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1、中考英语专题复习一名词考点专练知识导航1、名词的概念及分类2、名词的数3、名词所有格知识点名词的定义及作用定义：所谓名词，即表示人或事物的名称.可做句子的主语，宾语，表语，定语。典例精讲判断下列那些词汇是名词name boring book her teacher quickly it them use the变式练习一，判断句中名词作什么成分1 .Newspapers are useful.2.Have you received my letter?3.The books are on the desk.4.Time is money.5.1 am an English teacher.二，
2、单项选择1.-Where are the students?They are playing football with students from Hilltop School.()A.boys,/B.boys,the C.boy,/D.boy,the2.All the enjoyed themselves on March 8thbecause it was their ownholiday.()A.men workers B.women workers C.woman workers3.-Whats your favourite food?-I like best.I had a lar
3、ge bowl last night.()A.potato noodle B.potatoes noodle C.potato noodles D.potatoesnoodles知识点二名词的分类名词的分类:个体名词：表示人或事物的个体名称。cit y.p an da,chair.i-集体名词：表示T人或T事物的总称。p t l bl k.p eo p l e.cl as s.普诵名词物厌名词：表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名称I_ r ice 大米，s n o w 雪，s t eel 钢铁 co t t o n 格花，co m 玉米，好 名 词：表示行为、状态 品亥、感恬等抽象假念的名；_
4、co u r age 勇气，det er m in at io n 决心 s at is fact io n 满意,表示人名、地名、国名。Lo n do n 伦敦，T o m 汤 姆 t he Gr eat Wal l 长 _ 标 书 、电 联、各肿保诒。Sp ida Kl an 蜘蜂佚表示机构,组织、团体，U N E S C O 联合国故科文组织表示月份、星期、节日。Mo n day 星期一Nat io n al day 国庆节典例精讲圈出可数名词，在专有名词下方划线work job the Dragon Boat Festival water map Journey to the West
5、 pencilCanada basketball Little Women volleyball Golden gate Bridge bread milkSwitzerland变式练习3.Pm not hungry at all because I just ate much()A.apples B.Bananas C.bread4.There are three in the company(公司).They are all.()A.worker；German B.workers；Germen C.workers；Germans1.This is Tom Smith.We can call
6、 him _.()A.Miss Smith B.Mr.TomC.Mr.Smith D.Smith sir2.Our new math teachers from.Hes.()A.German；GermanyB.London；RussianC.Washington；BritainD.Switzerland；Swiss注意：1.本身是复数.Eg:,cattle,people,police.集体名词2.本身单复数均可表示.Eg：class,club,committee,company,crew,enemy,family,government,group,team.当这一类词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数
7、形式取决于其表示的具体含义，如果作为一个整体 看 待 时，谓语动词用；如 果 指 的 是 具 体 成 员，则 谓 语 动 词 用Eg：The family is the basic unit of society.家庭是构成社会的基本单位。My family are going on a trip this summer.我们全家今年夏天要外出旅游。典例精讲Sandy really likes eating meat,but she doesnt like eating_.A.breads B.vegetables C.chickens变式练习l.Do you know what the p
8、of China?一 Ifs over 1.3 billion2.Whats that on the wall?一 Oh,its a photo of my.My parents are in it.A.my family B.my familys C.my families D.my families9知识点三-名词的数可数名词有单、复数形式。（一）名词复数形式的规则变化1.一般在名词的结尾加-S,在清辅音后读/S/,在浊辅音和元音后后读/Z/。exercise*d e s k 2.以 s、x ch sh 结尾的 名词加-es,读/i z/。watch一box_3.以 辅音字母+y 结尾的词
9、，把 y 变 i,再加-es。factory lady_4.以 f 或 f e 结尾的词，一般把f 或 f e 改 为 v,加-es。wolfknife_5.以 o 结尾的可数名词，有生命的加-e s,无生命的加-s。potato一piano 一_典例精讲写出下列词汇的复数形式l eaf da y p u p p y box t hi e f knifefl y f ox bus b e n c h brushki s s zoo roofradio bamboo ci t y boy变式练习用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1 .There are so m a n y(t r e e)i
10、n the forest.2.My brother looks after t w o(b a b y)3.There are so m e(sh eep)eatin g the grass.4.My father likes to e a t(c h ic k e n).5.Chinese like to eat noodles.【易错警示】1.注意以下名词的复数形式是在词尾加-s。American Americans Australian CanadianGerman*Greek IndianRussian_2.有些名词表面为复数形式，实为单数。math,physics,politics
