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1、2023年中考英语知识点总复习（下）always用法说明1. always（总是）与一般现在（或过去）时连用是通常用法但有时它 也可与下列时体连用：（1）现在完成时.表示“一向早就”.如：Ive always believed he was wrong.我直认为他是错的.（2）现在进行体，表示总是老是”（往往带有一定的感情色彩.如赞许.不快.厌恶等）.He is always smiling.他总是面带笑容（from ）.She is always saying the same thing.他老是把同一样的话说了 又说.2. always除非在祈使句中，一般不用于句首.如：Always pu
2、t on your safety belt when you drive.每次驾驶时都 一定要系好安全带.although与though的用法区别1.用作连词，两者大致同义,可换用，只是although比though更为 正式.如：Although （或 Though） it was cold, he didnt light the fire.(1)表示还有其他类似的人或物，意为:诸如此类;等等一切;之类 等等;等等之类.如：His family has gone to the countryside, his parents, brothers, sisters and all.他一家都下乡
3、去了,他父母兄弟姐妹等其他人都 去了.He has books and paper and all.他有书和纸之类的东西.Tell me what the date is year and all.把日期告诉我，年月日 都要.She ate cakes, cookies and all,她吃了蛋糕.饼干等杂七杂八的 东西.(2)表示:包括;还有.如：What?! Children and all?什么？！还带孩子？I went to school regularly, even with Mother sick and all. 我 按时上学湛至连妈妈生病时也是如此.(3)表示赞同(属英国方言
4、用法)，意为:确实;当然.如：A：Ifs warm today, isnt it?今天很暖和,是吗？ B：It is, and all.确实暖和(from ).A：Did they climb the mountain?他们爬上了那座山吗？Byes, they did it and all.确实爬上去了.She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost. 她对我们的警告充耳不闻,结果迷了路.already的用法一.所用句型问题1 .表示“已经“，通常用于肯定句，不用于否定句或疑问句（此时要用 yet）.如：He has already rea
5、d the book.他已经读过这本书.Has he read the book?他已经读过这本书吗？He hasnt yet read the book./He hasnt read the book yet. 他 还没有读这本书.2 .有时也用于疑问句,但往往含有问话人希望得到一个肯定回答 或含有惊讶之意.如：Is he back already?他就已经回来了？Has she gone to bed already?她就上床睡了？3 . 一般说来,already不用于否定句，但它有时可用于否定的条件 状语从句中.如：If he hasnt seen the film already, h
6、e may get the ticket. 若他还未看过这电影，他可以弄到票的.二.所用时态问题1 .与行为动词的完成体连用.如：He has left already. 他已离去了.By this time tomorrow III have f inished the job already.至U 明天这个时候，我将已做完这工作.2 .与行为动词的进行体连用.如：They are already working,他们已经在工作了.When I came in, he was already laying the table. 我进来时， 他已在摆桌子了.3 .与持续性动词或状态动词的一般现
7、在时或一般过去时连用.如:Its already late.已经迟了.He already knew about it,那时他已知道此事了.你会用 how long, how often, how soon 吗三者均可译为多久,但有区别.你知道它们的区别吗？一.how longhow long有以下两个主要意思：1 .表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, fourweeks等)提问.如：A：How long did he stay here?他在这儿呆了 多久？ B：About two weeks.大约两个星期.A：How long does it take to get
8、 to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间？B：At least ten hours.至少要 10 个小时.2 .表示某东西有多长.如：A：How long is the river?这条河有多长？B：About 500 km.大约 500 千米.二.how oftenhow often指每隔多久,主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：oncc aweek, three times a month 等)提问.如：A：How often does he come here?他(每隔)多久来一次?B：Once a month.每月一次.A：How often do you visi
9、t your mother?你多长时间看你妈妈一次？B：Once a week. 一周一次.三.how soonhow soon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如:in anhour, in two weeks 等)提问.如：A：How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来？B：In an hour. 1 小时以后.A：How soon shall we know the results?我们多久能知道结果？B：I dont know.我不知道.a bit与a little的用法区别1 .两者都可放在形容词之前用作程度状语，且通常都与那些表示”不好”意义的形容词（
10、如：tired, cold, sick, sad, serious等）连用.如：He is a bit a little tired.他有点儿累了.These boxes are a bit a little heavy.这些箱子重了点.注：a bit和a little 一般不能用于表示好意义的形容词如good, well, happy, glad, satisfied 等）之前.如：误：He is a bit a little well.误：It is a bit a little cheap.但是，若修饰比较级，则没有以上限制.如：正：He s feeling a bit a little
11、 better,他感觉好些了.正：It is a bit a little cheaper.它要便宜些.2 . a little可直接用于名词（不可数）前作定语，但a bit却不能， 它用于名词（不可数）之前时应先接介词of.如：He may need a bit of a little help.他也许需要点帮助.He knows a bit of a little French.他懂一点点法语.但是若名词前有my, this, the等限定词修饰，则不能直接用a little,而用 a little of.如：I taste a little of this wine,我尝了一点儿这种酒.
