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1、 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 阅读理解阅读理解D篇篇说明文或议论文说明文或议论文 阅读理解说明文涵盖人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题，语境涉及到的内容贴近学生实际生活，与社会发展紧密相连如人的生活方式、社会交往、竞走运动、科技发展、人与动物、人与家庭等方面。而阅读理解议论文主要考察学生的逻辑思维能力，做出正确的判断，如对待书籍的态度、跨文化沟通之中的包容与合作等等。议论文高考中考察的频率不高，考生可以通过针对性的训练从根本上提高阅读能力，以便做好该题型，力求阅读满分。1.主题语境范围广泛，联系生活实际。主题语境范围广泛，联系生活实际。主题语境
2、较为丰富，内容贴近生活，生活方式、社会交往、竞走运动、科技发展、人与动物、人与家庭、人类与环境、社会进步、自然科学的研究成果等等。2.阐述事实为主，对学生深层思维要求高。阐述事实为主，对学生深层思维要求高。说明文的文体特征明显，阐述事实信息为主，文章理解难度大，干扰项多，需要考生具备扎实的语言功底，才能更好更准确地确定答案。3.阅读理解以说明文为主，议论文为辅。阅读理解以说明文为主，议论文为辅。说明文的选题涵盖了课程标准的三大主题，以人与社会、人与自我为主，新高考也延续了以往的出题特点和命题规律，考生需要有坚实的阅读基础，才能力保不失分。1.先看题目设问，确定问题先看题目设问，确定问题 快速阅
3、读问题，弄懂问的什么，确定问题。这需要考生精准把控关键词，稍有粗心大意，就会选错答 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 案。2.迅速定位到原文关键信息迅速定位到原文关键信息 用平时精读课文的扫读和查读能力，迅速匹配问题中的关键信息和原文中的关键句子，仔细阅读含有关键信息的句子。3.最佳关联，确定答案最佳关联，确定答案 根据文章关键信息的意思，仔细比对，仔细排查，熟练运用排除法，迅速确定答案。Passage 1 Daniel Anderson,.a famous psychologist believes its important to distingu
4、ish televisions influences on children from those of the family.We tend to blame TV,he says,for problems it doesnt really cause,overlooking our own roles in shaping childrens minds One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a childs ability to think and to understand the worldWhile w
5、atching TV,children do not merely absorb words and images.Instead,they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they seeActually,children learn early the psychology of characters in TV showsFurthermore,as many teachers agree,children understand far more when parents watch TV with them,expla
6、ining new words and ideas.Yet,most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainmentBut according to Anderson,the amount of time spent watch
7、ing television is not related to reading ability.TV doesnt take the place of reading for most children;it takes the place of similar sorts of reconsecration as listening to the radio and playing sportsThings like parents educational background have a stronger influence on a childs reading“A childs r
8、eading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.”Anderson says Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ scores and affects school performance But here,too,Anderson notes that no studies have proved itIn fact,research suggests that its the other way around 学
9、习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571“If youre smart young,youll watch less TV when youre older，”Anderson saysYet,people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to childrenHowever,by showing that television promotes
10、none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed,Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences 32.What can children learn by watching TV?A.Images through words.B.More than explicit meanings.C.More about images than words.D.Little about peoples psy
11、chology.33.An educational program is best watched by a child A.on his own B.with other kids C.with his parents D.with his teachers 34.Which of the following is most related to childrens reading ability?A.Radio-listening.B.Television-watching.C.Parents reading list.D.Parents educational background.35
12、.Which may Anderson agree with?A.The more a child watches TV,the smarter he is.B.The younger a child is,the more he watches TV.C.The smarter a child is,the less likely he gets addicted to TV.D.The less a child watches TV,the better he performs at school.Passage 2 The baby monkey is much more develop
13、ed at birth than the human baby.Almost from the moment it is born,the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother.During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large,warm,and soft object in its environment,particularly if that object also gives
14、it milk.After a week or m,however,the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on“mother”一 the real mother or the mother-substitute.During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 a mon
15、key mother has to give to its baby.The Harlows,a couple who are both psychologists,discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes一 one covered with cloth 4nd one made of bare wire.If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature,the little monke
16、ys always preferred the cloth mother.However,if the wire model was heated,while the cloth model was cool,for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites.Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth
17、 mother.Why is cloth preferable to bare wire?Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer,and a most powerful influence it is.Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers skins,putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can.Whene
18、ver the young animal is frightened,disturbed,or annoyed,it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.Wire doesnt“rub”as well as does soft cloth.Prolonged(长时间的)“contact comfort”with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is e
19、ither warmth or milk.According to the Harlows,the basic quality of babys love for its mother is trust.If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother,the baby ignores the toys no nutter how interesting they might be.It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball.If its
20、cloth mother it now introduced into the playroom,the baby rushed to it and holds onto it for dear life.After a few minutes of contact comfort,it obviously begins to feel more secure.it then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys,but often rushes back for a deep embrace
21、(拥抱)as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its“mother.”32.Psychologically,what does the baby monkey desire most during the f
22、irst two weeks of its life?A.Warmth.B.Milk.C.Contact.D.Trust.33.After the first two weeks of their life,baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is _.A.larger in size B.closer lo them C.less frightening and less disturbing D.more comfortable to rub against 34.What d
23、ocs the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged“contact comfort”?A.Attention.B.Softness.C.Confidence.D.Interest.35.It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,_.A.it frequently rushed back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys B.it spends more time screaming to get rewards C.it i
24、s less attracted to the toys though they are interesting D.it cares less about whether its mother is still around 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 Passage 3 Doctor are known to be terrible pilots.They dont listen because they already know it all.I was lucky:became a pilot in 1970,almost ten yea