11、news,the United Nations the United States变式练习1.My favorite subject is,and I think it is interesting.【知识拓展】1.以 o 结尾的名词，需加-es 的名词 Eg：negro,hero,tomato,potatoo顺口溜来记忆，即”黑人英雄 西红柿和土豆”。2.以f 或fe结尾的名词，须把f 或 fe变为v,再加-es的名词Eg：calf,half,knife,leaf,life,loaf,self,shelf,thief,wife,wolf。顺口溜来记忆，即”妻已架刀命牛郎（狼），半 夜（叶）偷
12、包要提防”3.以ch结尾的名词：ch发音为/k/的名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加-s,Eg:stomach stomachs 胃1 .There are two and three in my bag.（）A.radios；tomatoes B.radios；tomatos C.radioes；tomatos D.radioes；tomatoes2.turn yellow in autumn.（）A.Leaf B.Leaves C.Leafs D.Leave（二）名词复数的不规则变化1.单复数同形Chinese sheep Japanese 2.改变元音字母manwomanfoot tooth*
13、p o lic e w o m a n 3.只有复数形式的名词trousers scissors pants glasses shoes4.其他变化 mouse一 child一典例精讲写出下列词汇的复数形式man mouse fish goose people ox Chinesedeer f oot c hi l d t oot h guyhero boss monkey变式练习There are in our tow n.()A.two Japanese and five American B.two Japaneses and five AmericanC.two Japanese an
14、d five Americans D.two Japaneses and five AmericansHow many are there in the picture?()A.childs B.women C.meats D.WomanI saw some and dancing in the street yesterday.()A.Germen；China B.Germans；Chinas C.Germans；Chinese D.Germen；Chineses【易错警示】表示鱼的种类时，复数形式为fishesfish表示鱼的条数时，复数形式仍为fish意 为 工 厂 时，单复数形式一样w
15、ork意 为 著 作，作 品 时，复数形式是部莫言的作品different fishes不同种类的鱼five fish五条鱼three chemical work 三座化工厂works three works by Mo Yan 三变式练习1.There are three in the company(公 司).They are all.()A.worker；German B.workers；Germen C.workers；Germans2.Mo Yan is my favorite writer,and I have ma n y written by he3.There are lot
16、s of different in the world,and Tom has three gol d.A.fish,fish B.fishes fish C.fish fishes D.fishes fishes(三)不可数名词一般情况下，专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式，但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义，从而也表现出可数与不可数性。1.常见的不 可 数 名 词:advice,furniture,hair,homework,information,knowledge,money,news,progress,age,experience,failure,
17、food,fun,health,luck,music,nature,paper,pleasure,pride,rain,research,safety,salt,sand,snow,time,trade,trust,truth,waste,water,wealth,weather,wind,work典例精讲 Hey,Alicia!Have you got used to Chinese food?一 Yes!But I am still learning to use as a Chinese does.A.forks B.chopsticks C.knives变式练习I am good at
18、 playing basketball.Playing basketball is.()A.a good exercise B.good exercises C.good exercise知识点四-名词所有格名词所有格通常是用来表示一个名词和另一个名词之间的所属关系。(一)构成1.单 数 名 词,在 词 尾 直 接 加 Jims room2.词尾已有-s的复数名词，在 词 尾 只 加 Students5 rooms词尾不带-s的复数名词,在词尾直接加 Childrens Day3.表示两者或两者以上共有的所属关系，在最后一个词的词尾加Jane and Marys room(指两个人共用一个房间
19、)4.表示两者或两者以上各自的所属关系,Janes and Marys rooms(指分别所有)5.表示某人的家、店铺、办公室等，在词尾加,s,省略其后名词，at my uncles典例精讲-Is this v o l le y b a ll,Mike?-No,it*s not mine.I think i t s.()A.your；Lilys and Lucys B.yours；Lilys and Lucys C.your；Lily and Lucy*sD.yours；Lily and Lucys变式练习1.-Whose dictionaries are these?-They are th
20、e.()A.twins1 B.twin C.twins D.twins2.-Look,there are so many flowers on the desk.How beautiful they are!-Yes.Today is Day.These are the gifts for our teachers.()A.teachers；Teachefs B.teachefs；Teachers1 C.teachers；TeachersD.teachers*；Teachers3.一 Do you live near the school?一 Yes,its about walk.A.twen
21、ty minutes B.twenty-minutes C.twenty minutes1 D.twentyminutes4.-Whose key ring is this?Is it yours?-No,it must be.()A.someone elses B.someone else C.someones elses D.someonefs else(2)o f所有格无生命的名词的所属关系一般要用介词of短语来构成。Eg:a map of China,at the end of this term。但表时间、距离、世界、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词直接在词尾加-5s 或，。Eg
