压轴题05 动词的时态(解析版)-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练(江苏专用).docx

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1、压轴题05动词的时态考向一:九种时态的基本用法考向二:特种语言环境中动词时态的用法考向三:特定的时间状语中时态的使用,压轴题要颁时态的特殊用法需要结合相关的语法知识点理解,比如时间状语从句和条件状语从句 中的从句部分常用一般时态代替将来时,另外在一些位移性动词中常用进行时表示眼下将要发生的动作,如go、come等。时态基本结构及时间标志词常见用法及例句般 现 在 时结构主语+am/is/are主语+动词原形/动词单三形式(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表 频度的时间状语连用。My mother often does housework.我妈妈经常做家务。(2)描述现在的情况、状

2、态等。He speaks Russian very well.他讲俄语讲得很好。(3)描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播得快。(4)在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中,若 主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示将来。ril ring you up if he comes back tomorrow.如果他明天 回来,我就给你打电话。4. go, come, leave, arrive等瞬间动词常用 般现在时 表示计划、安排好的将要发生的动作。The train for Beijing leaves at 5:

3、 30.开往北京的火车5: 30离开。标 志 词1 .频度副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, hardly2 .频率词组:once a year, twice a month, three times a day等3 .其他词组:in the morning, on Sundays, at weekends, everyday/year.般 过 去 时结构主语+was/ were主语+动词过去式1 .表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 通常与 yesterday, last year, in 1976, a few

4、 months ago 等 表不过去的时间状语连用。I met him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到他了。2 .表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。标 志 词1. ago系列2. yesterday、 last 及 yesterday last 系列3. just now, in the past, in14. B【详解】句意:该公司宣布,由于越来越多的人选择阅读电子书,明年将关闭三分之一的书 店。考查时态。close关闭;open打开;根据announced”可知,从句要用过去的某种事态,排除 A/C选项;根据“as more people chos

5、e to read e-books.”可知,此处指的是关闭三分之一的书店, 故选B。15. A【详解】句意:纪录片中国之旅非常精彩。我这学期已经看过许多次了。考查时态。根据“Iit many times this term.可知,我已经看过这部纪录片许多次了,所以知 道它非常精彩,应使用现在完成时态表示影响,结构为:have/has+动词的过去分词。故选A。 16. D【详解】句意:当我去客厅和贝蒂道别时,她正在弹钢琴。考查动词时态。根据When I went to say goodbye to Betty in the living room J 可知,此处是指 过去的某一时刻正发生的动作,

6、用过去进行时was/were doing,主语是she, be用was。故 选D。17. C【详解】句意:我可以借你新买的书吗? 我恐怕不能。我只看了一半,我打算这个 周末把它看完。考查动词时态。根据Im afraid no俨及“only half of it”可知,“只看了一半”对现在造成的影响 就是不能借给对方,所以用现在完成时结构,故选C。18. B【详解】句意:看来你叔叔对这个小镇很熟悉。桑迪。对吧!他在2010年代在这 里当了 5年警察。考查动词时态。根据in the 2010s”可知,“当了 5年警察”是发生在过去,所以该句使用一般 过去时,谓语动词使用动词过去式,故选B。19.

7、D【详解】句意:你觉得这个储物盒大小怎么样? 对不起,你说了什么?我刚在想别 的事情。考查谓语动词时态。根据but what did you say”可知,询问对方刚才说了什么,因此刚才对 方在说话时,“我”正在想别的事,Iabout something else.”应用过去进行时,谓语结构是 was/were doingo故选 Do 20. D【详解】句意:不好意思,你能告诉我这采访已经开始多久了吗? 从十分钟前就已 经开始了。考查宾语从句。结合题干,可知空处应填入宾语从句,宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,而选 项A和C均为疑问句语序,因此排除选项A和C;根据答句“Since ten minut

8、es ago.”可知, 该从句应以how long来引导,且时态应是现在完成时,选项B是一般过去时,因此排除选 项B。故选D。21. C【详解】句意:汤姆,你爬过黄山吗? 爬过,去年我在那里待了几天,两次登顶。 考查动词时态。根据last year”可知,事情发生在过去,应为一般过去时。故选C。22. D【详解】句意:即将到来的五一假期你会做什么? 什么?对不起。我在想别的事 情。考查过去进行时。根据Pardon? Im sorry. I.about something else.”可知,这里指过去正在发 生的事情,因此用过去进行时。故选D。23. A【详解】句意:昨晚不仅西蒙的车,而且他朋友

