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1、2020考研英语二真题试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is und
2、oubtedly very _1_, particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2_, a younger sibling._3_, there s another sort of parent that? s a bit easier to _4_: a patient parent. Childre
3、n of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, _5_ every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 _. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a _7_ and composed style with their kids. I understand this.You re only human, and sometimes your kids can _
4、8_ you just a little too far. And then the _9happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. We ve all been there._12_, even though it s common, it s important to keep
5、 in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may _13_ for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your child s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your _15_ with your kids, then you are inadvertently mode
6、ling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the _16_ of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 1
7、7 by stress is one of the most important of all life s skills.Certainly, it s incredibly _18_ to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with _19_ situations involving your c
8、hildren. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1. A tedious B pleasant C instructive D tricky2. A in addition B for example C at once D by accident3. A fortunately B
9、occasionally C accordingly D eventually4. A amuse B assist C describe D train5. A while B because C unless D once6. A answer B task C choice D accesseffort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance. Wales has introduced special low sp
10、eed limits to minimise pollution. We re doing everything but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31. Which of the following is true about Madrid，s clean air zone?A Its effects are questionableBIt has been opposed by a judgeC It needs tougher enforcementD Its fate is yet to be decided32. Wh
11、ich is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air? A They are biased against car manufacturers.B They prove impractical for city councils.C They are deemed too mild for politicians.D They put too much burden on individual motorists.33. The author believes that the extension
12、 of London，s Ulez will .A arouse strong resistance.B ensure Khan，s electoral success.C improve the city s traffic.D discourage car manufacturing.34. Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?A Local residentsBMayors.C Councilors.D National governments.35. It can be inferred from th
13、e last paragraph that auto companies.A will raise low-emission car productionBshould be forced to follow regulationsC will upgrade the design of their vehiclesD should be put under public supervision31. D Its fate is yet to be decided解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Madrids clean air zone定位到 前两段，首段说明背景Madri
14、ds clean air zone的执行暂停。继续找第二段，尽管能够提 高空气质量，但是市长表示反对。一位法官现在否决了该市停止征收罚款的决定，下令恢复 原状。但随着法律斗争的进行，Madrids clean air zone的未来看起来也不确定。正确答 案D Its fate is yet to be decided它的命运尚未决定，是原文内容的替换表达。选项A 的Its effects are questionable.其效果值得怀疑。与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。选 项B的It has been opposed by a judge.它遭到法官的反对。文中法官反对的并不是Madrids
15、clean air zone,而是停止征收罚款的决定。选项C的It needs tougher enforcement.它 需要更严格的执行。文中是执行已经停止，与原文内容不符，属于偷换概念。32. D They put too much burden on individual motorists.解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词a weakness of the city-level measures 及 tackle dirty air 定位至悌三段第二句：That s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning
16、the air on to individual drivers一who must pay fees or buy better vehiclesrather than on to the car manufacturers whose heating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.这是因为他们不可避免地把清洁空气的费用转嫁给那些必 须支付费用或购买更好车辆的司机，而不是汽车制造商，因为他们的供暖是造成我们有毒污 染的真正原因。正确答案 D They put too much burden on individual motorists.他们
17、给 个人驾车者增加了太多负担与原文内容一致。选项A的They are biased again car manufactures.他们对汽车制造商有偏见，文中提到汽车制造商，却并未提到对其有无偏见, 属于偷换概念。选项B的They prove impractical for city councils,这些措施对市议会 来说是不切实际的。选项C的They are deemed too mild for politicians.他们被认为对 政治家来说太温和了。定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。33. A arouse strong resistance解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关
18、键词extension和London s Ulez定 位到第四段:And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to rk intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.如果 Sadiq Khan 在 2021 年胜出，并 按照他的意愿将其延伸至南北环路，肯定会引发更多驾车者的强烈反对，届时他们将受到
19、影 响。正确答案A arouse strong resistance引起强烈抵抗与原文内容一致。选项B的ensure Khans electoral success确保Khans选举成功，文中提到的是如果这个人赢了，属于偷换 概念。选项C的improve the city，s traffic改善城市交通，定位段并未提到，属于无中 生有。选项D的discourage car manufacturing抑制汽车制造业也并未在定位段提到，属 于无中生有。34. D National governments解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干信息，问的是作者的具体观点。定位到第 六段：But
20、mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town. They are acting because national governments-Britain，s and others across Europe- have failed to do so.但是市长和 议员们只能对一个比任何一个城市或城镇都大得多的问题做这么多的工作。他们之所以采取 行动，是因为英国和欧洲其他国家的政府未能做到这一点。正确答案D National gover
21、nments作者认为国家政府应该解决这个问题，与原文内容一致。选项A的Local residents当地居民，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项B和C的mayors and councillors 出现在定位句，但是与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。35. B should be forced to follow regulations解析：本题目为推断题，考察具体细节的推断。根据题干信息auto companies,定位到尾 段首句：require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance 要求汽车 公司使其车辆符合要求。正确答