25、rs before I graduated from medical school.I didnt realize then,but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger,faster planes,and in worse weather.I learned about crew resource management,or CRM,a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen an
26、d speak up for a good result,regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that,an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying;I was safety pilot He was so busy because of the b
27、ad turn,he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架)down.He was a better pilot-and my boss-so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had to:Our lives were in danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM,and Ive use
28、d it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite,the doctor doesnt overreact,which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when Im in the operating room,I ask for id
29、eas and help from others.Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue to encourage them,someday someone will keep me from”landing gear up”.Doctor are known to be terrible pilots.They dont listen because they already know it all.I was lucky:became a pilot in 1970,almost ten
30、years before I graduated from medical school.I didnt realize then,but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger,faster planes,and in worse weather.I learned about crew resource management,or CRM,a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen
31、 and speak up for a good result,regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that,an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying;I was safety pilot He was so busy because of th
32、e bad turn,he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架)down.He was a better pilot-学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 and my boss-so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had to:Our lives were in danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first re
33、al lesson in the power of CRM,and Ive used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite,the doctor doesnt overreact,which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So w
34、hen Im in the operating room,I ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue to encourage them,someday someone will keep me from”landing gear up”.32.What dose the author say about doctors in general?A.They like flying by themselves.B.They a
35、re unwilling to take advice.C.They pretend to be good pilots.D.They are quick learners of CRM.33.When did the author deepen his understanding of the power of CRM?A.When he saved the plane by speaking up.B.When he was in charge of a flying task.C.When his boss landed the plane too late.D.When his bos
36、s operated on a patient.34.What do the underlined words”landing gear up”probably mean?A.Following flying requirements.B.Overreacting to different opinions.C.Listening to what fellow doctors say.D.Making a mistake that may cost lives.35.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.CRM:
37、A New Way to Make Flying Safe B.Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor C.The Making of a Good Pilot D.A Pilot-Turned Doctor 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 Passage 4 As more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fa
38、ct,half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geogr
39、aphic among themhave for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University,who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.His recently published book,A Grammar
40、 of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,working,and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin,who seeks to include other languages and oral tradi
41、tions across the Himalayan reaches of India,Nepal,Bhutan,and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs,films,tape recordings,and field noteswhich
42、 had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now,through the two organizations that he has founded the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project _Turin has started a campaign to make such documents,for the world available not just to scholars but to the
43、younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32.What are many scholars making efforts to do?A.Promote globa
44、l languages.B.Rescue disappearing languages.C.Search for language communities.学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 D.Set up language research organizations.33.What does“that tradition in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Having full records of the languages B.Writing books on language teaching.C.Telling stori
45、es about language users D.Living with the native speaker.34.What is Turins book based on?A.The cultural studies B.The documents available at Yale.C.His language research in Bhutan.D.His personal experience in Nepal.35.Which of the following best describe Turins work?A.Write,sell and donate.B.Record,
46、repair and reward.C.Collect,protect and reconnect.D.Design,experiment and report.Passage 5 Conflict is on the menu tonight at the caf La Chope.This evening,as on every Thursday night,psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of Frances favorite pastimes,coffee drinking and the“talking cure”.Here they
47、 are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isnt always easy.They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under$2(plus drinks)per session-care quick to intellectualize(!#$)，slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say one feels,or people think,”Lehane told them.“Say I thi
48、nk,Think me.”A caf society where no intellectualizing is allowed?It couldnt seem more un-French.But Lehannes psychology caf is about more than knowing oneself:Its trying to help the citys troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years,Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-
49、longer working hours,a fast 学习资料分享/升学政策解读/优质师资推荐 咨询电话：18020133571 food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology,history,and engineering are catching on,filling tables well into the evenin
50、g.The citys psychology cafes,which offer great comfort,are among the most popular places.Middle-aged homemakers,retirees,and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love,anger,and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehannes group just to learn to say what they feel.“Theres a strong