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1、（外研版选修8）高三英语一轮单元复习教案：Module 1Deep South学问详解adapt v. 使适应；改编，改写（回来课本 P2）Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.但南极洲仍旧栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。13【归纳总结】【例句探源】Young kids often adapt themselves quickly to a new environment.小孩子往往很快就能适应新环境。Everyone needs to do some
2、thing to adapt to the social and economical changes.每个人都要实行措施来适应社会经济的改变。Many of Dickens books have been adapted as films.狄更斯的很多书都已改编成电影。【即境活用】1. When they moved to Canada, the children the surroundings very well.A adapted toB. adopt toC. used toD. attempted to解析：选A。adapt to适应（新环境等）；adopt接受；used to过去
3、常常；attempt to试图，尝试。依据句意，选择A。2.完成句子How do these insects?这些昆虫怎样使自己适应新的环境？答案：adapt themselves to new environmentsbalance v.（使）平衡；（使）平稳；权衡，比较n.平衡，均衡；天平（回来课本 P3）But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the nor
4、th.但是2023多年以前，希腊的地理学家认为地球南边有一块陆地与北边的陆地保持平衡。【归纳总结】【例句探源】The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects.这所学校在时间支配上力争做到文理并重。He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall.他在墙头上用胳膊保持平衡。（3）If humans continue to destroy the forest, they will break the balance of nat
5、ure.假如人类接着破坏森林，他们将打破生态平衡。Tourists often disturb the delicate balance of nature on the island.观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。（牛津 P135）The programme presented a balanced view of the two sides of the conflict.节目公允地反映了冲突双方的状况。【即境活用】3. The reason for his was illness, but everyone knew hed gone to a football match.A.
6、 absenceB. emergencyC. balanceD. isolation解析：选A。句意：他称病缺席，但谁都知道他是去看足球竞赛了。absence缺席；emergency 紧急状况；balance平衡；isolation孤立。由题意可知，A项正确。4.完成句子The girland fell off the balance beam.小女孩失去了平衡，从平衡木上摔了下来。答案：lost her balanceabsence n. 缺乏；没有；缺席（回来课本Pl DSunrise and sunset come once every six months, and in the wi
7、nter the total absenceof daylight can be tiresome, and for some, depressing.日出和日落每6个月才有一次，冬季完全不见日光会令人厌倦，对有些人来说令人懊丧。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Ms.Leighton will be in charge during my absence.我不在时，由莱顿女士负责。I soon noticed his absence from the lecture.我很快察觉到他缺课了。（朗文 P6）In the absence of a complete ban on smoking, emplo
8、yers should provide a separate place for smokers.由于没有完全禁烟，雇主应当为吸烟者供应单独的场所。Chen Shuibian was absent from the court because of his bad condition.因为他身体状况不好， 陈水扁没有出庭。【即境活用】5 . In theof evidence, the police could not take action against the man.A. lackB. absenceC. shortage rD. failure解析:选B。考查名词辨析。in the
9、absence of“缺乏”的意思。句意为“由于缺乏证据，警察无法对这个人实行行动。”discourage v. 阻挡，制止；使泄气，使灰心，打消的念头（回来课本 P11）We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas.除了在特定区域，我们劝你不要吸烟。【归纳总结】【例句探源】The government will take measures to discourage the use of cars in cities.政府将实行限制在城市运用汽车的措施。（牛津 P568）Learners can feel very disco
10、uraged if an exercise is too difficult.假如练习太难，学习者就可能感到很没信念。（牛津 P568）His parents tried to discourage him from being an acto匚他的父母试图阻挡他当演 员。The unfavorable reviews of his fi.rst novel were a great discouragerment to him.他第一本小说所得的不利评论令他极其垂头丧气。【即境活用】6 . It isthat so many young athletes are coming into th
11、e team.A. encouraging B. discouragingC encouragedD. discouraged解析：选A。句意为“这么多年轻运动员进入到队伍中真鼓舞人心。”7 .All the employees except the manager to work online at home.A. encouragesB. encourageC. is encouragedD. are encouraged解析：选Do考查动词的一般现在时与语态问题以及主谓一样原则。主语为all the employees, 而except the manager为介词短语，不影响主语与谓语
12、关系，即谓语动词应用复数形式，解 除A项和C项；又因all the employees与encourage之间为被动关系，故选D项。promote vt.促进；增进；晋升，使升级；促销；推销（回来课本 P3）In particular, it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste； to promote international scientific projects； and to end arguments about who owns the land. 该条约尤其致力于爱护南极洲不受
13、核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推动国际科研项目，并且 终止那些关于这片土地全部权的争辩。【归纳总结】【例句探源】The government is committed to promote the development and use of public transport.政府致力于提倡公共交通的发展和运用。They often have a talk to each other to promote understanding.他们常常相互交谈以增进了解。Our English teacher has been promoted to headmaster.我们的英语老师已被提升为校长了。
14、We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new products.我们发动了一场大张旗鼓的广告宣扬，旨在推销我们的新产品。【即境活用】8 .（厦门模拟）The general manager declared that whoever performed well would be to ahigher position.A. evolvedB. promotedC. dominated rD. allocated解析：选B。句意为：“总经理宣布谁表现精彩仔细就会被晋升更高的职位。”9 .The cultural exchan
15、ges between the two countries help to the understanding and friendship between the two peoples.A. increaseB. raiseC addD promote解析：选D。句意是：两个国家之间的文化沟通促进了两个民族之间的理解和友情。此句要 用 promote 表示“促进”。increase“增加；raise“提高”;add“添加。stand out惹眼”突出，醒目；杰出（回来课本 P3）Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stan