22、案B should be forced to follow regulations应该被迫 遵守规定，与原文信息一致。选项A的will raise low-emission car production将提高 低排放汽车产量，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项C和D的will upgrade the design of their vehicles 和 should be put under public supervision 将升级他们的车辆设计、 应该接受公众监督在原文中没有相关信息。Text4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating
23、 college this springthe most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was bom after 1995, give or take a year-the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market thats tighter than its been in decades. And employers a
24、re planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U. S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those
25、who came before them.Ifentitledis the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those bom between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and expert who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragm
26、atists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren,J t interested in taking any chances
27、. The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt. College loan balances in the U. S. now stand at a record $1. 5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that
28、 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment (followed by professional development and
29、training, and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the great good.36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring .A are recogn
30、ized for their abilitiesB are in favor of job offersC are optimistic about the labor marketD are drawing growing public attention 37. Generation Zs are keenly aware.A what a tough economic situation is likeB what their parents expect of themC how they differ from past generations D I how valuable a
31、counselors advice is 38. The word/，assuage，/ (line 9, para 2) is closet in meaning to. Adefine Brelieve C maintain D deepen39. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs.A care little about their job performanceB give top priority to professional trainingCthink it hard to achieve work-Lif
32、e balanceD have a clear idea about their future job40 Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation Zs are.Aless realistic B less adventurous Cmore diligent D more generous36. C are drawing growing public attention细节题。根据题干直接定位到文章根据提干第一段第一句话。信息选项中的“drawing growing public attention ”则对应到
33、句 中的 “the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks” (近儿周的关注度在 稳步提高)，其中attention原词复现，rising和growing同义复现;而其他的选项则与 最佳选项无缘，在定位区间中没有相应的对应信息。37. B what a tough economic situation is like;细节题。根据题干中询问 Generation Z的特点我们来到第二段。题干中的aware直接定位到第二段第四行 Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like （
34、经济列车受到重创是什么样子的）”；信息选项中的 “tough economic situation ” 则对应到句中的 “economic train wreck ；而其他的选 项则与最佳选项无缘，在定位区间中没有相应的对应信息。38. 【C】relieve;猜词题。根据题干，可以定位到第九段第二句话：“The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have colle
35、ge debt ，所以解题的关键是判断“ The booming economy （繁荣的经济）“ 和“ generational sense of anxious urgency （代际焦 虑）”的关系；根据常识判断，繁荣的经济可以降低求职者的焦虑；再结合上一道题我们知 道，Gen Zs是务实和谨慎（practical and cautious）的一代；由此可以得出繁荣的经济 并未降低求职者的焦虑，原文已有并未（have done little），选项B中的relieve （减轻） 与我们的判断一致，因此答案为C。而其它的选项A define （定义），B maintain （保持）， de
36、epen （加深）和我们的判断都不一致。39. A have a clear idea about their future jobs;推断题。题目中明确出题段落（from Paragraph 3） o 因此，第三段的第一句 chose their major with a job in mind（按照自己 的理想工作选择专业）和选项D have a clear idea about their future jobs （对自己的 未来工作有明确认识）相符合。根据原文中的第二句话（未来雇主最重要的特性是工作的稳 定性，第二位是职业发展与培训，第三位是吸引人的目标）排除答案A和B；选项C并未体
37、现。40. B less adventurous;细节题。题干中的 compared with millennials 定位到文章第二段：the catch words for Gen Zs are practical and cautious （Gen Zs 的口号是务实 和谨慎）；由此判断出选项B不爱冒险为正确答案。其余均与原文不不符。Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for
38、each numbered paragraphs （41 -45）. There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）AGive compliments, just not too many.B Put on a good face, always.C Tailor your interactions.D Spend time with everyone.E Reveal, don， t hide, informatio
39、n.F Slow down and listen.G Put yourselves in others* shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You
40、work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side41.If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around them. But you wont be helping either one of you. A Harvard B
41、usiness School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or pa
42、instakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.42. Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether its a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take
43、 time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don，t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back- and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.43. It，s common to have a “cubi
44、cle mate or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don，t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond
45、 the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to gTow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.44. Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don，t have to be someones boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a partic
46、ular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don，t overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.45. This one may be a bit more difficult to pull
47、 off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jok
48、es that work one person wont necessarily land with another, So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.41. 答案是 E Reveal, don t hide, information解析：根据段落转折句，“你这样做对谁都没有好处。”所以接下来就是作者的观点。他说 一个研究发现观察者们一直对那些和他们坦诚的人评价很高，而对那些有所隐藏的失去信 任。所以就是要真实，不要隐藏信息。42. 答案是 F Slow down and listen解析：根据段落中心句：In fact, rishing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don t value their opinions.意思是实际上，急着表达你的观 点可能会让同事们觉得你没有重视他们的观点。因此就是听取别人的观点。43. 答案是 I) Spend