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1、2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor Don the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good par
2、ent is undoubtedly very 1, particularlysince children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 , a younger sibling.3 , theres another sort of parent thats a bit easier to 4: a patient parent.Childre
3、n of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, 5 every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 , Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a 7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.Youre only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you j
4、ust a little too far. And then the 9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over, Weve all been there.12 - even though its common, its important to keep in mind tha
5、t in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your childs self-esteem.If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of em
6、otional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one
7、of the most important of all lifers skills.Certainly, its incredibly 18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise y
8、ou this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring.A are recognized for their abilitiesB are optimistic about the labor marketC are in favor of o
9、ffice job offersD are drawing growing public attentionGeneration Zs are keenly aware.A what their parents expect of themB how valuable a counselors advice isC what a tough economic situation is likeD how they differ from past generationsThe word “assuage”(line 9, para. 2) is closest in meaning to.A
10、deepenB defineC maintainD relieveIt can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs.A give top priority to professional trainingB have a clear idea about their future jobC care little about their job performanceDJ think it hard to achieve work-life balanceMichelsen thinks that compared with mille
11、nnials, Generation Zs areA less realisticB less adventurousC more diligentD more generousPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not
12、need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Give compliments, just not too manyA Put on a good face, alwaysTailor your interactionsDJ Spend time with everyoneReveal, dont hide, informationE Slow down and listenPut yourselves in others5 shoesFive Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Of
13、ficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day, and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways tha
14、t you can get the whole office on your side.If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try to stay tight-lipped around them. But you wont be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were upfront about themsel
15、ves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or studiously stash them away, you should just be honest.Just as important as being honest about you
16、rself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether its a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause c
17、olleagues to feel you dont value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.Its common to have a cubicle mate or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should exp
18、and your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you dont always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in a
19、ddition to being a nice break in the work day.Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you dont have to be someones boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But dont overdo it or be fake about it. One study foun
20、d that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from a
21、n interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while others are more straightforward. Jokes that work on one person wont necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the
22、 person that youre dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section III Translation41. DirectionsTranslate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Its almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of f
23、ailure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that its entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as the end of the world”. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look fo
24、r the lesson were meant to learn. These lessons are very important; theyre how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can hel
25、p you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.Section IV WritingPart A42. Directions:Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an em
26、ail tol)tell them about the site, and2)give them some tips for the tour.Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name, use Li Ming instead. (10 points)Part B43. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you shouldinterpret the chart, and1) give your
27、 comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)获取信息17.0%获取信息17.0%其他2.2%消磨时间213%学习知识59.5%某高校学生手机阅读目的调查2020年考研英语二真题答案Section I Use of English9.D10.Cl.D 2.B3.A4.C5.A6.B7.A8.Cll.A 12.C13.D14.B15.D 16.C17.D18.B19.A20.BReading ComprehensionPart AText 12125Text 12125ADBCDText 22
28、630Text 33135DD ADBText 43640CDBD ADCDBBPart B41.E 42.F 43.D 44.A 45.CPartC46.人活一生几乎不可能经历某种失败。但失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取 决于我们自己。我们可以选择将失败看作“世界末日或者，我们可以把它视为绝佳的学习经 历，事实上失败往往就是如此。每次失败时，我们都可以选择从中寻找应当吸取的 教训。这些教训非常重要;它们让我们成长，让我们避免再犯同样的错误。失败不击 垮我们，除非我们自己放弃。失败也可以让我们了解自己，若非经历失败，可能永远都了解不到。例如，失败 可以帮助你发现自己有多强大。失败可以帮你
29、发现最真诚的朋友，或者帮你找到意 想不到的成功动力。Section II Writing47、48见解析1. A tedious2. A in addition3. A Fortunately4. A amuse5. A while6. A answer7. A tolerant8. A move9. A mysterious10. A boring11. A turn back12. A Overall13. A like14. A raise15. A time16. A nature17. A cheated18. A terrible19. A trying20. A hideB pl
30、easantBJ for exampleB OccasionallyB assistBJ becauseB taskB formalB dragB illogicalB naiveB take apartB InsteadB missB affectB bondB secretBJ defeatedB hardB changingB emergeC instructiveC at onceC AccordinglyC describeC unlessC choiceC rigidC pushC suspiciousC harshC set asideC HoweverC believeC ju
31、stifyC raceC importanceC confusedC strangeC excitingC withdrawD trickyD by accidentD EventuallyD trainD onceDJ accessD criticalDsendD inevitableD vagueD cover upD OtherwiseD regretD reflectDcoolD contextDJ confrontedD wrongD surprisingD escapeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirectios:Read the
32、following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Rats and other animals need to be highly attuned to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if t
33、his extends to non-living beings, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat一one social and one asocial-for four days.The robot rats were quite m
34、inimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colourful markings.During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply
35、 moved forwards and backwards and side to side.Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 per cent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. Thi
36、s suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being, says Quinn. The rats may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the r
37、obot to return the favour when they get trapped, she says .“Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them J says Quinn.The readiness of the rat
38、s to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. Wed assumed wed have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that
39、wasnt necessary, v says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots, says Wiles. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when
40、they display only simple social signals. We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too J says Wiles.21. Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats canA pick up social signals from non-living ratsB distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile oneC attain
41、 sociable traits through special trainingD send out warning messages to their fellowsWhat did the asocial robot do during the experiment?A It followed the social robot.B It played with some toys.C It set the trapped rats free.D It moved around alone.22. According to Quinn, the rats released the soci
42、al robot because they Atried to practice a means of escape.Bexpected it to do the same in return.Cwanted to display their intelligence.Dconsidered that an interesting game.23. Janet Wiles notes that rats .Acan remember other rats facial features.Bdifferentiate smells better than sizes.Crespond more
43、to actions than to looks.Dcan be scared by a plastic box on wheels.24. It can be learned from the text that rats.A appear to be adaptable to new surroundingsB are more socially active than other animalsC behave differently from children in socializingD are more sensitive to social cues than expected
44、It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about $18.
45、9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America s highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. Its not p
46、opular to say. but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S. economy.Today s CEO, at least fbr major American firms, must have many mere skills than simply being able to run the company. CEOs must have a good sense o
47、f financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them .They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant. Then theres the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling. Plus, virtually all major American companies are becoming tech