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1、2023年九年级英语全册Unit 4 What would you do要点详解人教新目标版Section A1. if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的改变来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的看法或看法的动词形式称为语 气。.英语中的语气分三种：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实， 而是一种祝福，建议，与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的状况等（即非真实的假设）。If引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下， 有可能实现的状况。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的状况，故采纳虚拟语气。If
2、he doesn t hurry up, he will miss the bus.（真实条件状语）If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语）If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）1）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式（be只用were）wou 1 d/shou 1 d/cou 1 d/mi gh t + 动词原形与过去事实相
3、反had+过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分 词与将来事实相反动词过去式/（should/were to） +动词原形wou 1 d/shou 1 d/cou 1 d/m i gh t + 动词原形与现在事实相反If I had time, I would go for a walk.假如我有时间，我就会去漫步。（实际状况：我现在没有时间，也不会去漫步。）If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。（事实上我不行能是你。）I would say no if someone aske
4、d me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。（事实上现在没有人请我当电影演员）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.假如我知道他的电话号码，我就会告知你。（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.假如没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。（事实：地球上既有空气也有水）与过去事实相反If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won t
5、he race.假如约翰的腿之前没受伤，那么赢得竞赛的就会是他。（实际状况：约翰的腿受伤了。）If I had been invited, I wou 1 d have come to the party.假如邀请我的话，我就会参与晚会。（实际状况：当时没人邀请我，我也没去。）If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.假如我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.假如他听我的劝说的话，就不会犯这样
6、的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）与将来事实相反或表示对将来状况的主观推想（可能相反或可能性很小）If it were to / should rain tomorrow, I would stay in bed all day long.假如明天下雨，我就睡一成天。（实际状况：明天不太可能下雨，我也不太可能睡一成天。）If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.假如他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would no
7、t go skating.假如下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了，（事实：不知能否下雪）If you succeeded, everything would be all right.假如你胜利了，一切都会好起来的。（实际状况：胜利的可能性很小）2）虚拟语气的其他用法虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。（事实：我根本比不上你）b、表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+v-edI wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这
8、件事的真相。（事实：原来不知道）c、表示将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词：should/would +动词原形I wish I should have a chance again.很难再有这样的机会了。（事实：很难再有这样的机会 了）虚拟语气用在suggest （建议）、insist （坚持）、demand （要求）、order （吩咐）等动词后的宾语从句中。 在这种用法中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：should +动词原形”或只 用“动词原形”。如 He suggestedHe insistedHe demand that we （should） take the tea
9、chers adviceHe ordered在虚拟条件句中，假如从句的谓语有were, had或should时，从句可省略if,用倒装句，即were, had或should移到主语之前。Were she free now, she would go with you,假如她现在有空，她会和你去的。二If she were free now, she would go with you.Were they here now, they could help us.假如他们现在在这儿，它们会帮助我们的=If they were here now, they could help us.Had yo
10、u come earlier, you would have met him 假如你来早一点，你就遇到他了。=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就会得救。二Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now.pretend to be doing sth.假装正在干某事The students
11、 pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.pretend + 从句 假装, I pretended that I fell asleep.3. be late for 迟到如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. medical research 医学探讨5. what if +从句 假如怎么办，要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesn, t come?要是她不来怎么办？What if Li Lei knows? 假如李雷知道了怎么办？6. add sth. to sth.
