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1、2023年考研英语二真题答案及解析（完整版）Section I Use of EnglishHeres a common scenario that any number of entreprenuers face today:youJre the CEO of a small business and though youre making a nice 1, you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A
2、 growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Lets look at a real-world 4. Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees. Working in the 5 department
3、s of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Thin
4、gs changed,8, when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard,9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasnt due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply
5、 unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12, the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14, upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth,
6、 team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.C. It may enhance our adaptability to technologyD. It may interfere with our conceptual thinking34. It is indicated in Para 3 that how the Internet aff
7、ects our brains?A. requires further academic researchB. is most studies in older adultsC. is reflected in our reading speedD. depends on our web-surfing habits35. Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree thatA. our reliance on the Internet will be costlyB. the Internet is weakening our memoryC. memory
8、exercise is a must for our brainD. our ability to focus declines with ageText 4Teenagers are paradoxical. Thafs a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language. But the paradox is scientific as well as personal. In adolescence, helpless and
9、dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers.A new study published in the journal Child Development
10、 by Eveline Crone of the University of Lerden and colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative sides of teenagers go hand in hard. The study is part of a new waveof thinking about adolescence. For a long time, scientists and policy markers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a proble
11、m needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.The researchers studied prosocial“ and rebellious traits in more than 200 child and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old. The participants filled out questions about how often they did t
12、hings that were altruistic and positive, like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late.Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increased as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. But the new st
13、udy shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior .Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like selfishly help a friend.Most significantly ,there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. The teena
14、gers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others. The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? One idea is that teenager behavior is related to what researchers call“ reward se
15、nsitivity.*1 Decision-making always involves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and costs uReward sensitivity55 ,measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk .Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards-winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you. Re
16、ward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. Somehow, when you hit 30, the chance that something exciting and new will happen at that party just doesnt seem to outweigh the effort of getting up off the conch.36. According to
17、Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend toA. develop opposite personality traitsB. see the world in an unreasonable wayC. have fond memories of their pastD. show attention for their parents37. It can be learned form Paragraph 2 that Crones studyA. explores teenagers5 social responsibilit
18、iesB. examines teenagers emotional problemsC. provides a new insight into adolescenceD. highlights negative adolescent behavior38. What does Crones study find about prosocial behavior?A. It results from the wish to cooperateB. It is cultivated through educationC. It is subject to family influenceD.
19、It tends to peak in adolescence39. It can be learned from the last two paragraph that teenagersA. overstress their influence on othersB. care a lot about social recognitionC. become anxious about their futureD. endeavor to live a joyful life40. what is the text mainly about?A. why teenagers are self
20、-contradictoryB. why teenagers are risk-sensitiveC. How teenagers develop prosocialityD. How teenagers become independentPart BNet-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaringNew building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes,
21、as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England, are part of government plans to reduce the UKs carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that n
22、ew residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs are already driving up
23、 bills.Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, products and systems to be installed. All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will have to pay mo
24、re J he says.Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected. HThe biggest changes relate to heating and insulation J he explains. There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions, and any new windows or
25、 doors must be highly insulated/*Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards, while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.Thomas Goodman, of My Job Quote, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions.u Glazing on wind
26、ows, doors and roof lights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss,H he says.As the rules came into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous
27、rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jeff ord of Build Aviator.Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years. How much ove
28、rall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear/1 Whilst admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of house building at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership, says Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers.