22、:five minutes,walk典例精讲This is a photo of family.()A.Jenny B.Jennys C.Jennys变式练习1.-What can I do for you?T d like to buy two of.()A.kilos；potatos B.kiloes；potatoes C.kiloes；potatos D.kilos；potatoes2.Look!Five and a set of are in the black b a g.()A.photos；key B.photos；keys C.photoes；keys D.photo；keys
23、(3)双重所有格表示所属物的名词前有冠词(a/an),数 词(one,tw o.),不定 代 词(some,all,any.),物 主 代 词(my,your.),指示 代 词(this,that时，常 用of+s所有格 形 式，即双重所有格来表示所属关系。Eg:a photo of my sisters我妹妹的一张照片this book of my classmates我同学的这本书典例精讲1.An old friend of is coming to see her,so she is thinking about inviting her friendhom e.()A.my mothe
24、r；to B.my mothers；/C.my mother；/D.my mothers；to课堂巩固练习单项选择1.My aunt has four daughters.Among them birthday is on the same day.()A.Kates and Janes B.Kate*s and JaneC.Kate and Janes D.Kate and Janes*2.一Have you learned When will the moon be cleai*and bright?With a cup of winein my hand,I ask the blue s
25、ky.”？一Yes.Su Shi wrote the poem for.()A.the Spring FestivalB.the Mid-Autumn FestivalC.the Lantern FestivalD.the Dragon Boat Festival3.Now,I live(居 住)in and I have many(许多)friends.()A.China；China B.China；ChineseC.Chinese；Chinese D.Chinese；China4.This is my room.Look!Their photo on the wall is nice.()
26、A.cousin B.cousins C.cousins D.cousins15.Day is on March eighth and Day is on September tenth.()A.Womens；Teacher*s B.Womens；TeachersC.Womans；Teachers D.Women1；Teachers16.Tom found and wrote a long letter to his grandma.()A.three piece of paperB three pieces of papersC.three papersD.three pieces of p
27、aper7.-Bad luck!I forgot to take my smartphone and even have no to take the bustoday.-I think you need your habit,and keep everything in order(1页序).()A.change；changes B.changes；to changeC.change；to change D.changes；change8.Thanks to the Internet,our teachers can give us on our study although wecant
28、m eet.()A.any suggestions B.an adviceC.some advice D.some suggestion9.My son likes e a t i n g,so I keep some on the farm.()A.chicken；chicken B.chicken；chickensC.chickens；chicken D.chickens；chickens10.一 Miss Li,would you like some for your new office?一 Yes.A desk and two chairs,please.()A.furniture
29、B.computer C.pictures11.Can you give me?We have none in our classroom.()A.chalk B.a chalkC.some chalks D.a piece of chalk12.Please make for the old man to sit o n.()A.room B.a room C.places13.Mr Black gave us on how to learn English well.()A.a lot of advice B.many advicesC.a good advice D.some good
30、advices14.We can get some about how to use the Learning APP through theofficial account.()A.information B.ideaC.tip D.suggestion15.Tina is lazy and she does housework at home.()A.much B.a few C.little16.The small room was full of people.There was no for.()A.more rooms；anybody elseB.more rooms；else a
31、nybodyC.more spaces；anybody elseD.more space；anybody else17.There is a man you at the school g ate.()A.is waiting B.waitingC.waiting for18.An is someone whose job is to repair equipment.()A.electrician,electricalB.electrician,electricC.electricity,electricalD.electricity,electric19.-Would you like beef and noodles?-No.But I like noodles with beef and.()A.cabbage；tomato B.carrot；tomatoesC.carrots；tomatoes D.cabbages；tomato20.I can do the work better if you give me a not he r.()A.victory B.purpose C.energy D.chance答案：CBBCBDBCB A D AAAC DCAB D