9、的车也抛锚了吗?考查助动词的用法和一般过去时的一般疑问句。did做,干,办某事,助动词(d。的过去式); break down (机器或车辆)发生故障,出毛病,break的过去式为broke; is是,be动词的第 三人称单数现在时形式;was是,be的第一和第三人称单数过去式;were是,be的过去时 复数和第二人称单数形式;break down是实义动词短语,根据时间状语“last nighr可知,句 子应是一般过去时,动词是实义动词,故疑问句的助动词应是did,同时句子变疑问,动词 要恢复原形。故选A。24. B【详解】句意:你决定什么时候和父母一起去北京了吗?是的。我将在八月去那里。

10、考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除C;根据“I will go there in August”可知 此处询问将来的时间,用when引导宾语从句,且从句中用一般将来时will do。故选B。25. C【详解】句意:爸爸答应他今晚带我们去看流浪地球2。但是他在哪里? 或许 他忘了。让我们问问他。考查动词的时态。根据this evening”可知,句子用一般将来时;根据“Dad promised that 可知,宾语从句中用过去将来时would do。故选C。26. A【详解】句意:中国的C919飞机收到超过一千个来自国内外的订单。真棒!更多 C919飞机将很快被使用。考查时态。根据G

11、reat! More C919 aircraft will be in use soon,”可知上文1000个订单已经完成, 用现在完成时。故选A。27. A【详解】句意:你父亲从苏州回来了吗? 对。他今天下午到家了。他在苏州待了两 天。考查时态。根据He arrived home this afternoon. He . in Suzhou for two days.”可知,他在苏州 待了两天,句子描述的事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故选A。28. A【详解】句意:韩梅可以在这么多学生面前发表演讲。但她过去是个害羞的女孩。 英语口语比赛一等奖有助于增强她的信心。考查动词短语以及名词辨析。

12、used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to do被用来做某事; be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;confidence 自信;interest 兴趣;knowledge 矢口识;experience 经验。根据But shea shy girl可知转折词后表示她过去很害羞,用used to do,排除BD;根据The first prize in the English speaking competition helps increase her”可知获奖能增加她 的信心。故选A。29. A【详解】句意:姜堰美术馆已经开放了大约两年。它在青少年中

13、非常受欢迎。考查延续性和非延续性动词。根据“for about two years”可知有两年了,应用现在完成时且用 延续性动词,叩en表示“开放的”,是形容词,叩ened表示“打开”,是动词的过去分词,句 中应用open表示开放的“,形容词须在be后充当表语。故选A。30. A【详解】句意:当他走过桌子时,大约三分之二的咖啡倒在了他的衬衫上。他真倒霉! 考查分数的表示以及动词时态。分数的结构为“基数词+序数词”,分子为基数词,分母为序 数词,分子大于一时,分母的序数词需要变复数,排除B、D; while引导的时间状语从句, 表示动作正在进行,时态用过去进行时。故选A。31. A【详解】句意:

14、Sandy去年在中国去了很多名胜古迹,并且现在她仍然想要去更多的地方。 考查时态。根据last year”可知时态是一般过去时,故选A。32. C【详解】句意:我父母在天津出差整整一周了。所以这些天我和我叔叔住在一起。考查短语辨析。have been to曾去过某地;have gone to已经去了某地;have been in待在某地; have been away已经离开某地。根据So I live with my uncle these days”可知,父母现在在天 津出差,故排除选项A和D。根据“for a whole week”可知,此处表示一段时间,不能用瞬间 动词,故排除B。故选

15、C。33. A【详解】句意: 你今年去过北京几次? 三次。考查动词时态。根据How many times”以及“Three times.”可知本句为现在完成口寸,排除BD 选项;have been to”去过某地且已经回来了; have gone to.去了某地还没有回来”。根据 答句“Three times.何以推测已经回来了,排除C。故选A。34. D【详解】句意:如果明天下大雨的话我们就不会去沙湖了。考查时态。根据“if可知,这里是“if引导的条件状语从句,考查主将从现,所以从句用一般 现在时。故选D。35. D【详解】句意:你听过两只叫如意和丁丁的熊猫吗? 听过。它们已经是莫斯科动物

