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1、时文阅读与练习：微型回收厂？吃塑料的“超级蠕虫”塑料污染一直是困扰人们的重大环境问题。近日，澳大利亚的科学家 们在寻找解决塑料垃圾的方法时，发现了一种爱吃塑料的“超级蠕虫”，它 们仅靠进食塑料就能生存下来。这种超级蠕虫也叫大麦虫，实际上在生活 中很常见。科学家希望这种“升级版”的生物循环能为人类提供塑料垃圾回 收的新思路，从而减少垃圾填埋量。阅读短文并回答问题A recent report revealed that, in the US alone, 27 million tons of plastic ended up in landfills in 2018, but only 3.1
2、million tons were recycled. Worldwide the numbers are similarly bad, with just 9% of plastic being recycled. The statistics are even worse for certain types of plastic. For example, out of 80,000 tons of polystyrene （聚苯乙烯）containers generated in the United States, only a small amount （less than 5,00
3、0 tons） was recycled.Now, researchers at The University of Queensland have found a species of worm with an appetite for polystyrene could be the key to plastic recycling on a mass scale. The superworm can eat through polystyrene, thanks to a bacterial enzyme （酶）in their gut. To study how superworms
4、react to purely plastic food, researchers broke up 135 of the creatures into three teams: one was fed only wheat bran （秋皮）,another was fed only plastics, and the third was given nothing.“We found the bran-fed worms have been significantly healthier than the plastic-fed or starved worms, more than do
5、ubling their weight over the three weeks they have been monitored. Though the plastic-fed worms made less impressive gains, they still put on more weight than the starved worms,n Dr. Rinke said. This suggests the worms can get energy from plastics, most likely with the help of their gut microbes.nRe
6、searchers used a technique called metagenomics to find several encoded enzymes with the ability to degrade polystyrene. The long-term goal is to engineer enzymes to degrade plastic waste in recycling plants.“Superworms are like mini recycling plants, eating the polystyrene and then feeding it to the
7、 bacteria in their gut, Dr. Rinke said. Ifs hoped this bio-upcycling will promote plastic waste recycling and reduce landfills. Researchers said they aim to grow the gut bacteria in the lab and further test its ability to degrade polystyrene. Then they can look into how to upscale this process to a
8、level required for an entire recycling plant.1 . What problem do the statistics in paragraph 1 indicate? A. Landfills are poorly managed.B. Plastics are recycled at a very low rate.C. Many plastic containers are of poor quality.D. It takes a long time for plastic waste to break up.2 .How do research
9、ers conduct the study on superworms?A. Bycollecting data.B. By making a comparison.C. By introducing a concept.D. By referring to a previous study.3.What can we infer from Dr. Rinkes words?A.Plastic-fed worms had a decline in weight.B. Superworms showed little interest in wheat bran.C.Superworms cou
10、ld survive on only eating polystyrene.D. Bran-fed worms had a longer lifespan than plastic-fed worms.4- What do researchers plan to do?A. Conduct experiments on other worm species.B.Improve gut bacterias ability to degrade plastics.C.Apply the bio-upcycling technology to recycling plants.D.Raise sup
11、erworms on a mass scale to solve plastic pollution.（答案：BBCC）生词1. .gut。.消化道，肠道；内脏2. microbe。,细菌；微生物3. metagenomics 。,宏基因组学4. encode 4把编码5. degrade v.降解语块1. on a mass scale 大规模上也2. recycling plants 回收工厂知识拓展1. The University of Queensland昆士兰大学，简称“昆大”“UQ”，始建于1909年，坐落在澳大利亚昆士 兰州，是当地第一所综合型大学，也是世界五十强名校、世界著名
12、顶尖学府、 著名高等科研学府之一，同时还是澳大利亚常春藤联盟“八大名校”之一。昆士兰大学作为澳洲八大联盟之一，位居世界大学排名 第36位，2023QS世界大学排名第50位，2023THE世界大学排名第53位。 在2022年泰晤士高等教育世界大学学科排名中，昆士兰大学商科排名全球 第39位、全澳第1位。2. polystyrene聚苯乙烯是指由苯乙烯单体经自由基加聚反应合成的聚合物，化学式是 (C8H8)no它是一种无色透明的热塑性塑料，具有高于100C的玻璃转化温 度，因此经常被用来制作各种需要承受开水的温度的一次性容器，以及一次 性泡沫饭盒等。2017年10月27日，世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构公布的致癌物清 单初步整理参考，聚苯乙烯在3类致癌物清单中。