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1、Lesson 11Not guilty 无罪一.单词讲解La hardened criminal(done-time)2.a tough guy3.sophisticated老练的惯犯，老手坐过牢的黑社会老大a.精通人情世故的1.guilty innocent(无罪的，无辜的;纯洁，善 良 的)【反义词】be guilty of a crimebe guilty of briberybe guilty of corruptionbe guilty of defamationbe guilty of malfeasancebe guilty of rapebe guilty of arsonsu
2、rrender oneselffeel guilty about:内疚犯罪犯有行贿罪犯有贪污罪犯有诽谤罪犯有渎职罪犯有强奸罪纵火罪自首Eg.I feel reallyguilty aboutforgetting her birthday again.我又把她的生日给忘了，对此我非常的内疚。2.tolerant a.宽容大度的（-ant：形容词词缀）Eg:My parents are really tolerant of mychoice of football.我的父母对我选择足球为职业非常宽容。（Dtolerable:a可容忍的，可接受的Eg:I find her barely tolera
3、ble.我发现她真是让人忍无可忍。3.Declare v.(正 式)宣 称，宣告(l)declare war on:对宣战Eg:Police have now declared war on drugdealers警察向毒贩子宣战。申 报Eg:Do you have anything to declare?你有要申报的吗？(3)declaration:n宣言the declaration of Independence:独立宣言(4)state v.声明Eg:A problem well stated is half solved.说清了问题就等于解决了问题的一半。4.Hardened a.H
4、ard-harden hardenedEg.a sophisticated business man.历练的商人。4.Veteran:a person who has had muchexperience,Especially as a soldier.(Da veteran statesman：有经验的政治家(2)a veteran teacher:资深的教师(a teaching veteran)=a experienced teacher(3)man of the world:精通世故的人5.professional:a.职业的 occupational:职业的vocational:职业
5、培训(Dprofessional teacher:职业教师(2)occupational school职业学校；技术学院(3)vocational school(4)regular lawyer 职业律师(5)prize fighter:拳击手(6)career diplomat:外交(7)work ethic:职业道德(8)industrial disease:职业病vocationvacationBe on vacation6.smuggler n.走私贩子smuggling:走私行为(2)drug trafficking:毒品走私trafficker:毒品走私犯(标)drug deale
6、r:毒品走私犯(口)7.pounce:v猛 抓,扑 住-ounce 快速动作bounce:(反复迅速地)弹起trounce:痛打，击败pounce on sb/sth抓住别人的小错误，立即指责(to notice a mistake and immediatelycriticize or disagree with it)eg:If you make a single mistake your boss willpounce on it.如果你犯了 一个小的错误，你的老板将会抓它来指责你。(3)crouch:下蹲，下伏 pounceEg:The crouching Tiger and Hidd
7、en Dragon.卧虎藏龙8.Perfume n.香水；香气V.洒香水(Dwear perfume:擦着香水scent 香味Eg:the scent of roses:玫瑰的花香fragrance:怡人的清香fragrant:清香怡人(2“r”：草)flagrant:臭 名 昭 著(1:虫)9.sarcastic a.(making an unkind joke on sb)a sarcastic remark:尖酸刻薄的评价 an acid comment:尖酸刻薄的评价(3)bitter words：尖酸刻薄的话Eg:there is always a sting in his word
8、s.有些人说话话里有话。(4)a sharp rebuke:严厉的斥责lO.duty:n.a tax paid on something importedor exported(1)customs duty:关 税(tax paid onimported or exported)tariff n.关税GATT-General agreement on Tariff andTrade 关税与贸易总协定(3)tax：(general expression)property tax:财产税income tax:个人所得税(4)VAT：value added tax 附 力 口 税二.课文讲解l.st
9、op:prevent(Dto stop sb doing(to prevent sb from doing)Eg:there is nothing to stop me taking thechallenge.没有任何东西可以阻止我接受这个挑战。(2)stop for sth：stop during a Journey in orderto do sth：中途停下来去做了其它的事情Eg:we stopped for a drink on the way home.我们在回家的路上停下来喝了一杯。(3)stop by:to make a short visit to a place orpers
10、on,esp.When you are on your way tosomewhere else.顺便去做某事Eg:I stopped by my motherT s on the way tomy office.(my mother*s:母亲家)2.green channel快捷通道，绿色通道 green eyed 眼红了Eg:he became green eyed when he heardthat his neighbor had got a new car.green b a c k 美钞(3)green card 绿 卡(a document that aforeigner mus