16、园四年的明星了。考查时态。根据时间状语“forfouryears”可知此题是现在完成时。“for+时间”的句子中用延续 性动词,become是非延续性动词。故选D。36. A【详解】句意:你明天能交作文吗? 如果再给我一天时间,我就能做到。考查条件状语从句和被动语态。空格处为if引导的条件状语从句,时态上遵循“主将从现”, 所以从句用一般现在时,排除选项C和D;又因为从句主语和谓语give之间是被动关系, 所以应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语为I, be动词用 am,故选A。37. A【详解】句意:吴先生,我好久没见到你了。是的。我在新疆做了半年的志

17、愿者。 我昨天回来的。考查一般过去时。根据力came back yesterday.”可知,作者已从新疆回来了,因此做志愿者是 过去发生的事,故选A。38. C【详解】句意:宿迁的空气比以前新鲜多了。确实不错!这些年来我们种了大量的 树。考查现在完成时态。根据over the years”可知,句子时态是现在完成时态,故选C。39. D【详解】句意:神舟十四号三人团队于2022年12月回国。你知道它是什么时候被送到天宫 空间站的吗?考查宾语从句。宾语从句是陈述语序,排除B;主现从不限,结合“The three-person team of Shenzhou-14 returned home i

18、n December, 2022.”可知从句用一般过去时,排除 AC。故选 D。40. B【详解】句意: 我想知道我是否可以多问一些关于你今天早上提到的那本书的事情, 肖恩小姐。当然,问吧。考查动词时态。根据this morning”可知是指早上提到的事情,应用一般过去时,故选B。41. C【详解】句意:有智力残疾的卢宏说,为了帮助残疾人他将在未来提供更多的工作。考查过去将来时。句子含宾语从句,根据其主句谓语动词said可知,从句应用过去的相应 时态,由“in the future”可知此处时态应用过去将来时,其谓语结构为“would+do”,故选C。 42. B【详解】句意:在过去几年中,中

19、国的新冠疫苗已经到达许多其他国家。考查谓语动词时态。根据Over the past few years”可知在过去几年,应用现在完成时。故选 Bo43. B【详解】句意:我认为会有越来越多的人跟随刘阱宏在网上锻炼。我同意。让我们 从现在开始。考查there be句型的一般将来时。此处是there be句型,不能与have或has 一起连用,排除 C和D选项。结合主语people可知,be动词用are而不是is,排除A选项,故选B。44. C【详解】句意:你要去哪儿? 我想和妈妈一起去购物,但现在我改变了主意。考查动词时态。根据but now I have changed my mind.”可知

20、,现在改变了想法,因此想和妈 妈一起去购物是在过去想的,故此处用一般过去时,动词使用过去式thought。故选C。45. B【详解】句意:网上为老人的手术筹集了很多钱。是的,但是药费涨了很多,所以 我们还需要再给他筹集一些。考查动词辨析,时态和语态。raise筹集;rise上升。根据“A lot of money”可知,表示“筹钱”, 排除C;与动词raise之间是动宾关系,第一空用被动语态,排除A。再由“but the medicine costa lot, so we still need to get more for him”可知,过去医药费上涨,应用动词rise,并对现 在造成了影响

21、“需要再筹集一些钱”,所以第二空用现在完成时。故选B。46. A【详解】句意:他全身心投入的事业使他被全世界的人所铭记。考查谓语动词和非谓语动词。分析题干可知,第一空前是定语从句,“he devoted himself to” 是从句部分,修饰先行词career,表示“全身心投入的事业”,所以第一空应填谓语动词,结 合“devoted”可知应用一般过去时,动词用过去式made;第二空结合make和空后的by可知, 此处是make sb done使某人被) 所以第二空应填过去分词作宾语补足语,故选A。47. D【详解】句意:好大的雨啊!什么时候开始下的? 今天早上6点钟的时候开始的。 那时候我正

22、在开车去办公室的路上。考查时态。根据at about six thirty this morning.”可知,这里是描述过去正在发生的事情,所 以是过去进行时。故选D。48. D【详解】句意:你能告诉我你什么时候到吗? 下周五5:45。考查宾语从句。根据答语“At 5:45 next Friday.”可知,对将来时间提问,此处用现在进行时表 将来。故选D。49. C【详解】句意:赵老师,我能借本鲁滨逊漂流记吗? 当然,这本书非常有趣, 但是你只能借一个星期。考查动词辨析。borrow借来;lend借出;keep保留。根据句意可知,第一个空表示“借本鲁 滨逊漂流记“,为借来,故应用borrow;