12、注：a bit of后有时接单数可数名词表示有点（像）.如：He is a bit of a poet.他有点像诗人.She was in a bit of a hurry.她有点儿匆匆忙忙.3 .尽管在肯定句中，两者在很多情况下同义且可互换，但在否定结构中,两者意思几乎相反： not a bit 意为“一点也不(二 not at all).如：He is not a bit worried.他一点也不着急.A：Is it difficult?它很难吗?B：Not a bit. 一点不难.(2) not a little 意为”很“J非常”(二 very).如：rm not a little
13、tired.我很累了.He was not a little angry,他非常生气.in all 与 all in all一.in all的用法 (1)表示:总之;简言之.如：In all, the book is very interesting.总之，这本书很有趣.In all you did very well.总之你做得很出色.(2)表示:总共.如:There were 100 people in all.总共 100 人.There I saw ten children in all.在那儿我见到 10 个小孩.二.all in all 的用法(1)表示:总的说来.如：All in
14、 all we had a good time.总的说来，我们玩得很痛快.All in allz the party was pleasant.总体说来，晚会令人愉快.(2)表示:总共.如:All in all, there were 20 people present.总共有 20 人到场.How many are there in all? 一共有多少？(3)有时用作表语，表示:最最重要的(东西).如：Music is his all in all.音乐是他最最重要的东西.She is all in all to me.他对我至关重要.Grammar is not all in all,
15、you know.你知道，语法并不是一切的一切.(4)表示:完全地.如(from )：And trust me not at all or all in all.要么一点也不相信我，要么完全相信我.afraid用法详解【基本用法】1.害怕的，恐惧的：Dont be afraid.别怕.She is afraid of dogs.她怕狗.She is afraid of snakes.她怕蛇.He was afraid of nothing.他什么也不怕.She was afraid of waking him.她担心把他吵醒.She was afraid to see you again,她怕
16、再次见到你.1 was afraid to tell you.我不敢告诉你.They were afraid to be seen by others.他们怕被别人看到.He is afraid he will die.他害怕他会死(from ).I was afraid I might hurt your feelings.我担心我会伤害你的 感情.She was afraid they would recognize her.她担心他们会认出她来.2 .担心的：Im afraid that he wont come.我担心他不会来.Is he not coming? I am afraid
17、 not.Qm afraid so.） 他不来 吗？ ”“看来不会（怕是这样）JI*m afraid I cant stay.恐怕我不能待了（from ）.rm afraid you dont see my point.恐怕你没听懂我的意思.Are we late? Tm afraid so. ” “我们迟到 了吗？怕是迟到了 rm afraid I must ask you to leave the country.对不起我得让 你离开这个国家.【考点说明】1 .通常用作表语，不用于名词前作定语（from ）.2 .是形容词，不是动词，所以可说Dont be afraid,不可说Dont a
18、fraid.3 . be afraid to do sth 与 be afraid of doing sth：前者表 示害怕做某事或不敢做某事，后者有两个意思，一是表示害怕做某 事（与be afraid to do sth同义），二是表示担心会发生某情况（所 担心的情况不一定会发生，此时不能与be afraid to do sth互 换）：Im afraid to tellof telling her.我不敢告诉她.I was afraid of hurting her feelings.我怕伤了她的感情.advise用法详解【基本用法】忠告，劝告，建议：He advised leaving
19、early.他建议早点动身.He advised me not to 90.他建议我不要去.The doctor advised a change of air.医生劝他换换环境.What would you advise?你看我该怎么办？What do you advise me to do?你看我该怎么办？He strongly advised me not to do so.他使劲劝我别这样做.【考点说明】后接动词作宾语时要用动名词，而不用不定式，但是若其后接有 名词或代词作宾语，则可接不定式，即不可说advise to do sth, 但可说 advise sb to do sth (
20、from ).across用法详解【基本用法】一.用作介词穿过，跨过，到(在)的另一边：There is a bridge across the river.河的两边有桥相连.We swam across the river.我们游到河了对岸.I walked across the park.我穿过公园走去.He hurried across the bridge.他匆匆走过桥去.She went across the street to buy a paper.她过街去买一张报.二.用作副词(from ):穿过，跨过，从一边到另一边：Can you swim across?你能游过对岸去吗？