11、t have in order to work legally inthe USA)green house effect(the gradual warming ofthe air suirounding the earth as a result of heatbeing trapped by pollution)温室效应3.be made for each other:天生又 寸(suitablefor each other)Be made for(used to say that you are nothappy about your job or sth)Eg：I wasnt make
12、 for housework.我可不是用来干活的。4.on the other hand:另一方面，而表示对照的语篇标识词，用来引起新内容。(2)on the contrary:恰恰相反(showing thatyou disagree with what has just been said)Eg:A:America seems to be a paradise tomany immigrants.B：on the contrary,it is a hell.Probably it s aparadise to some of them,but on the otherhand,it s n
13、ot.5.d)go looking for troubles:到处找麻烦。Eg：To go looking for troubles doesn t meanbrave.到处找麻烦并不意味着勇敢。Eg:Never trouble troubles until troubletroubles you.自己千万不要找麻烦直到麻烦来找你。(2)get oneself in a jam:使自己陷入困境中Eg:he got himself in a jam when he promisedto take the girl out while he forgot he hadmade one alread
14、y.6.d)return from abroad:从国外回来(2)go abroad:去国外(3)study abroad:去国外学习(4)both home and abroad:国内外Eg:tourists from both home and abroad国内外游客7.particularly officious(too eager to tell peoplewhat to do)好为人师的，多事的Eg:a particularly officious guard came andtold me not to whistle in the museum.(Dbe particular
15、about:care about 在意Eg:Im not particular about food.我对食物不是特别的在意。(2)be peculiar to:only belongs to 为,所特有Eg:kimono is peculiar to Japanese.和服是日本人所特有的。(3)be unique to:为所特有Eg：Kangaroos are unique to Australia.(4)be special for:unusual 特别的Eg:You are special for me.你对我来说是不一样的，不寻常的。8.Looking me in the eye(t
16、o look directly)(Dlook at me in the eye.(X)Eg:He looked the man in the eye and told himhe was wrong.(2)look to sb/sth(to depend on someone toprovide help)指望Eg:I look to you for support.我指望得到你的支持。9.mind doing 介意做Eg:Do you mind my smoking here?unlock 打开unco ver 揭开undo 解开，松开unscrew 拧开lO.go through(1)to
17、 pass byEg:go through the Green Channel.(2)to look over carefullyEg：He went through all the books borrowedfrom the library.(3)to suffer from or experience sth badEg:Those who never go through hardship willnot appreciate happiness.use up sth 用光Eg:Peking was so expensive that we wentthrough all the mo
18、ney in one week.1 l.(l)be in a dreadful mess 一团糟(2)be in an awful mess(3)be in a terrible mess be in chaos传说中宇宙之初的混沌的状态。(chaos:吵死)at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟的 in disorder混乱，骚乱Eg:the crowd was in disorder at the sight ofthe king.in confusion(not clearly)Eg:His mind was in confusion.12.Light up:to cheer
19、up or become excitedsuddenly.Eg:The crying baby lights up with the newtoy.13.(Dshould have done本应该(而实际上没有)Eg:I should have known there was no freelunch in the world.世上没有免费的午餐14.be exempt from 免于，不用Eg:He was exempt from military servicebecause of his broken leg.(免于服军役)(l)be excused from doing sth(口 语