23、根据“for a week”可知第二个空表达“可以借一周”, 即“保留一周、且borrow与keep为结束性动词,不能与延续的时间状语连用,故应用keep。 故选C。50. D【详解】句意:昨天我放学回家时,我姐姐正要出去吃晚饭,所以她邀请我和她一起去。考查过去进行时的特殊用法。根据“Yesterday when I got home from school、so she invited me to join he1和选项动词“go”可知,此处应用过去进行时表示从过去某个时刻看将要发生的动 作,其谓语结构为:was/were+现在分词。故选D。1920 等4. at the age of.,

24、used to.5. one day, long long ago, once upon a time, at that time通常与often, usually, seldom等表示频率的副词连用, 但这种用法是以一个过去时间为前提的。He often went to school by bus last term.上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。般 将 来 时结构主语+will+动词原形主语+be going to +动词原 形主语+be+doing (go, come leave, stay, start, begin 等)1.表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状 态。常与 tom

25、orrow, soon, later, next time, in+一段时间 等连用。Ill start tomorrow.我明天动身。2.6Cbe going to +动词原形”用于表示主观上打算将来耍 做某事,这种打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要 发生或肯定要发生的事情。Fm going to Beijing tomorrow.我打算明天去北京。3 .“be +doing”表示按计划安排好的事情,常与少量表 示位置移动的动词,如go, come, start, move, leave等 连用 o Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow.我明天要动身 去北京。4 .

26、在表示车、船、飞机等的进出时间时,可以用一般 现在时表示将来。My plane takes off at 6: 30 am.我乘坐的飞机将在早上 6: 30起飞。标 志 词1. tomorrow, soon, tonight2. next week/ month.(next 系列)3. in a week, in+未来年份 in+一段时间4. one day, in the (near) future现 在 进 行 时结构主语+am/is/are+V-ing 形式1 .表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。一 What are you doing? 一I am doing my homework.2 .

27、表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。I am writing a novel recently.3 . go, leave, arrive, start等动词用现在进行时表将来。 Im leaving tonight. I have got my plane ticket.标 志 词1. now, right now2. at present, at this time, at the moment3. these days4. when, while5. look, listen过 夫 进 行 时结构主语+was/were+V-ing 形式1 .表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的

28、动作,或用另一动作来表示过去的时间。一 What was he doing at 9:00 yesterday morning? 一 He was having breakfast.2 .过去进行时常和always等时间副词连用,表示过去 频繁发生的习惯性动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定 的感情色彩。 He was forever complaining about标 志 词1. then2. at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday3. when/while引导的表小过去时间的状语从句something.结构主语+has/ha

29、ve+动 词过去分词1.表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的某一动作对现现1. already, ever, never, just, yet, still2. recently, lately, so fa, up在造成的影响或结果。 Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have.2.表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许还在 完标to/ till now3. in the past/ last three要持续下去,常和for, since连用,表示持续的动作或成志years/.状态。They have lived here for twenty

30、years.时词4. since 1998, since+时间3.特殊用法:点5. since +时间段+ ago6. since+从句(过去时)7. for +时间段have/has gone to 去而未归 have/has been to 去而复返 have/has been in 仍在某地压轴题施喷1. (2022江苏淮安统考中考真题)一I called you at 3 p.m. yesterday, but you didnt answer.一I an experiment on Chemistry in the school lab.A. was doingB. am doing

31、C. didD. do2. (2022江苏盐城统考中考真题)Milliea lot about sea-salt culture since she came toYancheng.A. learnsB. learnedC. will learnD. has learned3. (2022江苏南通统考中考真题)Mike, why do you come here so late? The concert since half an hour ago.What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.A. has endedB. has been

32、on C. has startedD. has been over4. (2022江苏南通统考中考真题)一Miss Hu, I havent seen you for a long time.一Yes. I as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back yesterday.A. workedB. am working C. have worked D. work5. (2022江苏镇江统考中考真题)一You look tired!一My husband football matches all night. That was

33、 too noisy!A. watchesB. has watched C. was watching D. will watch6. (2022江苏泰州统考中考真题)COVID-19(新冠肺炎) the world, and many peoples life changes a lot.A. influencedB. is influencing C. is influenced D. was influenced7(2022.江苏无锡统考中考真题)The chief engineer announced that they a space labon the space station

