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1、初中英语八年级下册知识汇总Unit 1 What s the matter?一、重点短语have a fever 发烧1. have a cough 咳嗽have a toothache 牙疼2. talk too much 说得太多drink enough water 喝足够的水3. have a cold受凉;感冒have a stomachache 胃疼4. have a sore back 背疼have a sore throat 喉咙痛5. lie down and rest 躺下来休息hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶6. see a dentist 看牙医get a
2、n X-ray 拍 X 光片7. take one s temperature 量体温put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药8. feel very hot 感到很热sound like听起来像9. all weekend 整个周末7. hate + (to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做杂务。Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents?一、重点短语have free time有空闲时间1. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事hang out with sb.与某
3、人闲逛2. after-school classes 课外活动课get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架3. until midnight 直到半夜talk to sb.与某人交谈4. too many 太多study too much 学得过多5. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠write sb. a letter 给某人写信6. call sb. up打电话给某人surprise sb.令某人惊讶7. look through 翻看be angry with sb.生某人的气8. a big deal重要的事work out成功地发展;解决9. ge
4、t on with与和睦相处;关系良:10. fight a lot经常吵架/打架hang over 笼罩11. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事offer to do sth,主动提出做某事12. so that 以便mind sb. doing sth.介意某人做某事13. all the time 直in future 今后14. make sb. angry使某人生气worry about sth.担心某事15. copy one? s homework抄袭某人的作业be oneself 做自己16. family membersspend time alone独自消磨时光
5、17. give sb. pressure 给某人施压have a fight with sb.与某人吵架18. compete with sb.与某人竞争free time activities 业余活动19. get better grades取得更好的成绩give one s opinion提出某人的观点20. learn exam skills学习应试技巧practice sports 体育训练21. cause stress 造成压力cut out 册！1 除二、重点句型studied until mid night last night so I did n? t get enou
6、gh sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why don *t you forge t about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although she s wrong , i t1 s not a big deal.虽然她错了，但这并不是什么大事儿。4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he s sorry.他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。5.1 guess I could, but I don t want to s
7、urprise him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、重点短语make sure 确信;确认1. beat against.拍打fall asleep进入梦乡;睡着2. die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失wake up 醒来3. in a mess 一团糟break. apart 使分离4. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候at the time of 当时候5. go off （闹钟）发出响声take a hot shower 洗热水澡。6. miss th
8、e bus错过公交车pick up接电话7. bring. together 使靠拢in the area在这个地区8. miss the event错过这个事件by the side of the road 在路边9. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线walk by走路经过10. make one sway to 在某人去的路上hear the news听到这个消息11. important events in history 历史上的重大事件for example 例如12. be killed 被杀害over 50 5 0 多（岁）13. a school pupil
9、 一个小学生on the radio 通过广播28.in silence 沉默;无声. more recently 最近地;新近29 .the World Trade Center 世贸中心. take down拆除;摧毁30 . have meaning to 对有意义.remember doing sth.记得做过某事31 .at first首先;最初二、重点句型1. 一 What were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8点你在干什么？一 I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。2. When it began to rain, Ben
10、was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3. 一 What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？一 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.一、重点短语work on doing sth.致力于做某事1. as soon as 就
11、once upon a time 从前2. continue to do sth.继续做某事make sth. happen 使某事发生3. try to do sth.试图做某事the journey to sp之旅4. tell the/a story 讲故事put on 穿上5. a little b it 有点儿keep doing sth.坚持做某事6. give up 放弃instead of 代替;反而7. turn . into 变成get married 结婚8. the main character主要人物;主人公at other times在另外一些时候9. be abl
12、e to 能;会come out （书、电影等）出版10. become interested in对感兴趣walk to the other side 走到另一边去11. a fairy tale 一个神话故事the rest of the story故事的其余部分12. leave sb. to do sth.让某人做某事make a plan to do sth.筹戈ll/计戈ll做某事13. go to sleep 去睡觉lead sb. to sp.把某人领到某地14. get lost 迷路change one s plan 改变计划15. tell sb. to do sth.叫
13、某人做某事in the moonlight 在月光下16. find one s way home找到某人回家的路the next day 第二天17. send sb. to sp.派某人去某地二、重点句型1. W hat do you thin k about/of. ?So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？2. It doesn t seem adj. to do sth .11 doesn t seem very possible to move a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. T
14、his is because.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自 己变成不同的动物或东西。4. sothat+从句Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。5. It take sb. som
15、e time to do sth .Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。6. . not.until十从句Don t eat it until you get to the forest,你们到达森林之后才能吃。Unit 7 What s the highest mountain in the world?一、重点短语as big as 与一样大1. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之feel f