29、 nAn average extension will probably see around 3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.”John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down.But not in the immediate future.H As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies tha
30、t support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down,but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition.Hhe says.However, the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Andrew Mellor, o
31、f PRP architects. nHomeowners will probably recoup that cost overtime in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”A The nsc of hw)e piices is a teniporan- matter41 Bnan BerryB. Builders p(sihy need lt ubmil new usEnalc of their
32、 projcvl、42 . (knvlh Bdsham(*. I here will be specific I mills on home cxlensions lo prevent healloss.45 . Marcus Jellcrd1). I he new rules will lukc home prices lo an even higher level.46 hhn KelK卜，Many people luul th；U home pno arv alruidy hcytMul whiilcim afliml.47 Andicv MellorF The new mle$ wil
33、l aftcct pepk whose hour extensions includenew xvmdou oi doors.G The nile changes will bcnetit Iwrueowners exenniallySection III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWERSHEET.(15 points)In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth bec
34、ame famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through care
35、fully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring.No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and
36、 even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really come to life when they are recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.Section IIV WritingPart A47. Directions:An art exhibition and a robot show are
37、 to be held on Sunday and your friend David asks you whichone he should go to. Write him an email to1) make a suggestion, and2) give your reason(s)Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEETDo not use your own name in your email, use Li Ming instead.(10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write
38、 an essay based on the chart below. In your writing. you should1) describe and interpret the chart and2) give your comments.Write your answer in about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)health litenaey 健康素养5XX%40.00% r.20122013201420152016201720182019202020212011-2021找1居民一一一一水中2023年考研英语二真题答案及
39、解析（完整版）Section I Use of English1. B. profit2. C. prioritize3. A. exclusively4. D. example5. D. traditional6. D. problem7. A. despite8. B. however9. B. created10. C. fresh11. C. lack12. D. insight13. C. promoting14. A. As a result15. A. unite16. B. identify17. D, accomplishment18. B. responsible19. C
40、. while20. A. serveSection IIReading ComprehensionPart AText 121. A.22. B23. B.24. C25 DText 226.D. Poorly maintained infrastructure27. A.28. C29.B30. DText 331.C32.D33.A34.A35.BText 436.A37.C38.D39.B40.APart BThis leader will 16_ the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 1
41、7of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractons. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas dont 20 the current goal and need to de put on the back burner.1. .A.purchase
42、B. profit C. connection D. bet2. A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3. A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4. A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5. A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6. A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7. A. despite
43、 B. unlike C. through D. besides8. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9. A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10. A. cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11. A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12. A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13. A. contributing B. allocating
44、 C. promoting D. transferring14. A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15. A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16. A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden41.D42.F43.B44.A45.GSection III Translation46.Section III Translation【参考译文】18世纪晚期，威廉华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。他是浪漫主义运动 的创始人之一，该运动颂扬
45、自然世界的奇迹。诗歌是强大的。它的能量和节奏可 以吸引读者，将他们带到另一个世界，让他们以不同的方式看待事物。通过精心 挑选单词和短语，诗歌可以是戏剧性的、有趣的、美丽动人的和鼓舞人心的。没有人确切地知道诗歌是什么时候开始的，但它已经存在了几千年，甚至在人们 会写字之前就已经出现了。这是一种讲述故事和传承历史的方式。它和歌曲有着 密切的关系，即使是在创作时，它也通常是大声演奏的。诗歌朗诵后才真正鲜活 起来，因为单词的节奏和声音变得更清晰了，所以这也有助于理解它们。句 1 .In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous fo
46、r his poems about nature.【译文】18世纪晚期，威廉华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。【词义】late晚的；迟到；接近末期；became开始变得；变成；poems诗；韵 文；poem的复数【采分点】18世纪晚期，威廉华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。-1分【语法考点】基本句型【语法结构分析】句子主干：William Wordsworth became famous,时间状语In the late 18th century,原因状语 for his poems about nature.句2.And he was one of the founders of a move
47、ment called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders ofthe natural world.【译文】他是崇尚自然世界奇迹的浪漫主义运动的创始人之一。【词义】founders创建者，创办者：Romanticism浪漫主义；浪漫主义时期： celebrated著名的；间名的；驰名的；庆祝；庆贺：推崇【采分点】他是崇尚自然世界奇迹的浪漫主义运动的创始人之一。-1分【语法考点】基本句型；后置定语：定语从句【语法结构分析】句子主干：he was one of the founders of a movement；后置 定语calledRomanti
48、cism修饰movement:which引导定语从句修饰 Romanticism.句3.Poetry is powerful.【译文】诗歌是强大的。【词义】Poetry诗；诗意；诗集；诗作：美好的品质；优雅的气质【采分点】诗歌是强大的。-1分【语法考点】基本句型【语法结构分析】本句为主系表结构。句4.Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see thingsdifferently.【译文】它的能量和节奏可以吸引读者，将他们带到另一个世界，让他们以不同 的方式看待事物。【词义】energy能量;能源；精力;活力；rhythm节奏;韵律;律动;transport 运输；交通运输系统：传播：differently不同地；相异地【采分点】它的能量和节奏可以吸引读者，-1将他们带到另一个世界，-0.5让 他们以不同的方式看待事物。-0.5【语法考点】并