21、The stream is 8 feet across.小溪有八英尺宽.【用法辨析】across与through：前者指在面上穿过，后者指在里面或在一定范围内穿过:walk across the playground 走过操坪 / walkthrough a forest 走过森林【易错说明】across用作介词或副词，不能用作动词.比较:cross是动词.如:go across a bridge 过桥 / cross a bridge 过桥(from )引above用法详解【基本用法】一.用作 prep.1 . rWj于出，在上方:We were flying above the cloud
22、s.我们在云层上面飞行.The moon was now above the trees.月亮这时在树的上方.The Smiths live in the apartment above ours.史密斯一家住在 我们楼上的一套住房里.2 .超过,胜过:Health is above wealth.健康胜过财富.He loved his country above all else.他爱祖国胜过一切.二.用作adv.在上面，在前面（from）:Her bedroom is just above.她的房间就在上面.The clouds above began to get thicker.上方的
23、乌云越来越浓.【用法辨析】above 与 over1 .两者都可表示高于”, over主要表示垂直在上的正上方，而 above则不一定表示正上方（即表示正上方时两者均可用,不表示 正上方时要用above）：They built a new room aboveover the garage.他们在车房上 加盖了一个新房间.He stayed at the hotel above the lake.他住在可以俯瞰湖泊的 旅馆里.2 .若含有动态或覆盖的意味，通常用over,而不用above（from ）：He flew over to London.他飞到了伦敦.Cover her over w
24、ith a sheet.用床单把她盖起来.Spread a cloth over the table.在桌上铺块桌布.She wore a shawl over her shoulders.她肩上披着一块披巾.about的用法详解【基本用法】一.用作 prep.1 .在各处,到处：The children ran about the house.小孩子在家里到处跑.2 .在附近，离不远：He looked about him now and then,他不时地环顾四周.3 .关于，对于，涉及：Tell me something about your family.请告诉我一些你的家庭 情况.4
25、 .在身上，在身边，在手头上：Have you any money about you?你身上带钱了吗？二.用作adv.1 .大约：About 100 students went there.大约有 100 名学生去了那儿.2 .到处，各处：The books were lying about on the floor.书散置在地上.3 .在附近,在周围(from )：There was nobody about.附近没有人.【短语用法】HowWhat about .（你认为）怎么样：How about having a rest?休息一会儿好吗?What about a cup of tea
26、?喝杯茶怎么样？【用法辨析】about 与 on：两者都可表示关于，其区别是：about指泛泛地或非正式地谈论 某事，其谈论的内容较为普通；而on则指比较有系统地或理论性 较强地论述某事，其论述的内容较正式或较严肃.比较：It is a book on birds.那是一本论及鸟类的书.（可能是一本学术著作） / It is a book about birds,那是一本关于鸟的书.（可能是一 本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书）【考点说明】L不要按汉语意思在一些及物动词后误加介词about,如不能说 discuss about sth 讨论某事,consider about sth 考虑某事 （f
27、rom ）.2.在动词know, hear,即cak等之后用不用介词about / of,含 义有差别,比较:know sb认识某人/ know of sb知道有某人/ know about sb知道有关某人的事或情况/ hear sb听到某人 （讲话）/ hear of sb听说过某人/ hear about sb听到关于某人 的事或情况appear的三个句式1. appear to do sth 似乎要如：He appears to have a lot of money.他彳以乎彳艮有钱.He appeared not to notice anything.他彳以乎没看见什么.注：有时不
28、定式用进行式或完成式等.如：It appears to be raining.彳以乎在下雨(from ).You appear to have traveled a lot.看来你去过不少地方.2. it appears that as if似乎如：It appears that as if he will win.看来他会赢.It appeared that he didnt like her.似乎他并不喜欢她.注：以上句型有时可与后接不定式的结构转换.如：It appears that you have made a mistake. / You appear to have made a
29、 mistake.似乎你弄错了.3. There appears to be.似乎如：There appears to be no danger now.现在彳以乎没有危险了.注：该句型有时可与后接that从句的句型转换.如 (from ):There seems to have been a mistake. / It appears that there has been a mistake.看来直就有错.虽然天气很冷，他也没生火.2 . although 一般不用作副词，而though可用作副词，且一般只放 在句末，不放在句首，意为可是“不过如：You said so though.不过