12、添加到如：I added some sugar to water.我把糖添加到水里。7. tie 1) cn 领带，领结” He wears a blue tie.2) vt “系，栓”(tie A to B 把 A 栓到 B 上)如：Tie the horse the treeSection B1. confident adj. “自信的，有把握的”1) get/feel/be confident of + n/pron/v-ing ”确信,对有信念”2) get/feel/be confident that-clause ”确信，对有信念”She is confident of passi
13、ng the exam. = She is confident that she can pass the exam. 她自信会通过考试。2. in public在公共场所 如：Don t smoke in public.请不要在公共场所吸烟。3. energetic adj.活力的 如：She is a energetic girl.她是一个活力的女孩。energy n.活力如：She has lots of energies.她有活力。4. give a speech 做演讲 have a speech 听演讲 give a report 做报告 have a report 听报告5. w
14、ithout permission 未经许可ask one s permission 恳求某人的允许6. wait for sb.等某人 如：I am waiting for him.我正在等他。7. introduce oneself 自我介绍introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给某人如：I introduced Lily to Anna.我把莉莉介绍给安娜。8. invite sb. to do邀请某人做某事如：Lily invited me to go to her home for supper.莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。9. “很多”的不同用法：r1) 只用于修饰可数名词
15、复数：many, a large number of, large numbers of, a great/good many, quite a few2)只用于修饰不行数名词：much, a great/good deal of, quit a little, a large amount of3)既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不行数名词：a lot of, lots of, plenty of10. get along (with)二get on (with)1)进行，进展The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺当。How are yo
16、u getting along with your English study?你的英语学习进展的怎么样了？2)相处Do you get along with your boss?二 Do you and your boss get along?你跟老板合得来吗？I m getting along very well with my classmates.我和同学们相处得很好。.11. bother1) vt “烦扰，打搅 bother sb about/with sth使某人为某事苦恼/为某事给某人造成麻烦/为某事打搅某人 I don t want to bother her about m
17、y problem.2) vi 苦恼，操劳 bother about/with sth (doing sth) bother to do sth 为某事苦恼/操 劳，3) un “麻烦，纠纷”11. notin the slightest = notat all. 根本不,一点也不The old lady does not feel tired in the slightest. = The old lady does not feel tired at all. 那位老太太根本没感到累。12. one or two hours = an hour or two 一两个小时one or two
18、 days = a day or two 一两天13. would rather than (=would rather than) 宁愿，而不愿。前后连接两个动词原形，否定形式为：would rather not do sthwould rather do sth than do sth二 prefer doing sth to doing sthHe would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football.would rather do sth “宁愿做某事”He would rather wa
19、tch TV at home.rather than=instead of而不是(连接两个并列成分，前后对称)。I decided to write rather than telephone.I like going out with you rather than with him.She enjoys listening rather than speaking.Self check & Reading1. in fact事实上2. at lunch time在午饭时间3. let sb. down让某人悲观如：Don t let your mother down.不要让你的妈妈悲观。4
20、. come up with sth.提出想出 如：He came up with a good idea.他提出了一个好办法。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如：Lily caught up with Anna.莉莉赶上了安娜。5. cover A with B 用 B 遮/盖住 A Don t cover your face with the book.不要用书遮住你的脸。 be covered with 被覆盖 The field is covered with snow.田野上一片积雪。6. give advice on 在方面提出看法、建议7. know of/ab
21、out 了解，听说过8. be faced with ”面临，面对”9. have experience (in) doing sth 在做某事有阅历 如：I have experience teaching Chinese.我在教英语方面有阅历。10. come out 出版，出来 如：The magazine comes out once a week.这种杂志每周出一次。11. in*, situation(s)”，在形势/状况/境况下”如：He is in a difficult situation.他境况困难。12. by accident偶然地，无意之中 如：Last week I
22、 cut my finger by accident.上个星期我不当心割到自己的手指。13. hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事 I hurry to call the police.14. more than=over 超过15. offer1）（主动）拿给，赐予offer sb sth=offer sth to sb （主动地）给某人某物2) offer to do sth主动提出做某事16. give sb sth=give sth to sb类似的词还有：pass、lend show、write、send 等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb类似的词还有:mak
23、e、draw、cook等17. look for找寻find找到、发觉find out指经过视察、探究、调查等弄清晰、弄明白。discover指发觉那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情。如科学上的重大发觉。18. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事19. the rest其余的，可指代可数或不行数名词。The other(s)只能指代可数名词20. 宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词+主语+谓语 构成 常由下面的一些词引导：1)由that引导 表示陈述意义that可省略He says (that) he is at home.他说他在家里。,2)由if , whether引
24、导 表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、己否、对否等)I don t know if / whether Wei Ilua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜爱鱼。.连词if / whether引导宾语从句时两者常可互换。但if只用于动词后面引导宾语从句，下列状况用 whether 不用 if ：与动词不定式连用时；I don，t know whether to go.我不知道是否要去。在介词后作宾语时；I m worried about whether she can come here on time.我担忧她能否按时来这儿。与or not干脆连用时。I don t know whether
25、 he will come or not.我不知道他是否会来位于句首的宾语从句。Whether he will come, I don t know yet.他是否会来，我还不知道。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中；3)由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导表示特别疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？4)从句时态要与主句一样当主句是一般现在时，从句依据状况运用任何时态He says (that ) he is at home.他说他在家里。I don t know (that) she is singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌
26、。She wants to know if I have finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Do you know when he will be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应运用过去某时态(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)He said (that) he was at home.他说他在家里。I didn t know that she was singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来?