20、)Eg:Mum,can I be excused from swimmingtoday?be free from fear；免于恐惧Be free from care:无忧无虑Be free from anxiely:免受烦恼Be free from problem；不被问题所困扰Be independent of human interference不受人的主观支配。15.mixture:混合物A mixture of happiness and sadness；悲喜交加16.(l)as I expected:正如我所料(2)sure enough:果然(3)as might be expe
21、cted 正如我所料的(书面语)17.be greeted by 一股袭来，扑面而来Eg:I was greeted by the perfume ofjasmine when opening the window.(jasmine:茉莉花)三.成语l.Old wine in new bottles.新瓶装旧酒，换汤不换药。2.True lies at bottom of the decanter.酒后吐真言。四.补充提A.from attendingB.of attendingC.to attend.attending分析：(A)A.excuse sb from doing sth 允许某人
22、不做某事Lesson 12Life on a desert island 荒岛的生活一.单词1 .Desert dez：t n./a.沙漠di z：:tj v.离开 dessert di,z：t n.饭后甜点 the Sahara desert(North A fric a)撒哈拉大沙漠Eg:Marco polo was the frist European tocross the Gobi Desert.马可波罗是欧洲穿越戈壁沙滩的第一人。Cactus:n.仙人掌Camel:n.骆驼Oasis n.绿洲Mirage:n.海市.蜃楼(3)desert island:荒岛(4)barren mo
23、untain:光突突的illEg:He lives in the middle of nowhere.他住在人烟稀少的地方。2.island n.岛，岛屿(1)England n.Anglo-saxon:English(2)peninsula n.半岛Eg:millions of years ago,England was apeninsula.儿百万年前，英国是一个半岛。insulin n.胰 岛 素【词根】(diabetes)：糖尿病(4)insulator：绝缘体1 .George wasn t in class today,professorBrown excused him_。3.P
24、aradise:a place where it is extremelybeautiful,pleasant n.天堂，乐土(Dparasite n.寄生虫Eg:The parasite lives in the paradise.寄生虫生活在天堂。Eg:Hawaii is paradise for surfers.(surfer：冲浪者)Eg:a shopper s paradise:购物者的天堂(2)the Garden of Eden(伊甸园)In the Bible,the garden where Adam andEve,the first humans lived,often r
25、egarded asa place of happiness and innocence.(3)heaven:the place where God is believed tolive and where good people are believed to gowhen they die.天堂be in seventh heaven：to be extremelyhappy极乐Eg:I felt in seventh heaven when enrolled/admitted by my collage.当我得知被大学录取的时候我欣喜若狂。A never-never land:an im
26、aginary placewhere everything is perfect.世外桃源Eg:To many people,America is like theGarden of Eden or a never-never land.But,tomany others,ifs a hell on the contrary.on the never-never:British English,ahumorous way to say that you buy sth,usu,ahouse,on the hire-purchase system.以分期付款方式(购买)Eg:Nowadays,M
27、any people buy themselveshouses on the never-never.4.element n.成分 元素 compound(化合物，合成物)(2)the periodic table of the elements:元素周期表(3)a small amount of a quantity of feeling:少量的，有一点点儿(书面语,)(4)an element of:有一点点道理Eg:There is an element of truth in the ideathat a cat has nine lives.猫有九条命还是有一点点道理的。an ele
28、ment of risk 有一点点风险Eg:There s always an element of risk ininvestment.投资还是有一点点风险的an element of surprise:有点惊讶 an element of doubt:有点怀疑(5)the elements:the forces of nature,theweather自然力，风雨等的力量Battle against elements:与自然相抗衡(6)elementary ad j.基本的，初级的Elementary school(Am)4、学=primaryschool(Br)5.Opportunity
29、 n.机会Eg:I found it too good an opportunity to miss.大好时机不容错过(Dat every opportunity:whenever possible只要一有机会Eg:I try to speak English at every opportunity.只要一有机会就去学英语。chance:possibility强调可能性Stand good chance:大有可能的Eg:china as the largest developing country inthe world stands good chance after enteringW.
