宜在这个城市工作。I havent seen him since last year/ three years ago.去年以来/3 年来,我没见过他。He handed in his p叩er before the bell rang.他在铃响前交了 卷子。It was not long before he came back.不久他就回来了。I wrote back to him three days after I got his letter.我接到他信 3 天后就给他回信 了。条件
31、状语从句 【经典剖析】1 .条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if 如果；unless 除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要2 .表示正面的条件用i俨如果If you dont look after young trees, （hey will die very quickly.如果你不好好照看小树苗，它们就会很快死去。If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people wont be able to visit it.如果进入博物馆要收费，许多人就参 观不成了。3 .表示否定的
32、条件用unless（二if. not）”除非，如果不I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight.我不会去看电影，除非我能在 8 点前完 成作业。说明：if.not常可以用unless替代。If you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam.You will fail in the exam unless you study hard.4 .表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that”条件是，as long as 只要You may
33、 go swimming on condition that you dont swim （oo far away from the river bank.你可以去游泳，条件是你不能游得离河岸太远。As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed.只要你继续尝试就一定能成功。因此，我们不能说：As long as you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam.5 .祈使结构表条件。前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时 也用一般现在时
34、。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。1）祈使句（，）+and/then+简单句 =if 从句（否定式）+主句Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）给我一个支点,我便能掀动地球。=If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth.One more word, and Ill turn you out.你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。=If you speak one more word. I will tum you out.Use your head, t
35、hen youll find a way.动动脑子你就能找到办法。=If you use your head, youll find a way.2）|祈使句（,）+or+简单句卜Rif从句（否定式）+主语Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam.如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。=If you dont work harder, you will never pass the exam.Slop telling lies, or you will be punished.如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。=If you dont st
36、op telling lies, you will be punished.原因状语从句和地点状语从句I.原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：| because, for, since, as, now ihal | because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why,语气最强。He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺席，因为他病了。I didnt go out because I was busy with homework.我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时bec
37、ause of=for（介词）。We wont be able to come because of the weather.由于天气的原因，我们来不 了。She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital.她因为待在医院，显得好多了。2） since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由（如果从句表示的原因 不是确定的事实，就不能用since,通常用because）oSince you are going, I will go too.既然你要走,我也走了Since you are ill, Ill
38、 go alone.由于你病 了，我就一个人走 了。3） as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.由于正在下雪,我们就不去公园了。He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake.他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。4） now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况， 而now that表示现在才发生的情况
39、。Now that it has stopped raining, lets start at once.既然现在雨停 了，咱们马上开始吧！Now that you have come, you may as well stay.既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。2.地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有：| where, wherever, anywhere, cvcrywhciPut it where you can see it.把它放在你看得见的地方。Ill find him. wherever he is.不管他在哪里我都要找到他。You should put the book where
40、 it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。Wherever you go, you should do your work well.不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。You cant camp anywhcrc/whcrc/ wherever you like.你不能想在哪里安营就在哪里安营。让步状语从句1. 引导让步状语从句的连词有：although, while, even (hough, even if, whether. (or not), 用 no matler 十 wh-/how 弓卜导2. although / though虽然Although I didnt know anybod
41、y at the party, I had a very good time.虽然晚会上的客人我一个也不认识，但 我玩得很愉快。注意“although.but”是个典型的错误，因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although连用。但是,although 可与yet, still连用，因为yet, still是副词，它可使前后关系更明确。3. while意为然而1) while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiel.汤姆性格外向，而简却腼腆安静。While I was reading,
42、 he was playing.我在读书,而他在玩。2) while意为“虽然，尽管，同although,此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。While she liked cats0 she never let them come into her room.虽然她喜欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。4. even if“即使”(if后陈述的是假设)；even though“尽管” (though后陈述的是事实)。Im going (o apply for the job, even if it pays very little.即使报酬不高,我也要去申请那份工作。He is an hones
43、t man, I say, even though I have opposed him.我说他是个诚实的人，尽管我反对过他。5. whether.(ornot)”无论是或是Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing.无论是否下雨，我都要外出游玩。Whether wc win or lose, wc arc going to do our best.无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努力。注意whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；whether作“是否”解时则不能。They,ll go out whether it rains or
44、not tomorrow.无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow?你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？6. 用no matter+ wh- / how的词引导,意为“无论no matter who 无论谁，no matter which 无论哪一，no matter what 无论什么，no matter when 无论何时，no matter where 无论哪里，no matter how 无论怎样No matter who you are, you must obey the law.无论你是谁，你都
45、应当遵纪守法。No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member.无论你在哪里，你都应当记住你是一 个团员。h has the same result no matter which way you do it.无论用什么方法来做，结果都一样。No matter what happens, well never lose heart.不管发生什么，我们永远不会灰心。You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see hi
46、m.无论什么时候你去看他，总会发现他坐在桌边工作。No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming.无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。目的、结果、比较状语从句【经典剖析】1 .引导目的状语从句的连词有：in order ihat目的是为了，so that,以便以in order that, so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may, might加动词构成,也可用can/ could或will / would加动词构成。He works hard in order that he can serve his country well.他努力工作
47、,目的是为了能更好地为国家服务。They started early so that they might arrive in lime.他们很早出发，以便按时到达。注意“for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。Write it in simple English to make（不能用 for making） everybody understand.为了能让每个人都理解，请用 简单的英语写。Better get up early for the early train.为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。2 .引导结果状语从句的词：sothat以致，sothat如此以致，suchthat如此以致He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost.他做了 个错误的决定，以至于他丢失 了一半 的财产。The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.这个箱子是如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。It is such a