16、ree to do sth.随意地做某事2. as far as I know 据我所知man-made objects 人造物体3. part of. 的组成部分the highest mountain 最高的山脉4. in the world在世界上any other mountain 其他任何一座山5. of all the salt lakes在所有的咸水湖中run along 跨越6. freezing weather 冰冻的天气take in air呼吸空气7. the first people to do sth.第一个做的人in the face of difficulties
17、 面临危险8. give up doing sth.放弃做某事achieve one s dream实现某人的梦想9. the forces of nature 自然界的力量reach the top 到达顶峰10. even though 虽然;尽管at birth在出生的时候11. be awake 醒着run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去12. walk into sb.撞到某人fall over 摔倒13. take care of 照顾;照料every two years 每两年14. cut down the forests 砍伐林木endangered
18、animals 濒危动物15. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少be in danger处于危险之中16. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性二、重点句型It is -adj+ (fo r sb.) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。1.1. . is because.One of the main reasons is because people want to c
19、hallenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。1.2. . show(s) that.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己 的梦想。4. How high/ deep/. is . ?How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？5. Although.,Althou
20、gh Japan is older than Canada, it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend time/money doing sth.20. go to a doctor 看医生go along 沿着走21. on the side of the road 在马路边shout for help 大声呼救22. without thinking twice 没有多想get off 下车23. have a heart problem 有心脏病to one s surprise 使惊讶的24. thanks
21、to 多亏了 ;由于in time 及时25. save a life挽救生命get into trouble 造成麻烦26. right away 立刻;马上because of 由于27. get out of离开;从出来hurt oneself 受伤28. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎fall down 摔侄U29. feel sick感到恶心have a nosebleed 流鼻血30. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖put her head back把她的头向后仰Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day ea
22、ting about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花12个多小时的时间吃大约10公斤的竹子。Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?一、重点短语on page 25 在第 2 5 页1. the back of the book 书的背面hurry up赶快;匆忙2. in two weeks在两周之内go out to sea 出海3. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿w rite about写作关于的内容4. finish doing sth,做完某事wait for anothe
23、r ship等待另一艘船到来5. learn to do sth.学会做某事grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜6. a few weeks ago几个星期前the marks of another man s feet另一个人的脚印not long after that 不久之后7. run towards sp.跑向某地use. to do sth.用来做某事8. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记read the newspaper 看报9. science fiction 科幻小说can t wait to do st
24、h.迫不及待地做某事10. a good way to wake up醒来的一个好办法number of people 人数11. used to do sth.（过去）常常做某事study abroad在国外学习12. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事come to realize 开始意识到13. ever since then 自从那时起the southern states of America美国的南部地区belong to 属于14. be kind to each other 善待彼此trust one another 互相信任15. the beauty of na
25、ture 大自然的美have been to sp. 去过某地16. do some research on sth. 对做研究hope to do sth.希望做某事17. see sb. do sth.看到某人做某事the first line in the song 歌曲的第一行18. enjoy success in 享受的成功at the end of the二、重点句型Have you yet? Have you read Little Women yet?你读过小妇人吗？一 Yes, I have. /N o, I haven t.是的，我读过。/不，我没有。1. Has. ye
26、t? 一 Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过金银岛这本书吗？ Yes, she has. She thinks i t s fantastic.是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。2. Would you like . ? Would you like something to drink?你要来点喝的吗？4.1 heard. I heard you lost your key.我听说你丢钥匙了。5. came to realize how much. She came to realize how much she actually missed all o
27、f them.她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?一、重点短语at night在夜晚in a more natural environment在一个更加自然的环境中all year round 一年至U头;终年be far from 离远in the dark在黑暗中in the past 在过去have been to sp. 去过某地science museum科学博物馆history museum历史博物馆amusement park 游乐园go somewhere different 去不 同 的地方
28、go skating去滑冰take the subway 坐地铁a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon 个过周六下午的好方 法all the old movie cameras所有的古老的电影摄影机learn about sth.解有关。的情况on the weekend 在周末camp in the mountains 在大山里露营put up a tent 搭帐篷in such a rapid way以如此迅猛的方式different kinds of 各种各样的development of toilets 厕所的发展social groups
29、社会团体the tea art performances 茶艺表演make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets 用漂亮的茶具?切 一杯完美的茶a nice place to enjoy tea 个品茶的好地方thousands of数以千计的International Museum of Toilets 国际厕所博物馆the Terracotta Army 兵马俑Southeast Asia 东南亚Night Safa ri夜间动物园three quarters 四分之三an English-speaking country 个讲英语的国家
30、have problem doing sth.做某事很困难during the daytime 在白天a couple of times 好几次right now现在;目前an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园walk around the park在公园里到处走 hear of听说take a ride 兜风another province 另一个省the Bird s Nest 鸟巢encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事on the one hand. on the other hand一方面, 另一方面
31、二、重点句型1. Have you ever been to. ?Have you ever been to a science museum?你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？2. Let, s Let s go somewhere different today.我们今天去个不同的地方吧。3. It s + adj. +that. It? s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!科技以如此迅猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！4. Whether., you Ml.Whether you like Indian