30、T.O.(3)a chance in a million=a chance veryunlikely to happen:难得的机会；千载难逢Eg:Peter found it a chance in a million to gotwork in china,for he is interested in Chinese.(4)occasion:a moment when sth happensEg.I could meet her on certain occasions.在适宜的时机和场合有机会见到他。6.coral n.:a hard red or white substancefor
31、med from the bones of very small seacreatures(Da coral necklace：一条珊瑚项链(2)a coral island:个珊瑚岛(3)a coral reef:一个珊瑚礁7.virgin Islands:维西京群岛(l)virgin:a girl who has never had sex 处女；少女The Blesssd Virgin Mary:圣母玛利亚A virgin forest：原始森林A virgin piece：处女作Virgin snow：(pure snow)白雪(2)maid:a woman who is not ma
32、rried ahouse-maid.未婚的女人；女仆(3)mermaid:a girl in story who has a fish stail instead of legs.美人鱼8.Miami 迈 阿 密(A city in the southeast offiorida in the U.S.,which is popular withtourists.9.dinghy n.a small boat for racing(l)dingy a.(Dark and dirty)A dingy room10.tanker:a ship to carry gas or liquid.Oil
33、tanker:油轮Life boat:救生船Boat:小艇Motorboat:汽艇Canoe:独木舟Ferry:渡轮；游轮Junk(中国)平底帆船Submarine:潜水艇Destroyer:驱逐舰Aircraft carrier:航空母舰Freighter：货轮Noah s a rk 诺亚方舟Background Notes:Noahs ark:in the old testament of thebible,a man chosen by god to build an ark sothat he could save his family and two of everykind of
34、animal that lived on the earth from theterrible flood which covered the earth.二.文章讲解1 .form an unrealistic picture of life:对 抱有一种不切实际的想法Eg:Most of us have formed a unrealisticpicture of marriage.2.i magine sth to be 把想 像 成(to think sthto be true)Eg:we sometimes imagine a family to be asort of paradi
35、se.我们不时的把家庭想象成种天堂。(Dthink sth to be:把想像成(2)think of sth a s:把当成a sort of(used when describing somethingin a not very exact way)Eg:what do you mean?ltr s a sort of joke.这不过是个玩笑。sort of:used to say that sth is partly true.Eg:Do you love him?OhJ sort of like him.有一点喜欢 It takes all sorts(to make a world
36、):to saythat you think sb is behaving in a stranger orcrazy w ay:不可思议Eg:He goes climbing up cliffs without rope oranything?Oh,well,it takes all sorts.3.simple and goodThe simple life:without all the problems ofthe modern worldEg：I hope one day I will enjoy the simple lifein the country side.(l)It,s
37、not as simple as that:used to say sthis not as easy as is imagined 没有想象的那么容易。Eg:I wish I could offer you more money butr m afraid ity s not as simple as that.(虚拟语气)4.The other side of the picture is quite theopposite.=the other side of the picture istotally different.Eg:I think quite the opposite.Eg
38、：It s quite another case.这完全是另外一回事。Eg:Most of us have fomed an unrealisticpicture of marriage.They sometimes images itto be a sort of paradise.But the other side ofthe picture is quite the opposite.Many peoplethink it to be a sort of tomb for love.So realitydoesnt speak the same language asimaginati
39、on.Eg:Most of have formed an unrealisticpicture of American.They sometimes imagesit to be a sort of a promising land where thecity is paved with gold.The other side of thepicture is quite the opposite.Life there is onlya desolate future.5.either make or break it：不成功则毁之(Dstarve to death:饿死(2)scare to
40、 death:怕死行ght to death:生命不息，战斗不止(4)be sick to death(of sth)讨厌死了，厌烦透了(5)starve for=be starved o f:渴望Eg:The motherless child starved for love.这个失去母亲的人极度渴望爱。6.waiting for a boat which never comesEg:I always kept standing in the hotsun,waiting for a bus which never position Topic 1:Is money the source o
