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1、动词不定式专题复习1.基本形式to+动词原形（有时可以不用to）2.特点A.没有人称和数的变化B.可以有自己的宾语和状语3.肯定和否定形式肯定形式是todo否定形式是nottodo4.功能：在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可担任除谓语外的其它任何成分动词不定式1.动词不定式作主语To help you is my pleasure=Its my pleasure to help you.很乐意帮助你。不定式作主语时，常用it作为形式主语，而把真正的主语的不定式结构后置。(阅读理解的指代题有时会考)结构为 It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+动词不定式1.动词不定式作主语注意：在k
2、ind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。Its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。It+be+adj.(+for sb.)+动词不定式 意为对某人来说做某事是.的。如：Its healthy for you to do sports everyday.对你来说每天做运动是健康的。2.动词不定式作表语My work is to clean the house everyday.我的工作就是每天打扫这个房子。多数情况下，不定式作表语可以转换为作主语。=To clean the house is my work.
3、3.动词不定式作宾语Suddenly it began to rain.（to rain 作began的宾语）突然天开始下雨。1）常见“动词+动词不定式”的动词有：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：I want to be a teacher in the future.我未来想成为一名老师。典型例题（2020年江西中考完型填空B节选）Since 2012,the bus has visited lots of schools in Chile,and hundreds of teachers have learned how (m
4、ake)their science classes fun and exciting.答案解析：to make 考查动词不定式和特殊疑问词how连用，在本句中充当宾语。2)stop，forget，remember，try 等词或短语后面可以接不定式，这些动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。stop to do sth 停下去做另一件事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事（未做）forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）remember to do sth 记得去做某事（未做）remember doing sth 记得做
5、过某事（已做）try to do sth 尽力做某事try doing sth 试着做某事3.动词不定式作宾语3.动词不定式作宾语3）和疑问词who,what,when,where,how,which等连用作tell,ask,know,show等动词的宾语。如：I dont know what to do.我不知道做什么。She showed us how to do it.她向我展示怎样去做那东西。4）用it作形式宾语,将真正的宾语置后。(阅读理解的指代题有时会考)如：I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。4.动词不定式作宾
6、语补足语Mr.Li told us not to play computer games.李老师告诉我们不要玩电脑游戏。（us在句中作宾语，not to play 补充说明us 不要做的事）l常见“动词+sb+动词不定式”的动词有：ask、encourage、wish、advise、tell、allow、want、hope等 My mother encourages me to learn English.我妈妈鼓励我学英语。4.动词不定式作宾语补足语注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让
7、(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：My mother made me do the dishes.(make sb.do sth.)I to do the dishes by my mother.妈妈让我洗盘子。(sb.be made to do sth.被动还原)4.动词不定式作宾语补足语谓 语 动 词（vt.）+宾语（人/物）+不定式（作宾语补足语）ask（请）tell（关照）teach（教）want（想要）would like（想要）get（让）help（帮）invite（邀请）warn（警告）+s
8、b./sth.+to domake（使得）let（让）hear（听）see（看）feel（感觉）watch（观看）have（使得）help（帮助）+sb./sth.+(to)do5.动词不定式作定语 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词之后。这时不定式及被修饰词有动宾或者介宾关系。如果是不及物动词，介词不能省略。常见于放在复合不定代词的后面。如：Would you like something to eat?你想吃什么吗？I need a pen to write.我需要一支写字的笔。We have enough food to eat.我们有足够的吃的食物。6.动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语，其逻
9、辑主语要和句子的主语一致。常见的有作目的状语、原因状语。如：I went to the library to study English（表目的）我去图书馆学英语了。Im sorry to trouble you（表原因）很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。典型例题（2022年江西中考完型填空B节选）Wang trained very hard for many years (be)an astronaut.答案解析：to be 此处表示为了成为航天员，王亚平多年来非常努力地训练。空格处考查动词不定式作目的状语，译成为了.【Identify its function.想一想】1.Itisgoodtohelp