30、你是这样说的.3 .在as though （好像.仿佛）,cvcn though（即使.纵然）等短语中不 能用 although.如：He talks as though he knew anything.他夸夸其谈好像无所不 知.4 . though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式（注意，倒装 后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词），但although 一般不这样用.如 （from ）：Poor though I am, I can afford it.我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起 的.Child though he was, he did quite well.他虽是孩子，但干得很 好.5 .在
31、cdthough和though之后均不能用bui，但在强调时可用 yet, still, nevertheless 等词.如：Though he seems happy, yet he is worried.另然他看起来很幸 福，但他实际上很烦恼.如何区别 also, too, eitherapologize 与 apologyapologize的用法1. apologize to sb向某人道歉.如：Apologize to your sister.去给你姐姐赔个不是.Ive come to apologize to you. 我来向你道歉.2. apologize for （doing）
32、sth 因某事而道歉.如:工 must apologize for the delay in replying to your letter.未能及时给你回信，我 得向你道歉.He apologized for not being able to meet her, 他因为未能去 接她而向她道歉.注：以下两个句型有时可以配合使用.如（from）:He apologized to the teaching for coming late, 他因迟至U而向 老师道歉.二.apology的用法1. make an apology to sb 向某人道歉.如：He made an apology to
33、 her. 我向他道歉了.2. make an apology for sth 因某事而道歉.如:He made an apology for what he said.他为他所说的话道了歉. 注：以下两个句型有时可配合使用.如（from）:He made an apology to her for hurting her feelings. 他因为伤 害她的感情而向她道歉.answer for 与 answer to1. answer for对负责，对承担责任，保证，代表I will answer for it (him),我愿对它(他)负责.One day youll have to an
34、swer for what youve done. 有一天你 会对你今天的所作所为承担责任的.I agree but I cant answer for my friends.我同意，但我不能代 表我的朋友也同意.注：该短语通常用于将来时态或含有情态动词的句子，其后可接名 词或代词，一般不接that从句，若要接这类从句，则应先接形式 宾语 it.如(from ):I cant answer for his honesty. = I cant answer for it that he is honest.我不能保证他是诚实的.2. in answer to作为对的回答，响应的请求In answ
35、er to his question, she shook her head.对于他的问题, 她以摇头作答.The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call. 医生一接到我的电话就来了.one after another 与 one another1. one a什er another 一个接一个地，一个又一个地They left the room one after another.他们一个一个地离开了 房间.We achieved victories one after another.我们取得了一个又 一个的胜利.注：按传统语法，one
36、 after another指三者或三者以上，若指两者 则用one after the other,但在现代英语中，两者常可换用.如 (from ):Difficulties arose one after another the other.问题一个一个地冒了出来.另外，One after another通常用作状语，有时用作主语.如：One after another stood up and went out.人们个个地站 起来，走了出去.2. one another 相互，彼此We should help one another.我们应该互相帮助.The members of the
37、team support one another. 队员们相互 支持.注：有人认为one another 一定用于三者或三者以上，而用于两 者须用each other.但在现代英语中，两者常可换用.The boy and girl are deeply in love with one another each other,这男孩和女孩深深地相爱着.The sea and the sky seem to melt into one another each other.大海与蓝天似乎融为一体.另外，one another可以有所有格形式.如(from):Those two are always
38、 copying one anothers each other s homework.那两个人总是相互抄袭作业.有关angry的三个搭配搭配1be angry with (at) sb 对某人生气He was angry with at his wife.他对他妻子很生气.The teacher was angry with at me when I was late. 我迟至ll 时老师对我很生气.注：表示对某人生气，用介词with比用介词at常用.有人认为: 用with表示心中感到生气，而用at则表示怒气流露于外表； 也有人认为用介词at为口语或非正式文体等.不过值得注意的 是，不要按汉
