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1、Section/topic#Checklist itemReported on page #TITLETitle1Identify the report as a systematic review, meta-analysis, or both.ABSTRACTStructured summary2Provide a structured summary including, as applicable: background; objectives; data sources; study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventi
2、ons; study appraisal and synthesis methods; results; limitations; conclusions and implications of key findings; systematic review registration number.INTRODUCTIONRationale3Describe the rationale for the review in the context of what is already known.Objectives4Provide an explicit statement of questi
3、ons being addressed with reference to participants, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS).METHODSProtocol and registration5Indicate if a review protocol exists, if and where it can be accessed (e.g., Web address), and, if available, provide registration information including
4、 registration number.Eligibility criteria6Specify study characteristics (e.g., PICOS, length of follow-up) and report characteristics (e.g., years considered, language, publication status) used as criteria for eligibility, giving rationale.Information sources7Describe all information sources (e.g.,
5、databases with dates of coverage, contact with study authors to identify additional studies) in the search and date last searched.Search8Present full electronic search strategy for at least one database, including any limits used, such that it could be repeated.Study selection9State the process for
6、selecting studies (i.e., screening, eligibility, included in systematic review, and, if applicable, included in the meta-analysis).Data collection process10Describe method of data extraction from reports (e.g., piloted forms, independently, in duplicate) and any processes for obtaining and confirmin
7、g data from investigators.Data items11List and define all variables for which data were sought (e.g., PICOS, funding sources) and any assumptions and simplifications made.Risk of bias in individual studies12Describe methods used for assessing risk of bias of individual studies (including specificati
8、on of whether this was done at the study or outcome level), and how this information is to be used in any data synthesis.Summary measures13State the principal summary measures (e.g., risk ratio, difference in means).Synthesis of results14Describe the methods of handling data and combining results of
9、 studies, if done, including measures of consistency (e.g., I2)for each meta-analysis.Page 1 of 2Section/topic#Checklist itemReported on page #Risk of bias across studies15Specify any assessment of risk of bias that may affect the cumulative evidence (e.g., publication bias, selective reporting with
10、in studies).Additional analyses16Describe methods of additional analyses (e.g., sensitivity or subgroup analyses, meta-regression), if done, indicating which were pre-specified.RESULTSStudy selection17Give numbers of studies screened, assessed for eligibility, and included in the review, with reason
11、s for exclusions at each stage, ideally with a flow diagram.Study characteristics18For each study, present characteristics for which data were extracted (e.g., study size, PICOS, follow-up period) and provide the citations.Risk of bias within studies19Present data on risk of bias of each study and,
12、if available, any outcome level assessment (see item 12).Results of individual studies20For all outcomes considered (benefits or harms), present, for each study: (a) simple summary data for each intervention group (b) effect estimates and confidence intervals, ideally with a forest plot.Synthesis of
13、 results21Present results of each meta-analysis done, including confidence intervals and measures of consistency.Risk of bias across studies22Present results of any assessment of risk of bias across studies (see Item 15).Additional analysis23Give results of additional analyses, if done (e.g., sensit
14、ivity or subgroup analyses, meta-regression see Item 16).DISCUSSIONSummary of evidence24Summarize the main findings including the strength of evidence for each main outcome; consider their relevance to key groups (e.g., healthcare providers, users, and policy makers).Limitations25Discuss limitations
15、 at study and outcome level (e.g., risk of bias), and at review-level (e.g., incomplete retrieval of identified research, reporting bias).Conclusions26Provide a general interpretation of the results in the context of other evidence, and implications for future research.FUNDINGFunding27Describe sourc
16、es of funding for the systematic review and other support (e.g., supply of data); role of funders for the systematic review.From: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 6(7): e1000097. doi:10.1371/journal.pmedl 000097For more information, visit: .Page 2 of 2