32、food, Western food or Japanese food, you II find it all in Singapore!不管你喜欢印度食品、西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能 找至U!5. One great thing. is that.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。It is best to do sth.It is best to visit the zoo in t
33、he evening,最好在晚上参观这个动物园。Unit 10 I *ve had this bike for three years.一、重点短语these days目 前;现在regard with great interest以极大的兴趣关注着in order to 为了so far迄今;到现在为止in need需要not., anymore 不再welcome to sp_ 欢迎来到一：check out察看;观察board games棋类游戏one last thing最后一样东西junior high school 初 级中学clear out 清理no longer不再;不复to
34、y monkey玩具猴part with与分开to be honest说实在的ride a bike骑自行车have a yard sale进行庭院拍卖会one, s old things某人的旧东西bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆 give away 捐赠play for a while 玩一会儿do with.处置;处理search for work 找工作for the last 13 years 在过去的 13 年里the mid-20th century 20 世纪中期stay the same保持原状 according to依据;按照 in on
35、e s opinion 依看in my time在我那个年代 二、重点句型1. How long have you. ?How long have you had that bike over there?那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？2. sb. has/have done sth. for + 时间段Amy has had her favorite book for three years.艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。3. sb. has/have done sth. since.+ 时可，点 He s owned it since his fourth birthday.自他4岁生日起，
36、他拥有这个东西了。4. Somee- Others一些一其他的一Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两 次。5. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts. But, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在的，我现在巳经
37、有一段时间没有踢（足球）了。6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？7. What would you do with the money you raise?你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难mountain climbing 登山运动43. be used to doing sth.习惯做某事run out (of)用完;用尽44. so that 以便so.that如此以至于45. be
38、 in control of 掌管;管理in a difficult situation 在闲境中46. keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事make a decision 做出决定47. take risks 冒险give up 放二、重点句型What s the matter?What s the matter with you? = What s the trouble with you?= What s wrong with you?你怎么了？1. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下
39、体温吗？主语+ should/shouldn t +动词原形.You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldn t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。2. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？4.1 think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。5. She said that the man had a heart proble
40、m and should go to the hospital oUnit 2 111 help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语Clean-Up Day 清洁日1. an old people, s home 养老院help out with sth.帮助解决困难2. used to曾经过去care for关心;照顾3. the look of joy快乐的表情at the age of 在岁时4. clean up打扫（或清除）干净cheer up （使）变得更高兴;振雀5. give out分发;散发come up with 想出;提出6. make a
41、 plan 制订计戈Umake some notices 做些公告牌7. tryout试用;试行work for为工作;为.效力8. put up建造;举起;张贴hand out分发;散发;发给9. call up打电话;召集put off推迟;延迟10. for example 比如;例如raise money 筹钱;募捐11. take after 与相像;像give away赠送;捐赠12. fix up修理;修补;解决be similar to 与相似13. set up建立;设立disabled people 残疾人14. make a difference 影响;有作用be abl
42、e to 能够15. in an after-school reading program 在一个课外阅读项目中二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一，家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try
43、out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. you can see in their eyes that they, re going on a different journey with each new book.从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书 之旅。1. 1 want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7. Most
44、 people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?、重点短语.go out for dinner 出去吃饭1 .stay out late在外面待到很晚.go to the movies 去看电影3 .get a
45、ride 搭车.work on 从事4 .finish doing sth.完成做某事.clean and tidy 干净整洁5 .do the dishes 洗餐具.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾6 .fold your/the clothes 叠衣服.sweep the floor 扫地12 .make your/the bed 整理床铺.clean the living room 打扫客厅13 .no problem 没问题.welcome sb.欢迎某人14 .come home fro m school/ work 放学/下班回家.throw down 扔下15 .
46、sit down 坐下.come over 过来19 .take sb. for a walk带某人去散步.all the time 一直;总是20 .all day/evening 整日/夜.do housework 做家务21 .shout back大声回应.walk away 走开25 .share the housework 分担家务.a comfortable home 一个舍予适的家27 .in surprise 惊讶地.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西29 .watch one show 观看一个节目.hang out 闲逛30 .pass sb. st
47、h.把某物传给某人.lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人34 .get sth. wet使某物弄湿.hate to do sth.讨厌做某事35 .do chores 做杂务.help sb. (to ) d o /with sth帮助某人干事36 .bring a tent带顶帐篷来.buy some snacks 买些小吃37 .go to the store 去商店.invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会42 .makesb.dosth.使某人做某事.enough stress足够的压力44 .a waste of time 浪费时间.in order to 为了47 .get good grades 取得好成绩.mind doing sth.介