16、d out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的衬托下特别惹眼，也就易于识别和搜集。 【归纳总结】【例句探源】Fred was very tall and stood out in the crowd.高大的弗雷德在人群中特殊惹眼。It stands out a mile what has to be done.应当做什么再明显不过了。（3）1 think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow si
17、gn.我认为黄色标记上用黑色字体最醒目。（牛津 P1962）She couldnt stand being kept waiting.叫她等着，她会受不了。【即境活用】10. 一How can I pick out your car in the parking lot?Its easy.The bright colour of my car makes it.A. turn outB. stick outC stand outD. get out解析：选C。答句句意为“很简单。我的车的颜色很艳丽，特别惹眼。”所以在停车场很简单 找到。1 l.Hey, that dress is making
18、 you in a crowd sro everyone can recognize you.A turn out B. stand outC. go out D. break out解析：选Bo考查动词短语。stand ou俨突出”。句意为“你那身衣服在人群中很惹眼，大家 都能认出你来。”in case of假如；假使；万一（回来课本 Pl l）Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency.如有紧急状况会有医疗救济。【归纳总结】【例句探源】In case of bad weather, the wedding will be
19、held indoors.万一天气不好，婚礼将在室内实行。I have kept a reserve fund in case of accidents.我已筹备了一笔打算基金以防不测。In case she comes back, let me know immediately.假如她回来了，立即告知我。In no case should you forget your task.你决不能遗忘自己的任务。（5）You have finished, haven9t you? In that case, you may have a rest.你已经完工了，是不是？既然那样，你可以休息一下。【即
20、境活用】12 .（山东济南三模）一The map will be of help?-Take it with you you get lost in the forest.A. so thatB. even ifC. as long asD. in case解析：选D。句意为“这地图会很有用吗？”“随身带着，以免在森林里迷路。incase引导状语从句，表示“万一，以免”的意思。13 .During the war, soldiers had to keep guns with them all the time emergency and danger.A because ofB. in an
21、y caseC. in case ofD. in spite of解析：选Co in case of emergency and danger表示目的，意为“以防有紧急状况和危急break up打破；解散；停止；分解（回来课本 P7）But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up.但是当陆地出现在眼前时，“耐力”号却陷入冰层并起先解体。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Hearing the news, he broke into tears.一听到这消息他突然哭起来
22、了。（牛津 P234）The meetings broke up at eleven oclock.会议在十一点散会。（3）He broke up the fight between the two gangs.他制止了两伙人打架。She broke up the glass in her search for money.她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。The boys will break up for the Christmas vacation next week.孩子们下周放圣诞假。【即境活用】14 .一Why did the police the crowd?一Because the pr
23、esidents car in the street.A. break down； broke downB break up ； broke upC. break down； broke upD. break up； broke down解析：选D。句意是：“为什么警察把人群驱散？.因为总统的车在路上出故障了 第一个空表示“使解散”，用break up；其次个空用broke down表示汽车出故障。15.（江苏启东中学）Since you want to make up with her, you should be the first to themisunderstanding.A. cl
24、ear upB. break upC. .take uprD. follow up解析：选A。A项表示“整理，整理；消退，解除（误会等）；（天气）放晴、B项表示“打碎， 拆散；分裂，分解；（集会）结束”；C项表示“占（时间、空间）；从事；拿起；接着讲解并描 述 D项表示“跟进，补充，实行后续行动（加强效果）”，依据语境分析，这里指的是“消 退误会，所以选A。句型梳理【教材原句】 Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never
25、saw land.（P3）直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发觉任何陆地。【句法分析】该句是一个倒装句，其相当于：The British explorer James Cook didnt cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century, but he never saw land.l)not untildid +主语 直到才.until.直到的时候not.until. 直至U才Not until midnight did he go to bed.=He didnt go to bed until mi
26、dnight.=It wasnt until midnight that he went to bed.直到半夜（以后）他才上床睡觉。2）在句型“主句+ until/till +时间状语从句或状语”中，尤其应留意以下几点：（1）主句中动词是非持续性动词，如leave, graduate,break等时，必需用否定形式。主句中动词是持续性动词，确定、否定形式都可以，但意义完全不同。确定句表示动作 或状态的结束，否定句表示动作或状态的起先。You are to stay here until/till your mother comes back.你要呆到你妈妈回来。Until then, I k
27、new nothing at all about it.直到那时，我对那件事还一窍不通。Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.直到河里的鱼都死了，村民们才意识到污染的严峻性。It was not until today that it was made publicly.那件事直到今日才被公布出来。【即境活用】16.（江苏四市联考）一How much do you know about the 3D film technology?一A l
28、ittle.Not until the hot movie Avatar some about it.A. did I see； did I begin to learnB I saw； I began to learnC. I saw； did I begin to learnD. did I see； I began to learn解析：选Co答句句意为“一点点。直到我上次看到热播电影阿凡达，我才对3D电影有所 了解。notuntil引导的状语从句位于句首，主句运用倒装语序。17.（福建永安一中）Not until it was dark, which made his mother w
29、orried.A. he showed offB. that he showed upC. did he show up D. had he showed up解析：选C。句意为：直到天黑了他才回来，这使得他妈妈很担忧。not until从句位于句首, 主句要用部分倒装，且由句意知，设空处应用一般过去时，故选C。本句还可转化为：He didnt show up until it was dark.o18.1 t is not until the things we used to have we learn to cherish.A. do we lose； /; thatB. we lose； that； thatC. we do lose； what； whatD. do wc lose； what； that解析：选B。这是it is not until引导的强调句，其次个是定语从句，that是the things的引 导词，第三个空引导一个强调句型，须用thato句意：直到我们失去了我们曾经拥有的东西， 我们才学会珍惜。