39、语意思说be angry to sb.搭配2be angry at about sth 对某事生气The teacher was rather angry at what you said.老师对你说的话相当生气.The man was angry at being kept waiting. 这个人因另ll人让他 久等而很恼火.My sister was angry about missing the film.没看上那部电影 我妹妹很气恼.注：表示对某事生气，介词about和at都可用，有人认为：介词 at后接某人之言行，而about之后接某事，但这种区别并不十 分严格，两者有时可换用.但
40、是，表示对某事生气，通常不能用介词 with(from ).搭配3be angry for sth因为某事而生气I was angry with myself for making such a stupid mistake. 我因为犯了这么愚蠢的错误而在生自己的气.He was angry with me for not having done anything.因为我什 么也没做，他对我很生气.along with 与 get along1. along with 的用法随同一起.如：Mother sent me some money along with her letter. 母亲随信
41、给我寄来了一些钱.(2)除.之外.如：Tobacco is taxed in most countries, along with alcohol.除酒 之外，烟草在大多数国家都要征税.(3)与一起(一道).如：The teacher worded along with the students.老师同学一起 干.He went on the journey along with his two friends,他与他的 两位朋友一起去旅行.注：以上三个用法的实质意思是一样的.2. get along 的用法(1)进行，进展.如：How are you getting along with y
42、our English?你的英语学得怎 样？(2)相处.如(from )：He doesnt get along well with his classmates.他与同学相处 不好.all短语用法详解1. all along 一直，在整个期间.如：I thought all along that he would win.我一直认为他会赢.We know all along that he is going to make it.我们始终认为 他是会成功的.2. all over到处，各处，全身.如：We looked all over for the watch.我们到处找过那块表.She
43、 was like her mother all over,她处处像她妈妈.I was aching all over after the match.比赛后我全身都痛.He painted the wall green all over.他把墙全漆成绿色.3. in all一共，合计.如：There are 100 people in all. 一共有 100 人.Thats $15 in all. 一共 15 美元.(2)总之,简言之.如(from )：In all, the book is worth reading.总之，这本书值得一读.4. at all(1)用于否定句,意为:根本不
44、.一点也不.如：It wasnt difficult at all.这一点也不难.There was nothing to eat at all,根本没什么可吃的.注：在否定句中，at all可位于句末，也可跟在否定词后.如：He isnt tired at all. / Hes not at all tired.他一点也不累.另外，在口语中单独说not at all,可用来回答感谢或道歉.如:A：thank you very much.多谢你了.B：Not at all.不客气.A：Im sorry to keep you waiting.对不起，让你久等了.B；Oh, not at all
45、.噢,没关系(from ).(2)用于疑问句，意为:到底.究竟.难道不.如：Are you at all worried about it?你难道对此不担心吗?Have you read any of the report at all?那份报告你到底有没有读一点？(3)用于条件句(用来加强if的语气)，意为:假若.既然.即使.反正.如：If you do it at all, do it well.既然要做,就把它做好.(4)用于肯定句(较少见)，意为:不管怎样.竟然.如：I was surprised at his coming at all.我很奇怪，他竟然来了.有关air的三个常用短语
46、1. by air乘飞机.如：He went to Paris by air.他乘飞机去了巴黎.Which is faster, by air or by train?坐飞机快还是坐火车快？2. in the air在空中;在流传中;渺茫.如：Birds fly in the air.鸟在空中飞.The plan is quite (up) in the air.计划还相当渺茫.3. on the air 在广播中.如(from )：I heard the news on the air.我在广播中听到了这条消息.Whats on the air this evening?今晚有什么广播节目?ahead of 与 go ahead1. ahead of的用法(1)表示时间或空间，意为:在之前.如：He left one day ahead of me.他比我早走天.A new life lay ahead of him.新的生活展现在他面前.(2)表示能力.水平.地位或先进性等方面，意为:比强或高(主要 用作表语).如：Hes ahead of us in English.他的英语比我们强.He is two classes ahead of me.他比我高两班.(3)用于 ahead of time