41、f happiness orthe root of evil?钱是幸福之源还是万物之本？Topic 2:Is failure a good thing or a bad thing?失败是好事情还是坏事情？Topic 3:Who is better,the Liberal Artsstudents or the science students?叨 B 一个比明B一个更强呢？是文科生呢？还是理科生呢1.topic sentence(general sentence)2.passage:presentation 陈现的内容3.conclusion:论述的结果Eg:I think failure
42、be a bad thing which canbe tumed into a good one.我认为挫折，失败是可以转变成好事情的坏事情。Eg:My parents are both science students.When the TV is broken,my father can mend it;when the radio goes wrong,my mother can fixit,but when my computer crashed,I can repairit.So,who is better.I don t know and I don tthink anybody
43、knows.【英语作文L 匕赛之精彩回答】Eg:So suppose youre invited by a famousscientist to have dinner,but at the same time,a famous writer asked you to have dinner with,who could you choose to dine with?Eg：r 1 1 first make a phone call to the scientistto tell him thereJ s a writer who wants to dinewith him,and then
44、V 1 1 call the writer to tellhim there s a scientist who invites him todinner.And I can be a companion.英语作文比赛之精彩回答】7.(l)wished they had stayed there longer语气：陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气语气：虚拟语气语法结构和借助词汇变化实现的。但目的却是表示说话人主观的种祝愿，命令，建议，要求，或是用语法的结构变化来明确提醒对方，说话人所表达的是不可能或难以实现的愿望。英语的 subjunctive mood/thought mood 要比汉语容易得多，中
45、国人喜欢通过对方的口吻来忖度对方的态度。wish+宾 语 从 句(subjunctive mood)Hope 又不可以携带宾语从句，因为其表示说话人的愿望，其愿望快要实现或已经实现。虚拟语气的形式分为：主+wish+(lhat)+主+did/were(现在)Had done(过去)Would do(将来)总结：虚拟语气是靠谓语的特殊变化来实现的。简单记忆：虚拟语气的时态需在正常表达的基础上向前推一个时态。一般现在 一般过去do/does did一般过去 过去完成did had done一般将来 过去将来will would do虚拟语气的使用可以不受主句谓语时态的变化的影响。Practice:
46、1.1 wish I(a m)a bird.(answer:were)2.1 really wish y o u(n o t say)that,(answer:hadnt said)8.badly adv.V-Awell的反义词：糟糕的Badly decorated:装修的很糟糕seriously严重的He was badly hurt(3)want/need sth so badly 实在是太需要了Eg:you ve Got a m a il 网络情缘I want it to be you so badly.我真的希望那个人就是你。9.1oad v.Be loaded with 载满了Eg:
47、country people stagger home loaded withas many goods as they can carry.乡村居民载着很多物品踉踉跄跄的回家了。u n lo ad 卸货download下载be loadedrich腰缠万贯的drunk醉醺醺的10.can 罐 BrTin 听 AmCanned fish：鱼罐头Gas can:煤气罐A can of worms:一大堆烦心事11.prove vNot prove(to be)a problem:这算不上什么问题Prove(to be)a success:大获成功Prove difficult：十分困难(Dpro
48、of:防Water proof:防水Stain proof:防锈Fire proof：防火Bullet proof:防弹Ladder proof：防抽丝现象12.collect v收集后整理：Collect stampsCollect coinsCollect cardsCollect money:筹钱Collect sb:(去接某人)gather：集中Gather one s thought:集中思绪Gather up courage 鼓起勇气13.fish n.鱼Eg:give me a fish 1 1 eat for a day and teachme to fish,I*1 1 ea
49、t for a life w ith.(教我捕鱼的方法，我将受用终身)(Das sb put(s)it:used to repeat what sb elsehas said转述(正如某人所说的那样)Eg:As Shakespeare put it:woman,yourname is frailty.(脆弱)Eg:As one commentator puts it:New York isthe social Olympic the rest are just tryouts/Try-out:尝试，(角色，运动员)选拔(正如一个评论家所说的那样，纽约才是社交界的奥林匹克)(2)eat like
50、 kings:吃的象国王一样好Eat like beggars:吃的象乞丐一样差Eat like a bird：吃的特别少Eat like a horse：食量大Work like a horse：勤勤恳恳；任劳任怨14.Genuine a.真的Genuine leather：真皮Genuine signature:真笔签名Genuine love：真正的爱情Authentic Chinese food:真正的中国菜(authentic：地地道道，真正的)三.成语1 .under the weather(slightly ill):偶感微恙Eg:you look a bit under the