34、around the end of 2022.A. have builtB. had builtC. will buildD. would build8. (2022江苏徐州统考中考真题)一Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.一Oh, I didnt know. When?A. has he leftB. was he leaving C. did he leave D. will he leave9. (2022江苏常人l、|.统考中考真题)一Why didnt you open the door for me, Jim?一I clothes in

35、the bathroom. I didnt hear the knock.A. am washing B. have washed C. was washing D. washed10. (2022江苏宿迁统考中考真题)一Andy, what were you doing at this time yesterday afternoon?一I the film The Battle at Lake Changjin with my sister.A. watchB. watchedC. was watching D. am watching11. (2021 江苏淮安统考中考真题)一Here

36、comes the bus. Is everyone here?一No. Sam a meeting in the school hall now.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. is having12. (2021江苏徐州统考中考真题)In my school days, I a lot of reading in Englishevery day. That was how I learned English at that time.A. doB. didC. have doneD. will do13. (2021 江苏镇江统考中考真题)In the past

37、40 years, Zhang Guimei many girlsfrom poor areas in Yunnan.A. helpedB. is helpingC. has helpedD. will help14. (2021 江苏无锡统考中考真题)The company announced it one third of its bookstores the next year as more people chose to read e-books.A. will closeB. would close C. will openD. would open15. (2023江苏连云港统考

38、一模)The documentary Journeys in China is very wonderful. I it many times this term.A. have watched B. will watchC. watchedD. watch16. (2023江苏淮安统考一模)When I went to say goodbye to Betty in the living room, she the piano.A. playsB. is playingC. playedD. was playing17. (2023江苏扬州统考一模)一May I borrow your ne

39、w-bought book?Im afraid not. I only half of it, and Ill try to finish it this weekend.A. readB. am reading C. have readD. will read18. (2023江苏常州统考一模)一It seems that your uncle knows the small town very well.Sandy.Right! He here as a policeman for five years in the 2010s.A. worksB. workedC. has worked

40、D. is working19. (2023江苏扬州统考一模)一What do you think of the size of the storage box?一Sorry, but what did you say? I about something else.A. thinkB. thoughtC. am thinking D. was thinking20. (2023江苏扬州统考一模)一Excuse me, could you tell me?一Since ten minutes ago.A. when did the interview beginB. when the inte

41、rview beganC. how long has the interview begunD. how long the interview has been on21. (2023.江苏苏;H|.统考一模)一Have you ever climbed Mount Huang, Tom?一Yes, I there for several days last year and reached the top twice.A. were staying B. stayC. stayedD. have stayed22. (2023江苏盐城统考一模)一What will you do for th

42、e coming May Day holiday?一Pardon? Im sorry. I about something else.A. thinkB. thoughtC. am thinking D. was thinking23. (2022江苏苏舛|校考一模)not only Simon s car but also his friends9 cars last night?A. Did; break down B. Was; broke down C. Is; broke down D. Were; break down24. (2023江苏南通统考一模)一 Have you dec

43、ided?Yes. I will go there in August.A. how you will go to Beijing this summer holidayB. when you will go to Beijing with your parentsC. how would you go to Beijing this summer holidayD. when you would go to Beijing with your parents25. (2023江苏无锡统考一模)一 Dad promised that he us to watch Wandering Earth

44、/this evening. But wheres he?一 Maybe he forgot. Lets ask him.A. tookB. will takeC. would take D. has taken26. (2023江苏南京统考一模)一Chinas C919 aircraftover 1,000 orders from homeand abroad.一Great! More C919 aircraft will be in use soon.A. has received B. will receive C. receivesD. received27. (2023-江苏扬州校联

45、考一模)一Is your father back from Suzhou?一Yes. He arrived home this afternoon. He in Suzhou for two days.A. stayedB. will stayC. has stayedD. stays28. (2023.江苏泰州统考一模)一Han Mei can make a speech in front of so many students. But she a shy girl.一The first prize in the English speaking competition helps inc

46、rease her.A. used to be; confidenceB. is used to be; interestC. used to be; knowledgeD. is used to being; experience29. (2023江苏泰州统考一模)Jiangyan Art Museum for about two years. It is verypopular among teenagers.A. has been open B. has opened C. has openD. has been opened30. (2023江苏泰州统考一模)Aboutof the coffee was poured onto his shirt while hepast the table. How unlucky he was!A. two-thirds; was walkingB. two-third; was walkingC. two-thirds; walkedD. two-third; walked31. (2023江苏泰州统考一模)Sandymany places of interest in China last year, andshe still wan

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