10、others.2.Idecidetoworkhardfromnowon.3.Idonthavetimetoplaygameswithyou.主语（it 为形式主语）定语宾语【Identify its function.想一想】4.MydreamistoworkasanastronautwhenIgrowup.5.Ihavetoworkhardtoliveanormallife.6.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmenttoclosedownthatfactory.表语目的状语宾语补足语【单选题】()1.Ihavesomething_you.A.tellB.totellC.tol
11、dD.telling()2.Bendecided_onavacationwithhisclassmates.A.togoB.goingC.goD.goes()3.Hi,Tom!Canyoutellmewhen_forNanchang?Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.leavingB.leavesC.toleaveD.areyouleavingBAC()4.Icantdecide_.YoumeanthebrownT-shirtortheblueone?A.howtogothereB.whotogowithC.wheretovisitD.whichtochoose()5.Couldyo
12、uaskhim_methisafternoon?A.callingB.callC.tocallD.called()6.Ittookhimalongtime_hishomework.A.tofinishtodoB.tofinishdoingC.finishingdoingD.finishingtodoDCB()7.Ithinkitimportant_thestudyskills.A.toknowB.knowC.knowingD.nottoknow()8.Ittookmehalfanhour_myhomeworkyesterday.A.todoB.doC.didD.doing()9.Youngpe
13、opleareencouragedtoworkhard _theirowndreams.A.achieveB.achievesC.toachieveD.achieved()10.Itisimportant_us_Englishwell.A.for,learningB.for,tolearnC.of,learningD.of,tolearnAACB【根据句意填空】1、独自过马路对于小孩来说太危险了。dangerous a little kid the road alone.2、他在找一个住的房间。He is looking for a room .3、她的梦想是成为一名医生。Her dream
14、is .4、为了保护环境我们应该做我们能够做的一切事情。We should do everything we can the environment.Itforisto crossto liveinto be a doctortoprotect【用所给词的适当形式填空】1.Pleasetelltheboy_thecoat.(takeoff)2.Heisoldenough_（join)thearmy3.Iamsorry.Iforgot_（tell)youthenews4.Doyouknowwhat_(do)next?5.Thedoctordidwhathecould_(save)theoldma
15、n.6._(improve)English,youmustpractiseasmuchaspossible.1.totakeoff2.tojoin3.telling4.todo5.tosave6.Toimprove动词不定式1.作主语2.作表语3.作宾语4.作宾语补足语5.作定语6.作状语1.基本形式1.肯定式(to)do 2.否定式 not (to)do 2.句法作用总 结（一）常用结构1.want to do 2.would like to do 3.hope to do 4.wish to do 5.decide to do 6.plan do 7.refuse to do 8.fail
16、 to do 9.manage to do 10.agree to do11.learn to do 12.happen to do13.need to do 想要想要做希望做希望做决定做计划做拒绝做做某事失败设法做同意做学会做偶然发生需要做14.pretend to do15.offer to do 16.promise to do17.be sure to do18.seem to do19.expect to do 20.try ones best to do 21.cant afford to do 22.advise sb to do23.cantwait to do24.allow
17、 sb to do25.encourage sb to do 假装做提供做承诺做确定做似乎要发生期待做尽力做负担不起做建议某人做迫不及待做允许某人做鼓励某人做（二）句型Its+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事怎么样Its+adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是太怎么样了Its best for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb.to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了too.（for sb.）to 太.而不能=notenough to doprefer to do sth.rather than do
18、 sth.宁愿.而不愿.（常考）something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西sth.is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易There is no time(for sb.)to do sth.对（某人来说）没时间做某事了There is no need(for sb.)to do sth.对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth.尽力去做某事It takes sb.some time/money to do sth.花费某人.时间/金钱做某事（常考）中考英语中，不定式的考点经常出现在完形填空的选择题、填词变形题、阅读理解的指代题以及一些固定用法、句型中。同学们掌握了这一知识点，也可以避免自己在写作中犯的一些小错，提高自己的分数。中考就在眼前，同学们要查漏补缺的还很多，继续努力加油吧！Thanks for your listening