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1、2023考研英语（二）真题及答案解析Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEETl.(10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2023. It is the first wotldwide epidemic_1by the
2、 World Health Organization in41 years.The heightened alert _2an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising _3in Britain japan,Chile and elsewhere.Bur the epiemic is “_4_ in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization, s
3、director general,5the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the_6of any medical treatment.The ourbreak came to gobal_7in lafe April2023.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths_8 healthy adults. As
4、much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to_9_in New York City.the southwestern United States and atound the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_10warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2023,officials reported there was_11flu activity in almost every s
5、tate and that virtually all the12tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)HlNl,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has_13more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials 14 Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and
6、 began15 orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is_16 ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2023,though most of those _17doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,wh
7、ich is not _18 for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other_19.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people _20infants and healthy young people.1 .A criticizedB appointed C commented D desi
8、gnated2 . A (proceeded B activated | C fol lowed D prompted3 .Adigits Bnumbers Camounts Dsums4 .AModeratre Bnormal Cunusual Dextreme5 .AWith Bin Cfrom Dby6 .AProgress Babsence CJpresence Dfavor7 . AJReality Bphenomenon Ccincept |Dnotice8 .AOver Bfor Camong Dto9 .Astay up Bcrop up Cfill up Dcover up1
9、0 .Aas Bif Cunless Duntil11 .Aexcessive Benormous Csignificant |Dmagnificent通过每日的行为和选择才能得到体现。Ning回忆起九十年头后期销售保险那困惑的一年。在经验了网络泡沫的膨胀和破灭后， 他急需找到一份工作，因此就与Boulder公司签了约。但状况并不顺当。“这的确是糟糕的一步，因为它激不起我的工作热忱，” Ning说。 不出所料，工作上的进退两难造成他销售业绩不佳。“我很苦痛，愁肠百结，经常在半夜惊 醒，望着天花板发愣。我身无分文，须要这份工作。大家都说，等等看，过一段时间状况 会好转的。”Section IV
10、WritingPart ADear xxx,I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in an exchange program in USA.Your generous help made it possible that I had a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American cultures better. Besides, I think it is an honor
11、 for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.I feel obliged to thank you again.Sincerely yours,Zhang WeiPartBIn this
12、 chart, we can see the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries have a steady and slight increase from 1990 to 2023 and then remain constant in 2023. Meanwhile the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries have witnessed a slow increase from 1990 to 2023 and then a great surge from
13、 2023 to 20007: the biggest surge happens from 2023 to 2023.This chart reflects different developing modes of mobile phone industry in developed and developing countries. The developed countries have a limited number of populations, most of whom are well-educated. Therefore, the spreading of the mob
14、ile phone service is efficient and soon the market is saturated. Also at the beginning the developed countries have more people who can afford this service. The developing countries have a large population who keeps a large demand for mobile service. As the mobile phone service becomes cheaper and c
15、heaper, the increasing customers subscribe to benefit from this service.As discussed above, it is not surprising to see this change. In my opinion, this trend that the number of mobile-phone subscriptions is increasingly increasing will continue for a while in the future.凯程教化：凯程考研成立于2023年，国内首家全日制集训机
16、构考研，始终从事高端全日制辅导，由李 海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩 教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、 方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿;使命：完善全新的教化模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构；激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；敬业：以专业的看法做非凡的事业；服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员供应高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学 员引路。如何选择考研辅导班：在考研打算的过程中
17、，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班 来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节约复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方 面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。师资力气：师资力气是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导阅 历、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。推断师资力气 关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个老师包究竟的，是一批老师协作 的结果。还要深化了解老师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集, 李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构
18、 只是很一般的老师授课，对学问点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。对该专业有辅导历史：必需对该专业深刻理解，才能深化辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班 中，从来见过如此辉煌的成果：凯程教化拿下2023五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口 15 人,清华经管金融硕士 10人，人大金融硕士 15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师 大教化学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威 都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉高校、公安高校等院校斩 获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成果请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，胜利学 员阅历谈视频特殊多，都是凯程战绩的最好
19、证明。对于如此高的成果，凯程集训营班主任邢 老师说，凯程如此优异的成果，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，许多 学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有许多是工作了多年才 回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻 苦学习，是很难达到优异的成果。最好的方法是干脆和凯程老师具体沟通一下就清晰了。建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯 程教化已经成立10年（2023年），始终以来专注于考研，胜利率始终遥遥领先，同学们有 爱好可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。有没有实体学校校区：有些机
20、构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太 好的，一个优秀的机构必需是在教学环境，高校校内这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有 吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此 外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。12 .Acategories Bexamples Cpatterns Dsamples13 .Aimparted Bimmersed C|injected |Dinfected14 .Areleased Brelayed CrelievedDremained15 .Aplacing Bdelivering Ctaking Dgiving16
21、.Afeasible Bavailable Creliable Dapplicable17 .Aprevalent Bprincipal Cinnovative Dinitial18 .Apresented Brestricted Crecommended Dintroduced19 .Aproblems BJissues CJagonies Dsufferings20 .Ainvolved in Bcaring for Cconcerned withDwarding offSection II Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the fo
22、llowing four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)TextlThe longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, u Beautiful Inside My Head Forevern
23、 , at Sotheby s in London on September 15th 2023 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.
24、The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2023. At its peak in 2023 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm-double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50
25、 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, esp
26、ecially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most over
27、heated sector-for Chinese contemporary art-they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2023. Within weeks the world s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby s and Christie s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in th
28、e art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more v
29、olatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie? s chief executive, says: I m pretty confident we re at the bottom. ”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though m
30、any collectors wanted to sell. Christie? s revenues in the first half of 2023 were still higher than in the first half of 2023. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell.The three Ds
31、-death, debt and divorce-still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirsts sale was referred to as “a last victory “because.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryiesB
32、.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable(Line 1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that.A . coll
33、ectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the foll
34、owing statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2023to 2023.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24 .The three Ds mentioned in the las
35、t paragraph areA.auction houses * favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25 .The most appropriate title for this text could beA.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I
36、was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room a womens group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the even
37、ing I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said Shes the talker in our family.1 The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. Its true he explained. When I come home from work I ha
38、ve nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going wed spend the whole evening in silence.,This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The patt
39、ern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk1 that most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divor
40、ce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to acco
41、mpany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: He doesnt listen to me He doesnt talk to me. I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands
42、to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman gl
43、ares at the back of it wanting to talk.26 .What is most wives main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27 .Judging from the context ,the phrase uwreaking havoc” (Line 3,Para.2)most probably means.A generating motivation.B.ex
44、erting influenceC.causing damageDefeating pressure28 .A11 of the following are true EXCEPTA.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkat
45、ive at home than her spouse29 .Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patter
46、ns between man and wife are different.3O.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focusonA.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief int
47、roduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors - habits - among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost
48、without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can t figure out how to change people s habits, Dr. Curtis said. We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to - Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Pa