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1、2022学年第二学期高三英语教学质量调研试卷（考试时间120分钟;满分140分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once
2、. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Discussing a term paper.B. Finalizing a contract.C.Drawing up a business plan.D. Reviewing a co-authored article.2. A.
3、 Mary missed her class last week.B. Her overcoat is as pretty as Marys.C. Mary wore the overcoat last week.D. She is in the same class as the man.3.A. She needs to rest for a while.B. She has to finish a paper.C. She wants to attend a literature class.D. Shes just dnink a cup of coffee.4. A. He join
4、ed in the rescue operation.B. He was pleased to get the medal.C. He got away safe with his family.D. He used to be a firefighter.5. A. Letter writing is going out of style.B. Only true friendship can last long.C. Shes lost contact with most of her old friends.D. She keeps in regular touch with her c
5、lassmates.6. A. He has no appreciation of abstract paintings.31. A. levelsB. formationsC. strugglesD. reserves32. A. randomB. delicateC. mechanicalD. insensible33. A. heightensB. assumesC. minimizesD. identifies34. A. restorationsB. calculationsC. conditionsD. projections35 A. hopelesslyB. extremely
6、C. guardedlyD. cheerfully【答案】21.C 22. D23. A 24. B25. A 26. B 27. D28. C 29. B 30. C 31D 32. B 33. A34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了加州今年干旱减轻的现状，以及一些新的担忧。21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于最近的一系列风暴，该州超过三分之一的地区现在迎来了健康的降水量，随 着时间的推移，加利福尼亚州的积雪个重要的水源一一在内华达山脉的一些地区已经达到了季节平均水平的两倍左右。A. According to 根据;B. With respect to 关于;C.
7、 Than 的四由于;D. In addition to 除了。 根据上文 “After five long years, it appears Californias drought is finally becoming less severe.（经过漫长的五年， 加州的干旱似乎终于减轻了。）”可知，干旱得到缓解，而下文指出的就是缓解的原因。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：由于最近的一系列风暴，该州超过三分之一的地区现在迎来了健康的降水量，随着 时间的推移，加利福尼亚州的积雪一一一个重要的水源一一在内华达山脉的一些地区已经达到了季节平均 水平的两倍左右。A. official
8、官方的：B. exhauslible用得尽的；C. unexpected未料想的：D. crucial至关重要 的。根据本句“snowpack （积雪）”可知，积雪是重要水源。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与去年夏天相比，这有了显著的改善，当时该州的每一寸土地都经历了干旱。A. experienced 经历；B. improved 提升；C. worsened 恶化；D. investigated 调查。根据本句搭配 “every inch of the state（该州的每一寸土地）”和“drought conditions （干旱状况）”可知，此处指的是这个州去年暑假到处
9、都 很干旱，即经历了干旱。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对加州人来说也是个好消息，自2014年初州长杰里布朗宣布进入紧急状态 以来,他们面临着一系列的用水限制。A. pollution污染;B. restrictions限制;C. pressure压力；D. cycles循 环。根据下文Farmers have been forced to spend heavily to maintain production.（农民们被迫花费巨资来维持 生产。）”可知，因为干旱，包括农民在内的加州人遭受了很多麻烦，这是因为政府限制用水。故选B项。25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而
10、，该州的水资源斗争远未结束。A. nevertheless然而;B. therefore因此；C. meanwhile 同时；D. moreover 而目根据上文Thats a dramatic improvement over last summer, when literally every inch of （he stale experienced drought conditions.（与去年夏天相比，这有了显著的改善，当时该州的每一 寸土地都经历了干旱。）”可知，上文指出情况有好转，但本段接着却说斗争未结束，这是一个不好的现象， 即前后文存在转折关系。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容
11、词辨析。句意：尽管最近一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸，但风暴预报的准确性在一周后仍然不可 靠。A. accurate精准的；B. plentiful丰富的；C. consistent连贯的；D. emergent紧急的。根据本句破折号后的 说明in some places more than 80 inches （一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸）”可知，降雨量充足。故选B项。 【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管最近一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸，但对一周以后的风暴预报的准确性仍然 不可靠。A. productive 多产的；B. unchangeable 无法改变的；C. progressiv
12、e 进步的；D. unreliable 靠不住的。 根据下文“The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there.（这种预测的技巧尚未存在）”可知，天气预测的 技巧尚不成熟，可推测准确性不可靠。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这从来没有发生过。A. fell behind落后；B. broke down出故障;C. came about *11 现;D. took off 腾飞。根据上文 Californians know this all too well: last year, experts projected
13、a Godzilla” El Nino that would bring record levels of precipitation.（加州人非常清楚这一点：去年，专家预测“哥斯拉”厄尔 尼诺现象将带来创纪录 降水量。）”可知，专家预测了降水；而下文“The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there.（这种预测的技巧尚未存在。）”可知，天气预测的技巧尚不成熟，因此专家的推测并不准确， 其推测的创纪录的降水量并未出现。故选C项。【29题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：换句话说，风暴减缓是一种非常现实的可能性，它可能会使加利福尼亚州没有足够
14、的 水来度过干燥的夏天。A. Or else要不然;B. In other words换言之：C. At that point就在那时；D. Above all 总之。根据本句 a storm slowdown is a veiy real possibilityand it could leave California without enough water to make it through the dry summer.（风暴减缓是一种非常现实的可能性，它可能会使力11利福尼亚州没有足够的 水来度过干燥的夏天。）”可知，此处延续上文，继续描述对降水量的推测，即是换一种方式说明上文提及
15、 的预测。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：历史上，当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。A.Literally 字面意思地；B. Contrarily 反之；C. Historically 在历史上;D. Consequently 因此。根据本句 “when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earths surface（当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。）”可知，
16、此句描述的是以前发生这种 情况时的处理方法，即历史上的处理方法。故选C项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过多年的干旱，这些储备仍然耗尽；琼斯说，在某些地方，修复它们可能需 要数年时间。A. levels 水平；B. fomiations 构成；C. struggles 挣扎；D. reserves 储备。根据上文 “Historically, when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earths surface.（
17、历史上，当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。）”可知，以前发生干 早时，都会借助储存在地表深层的地下水，这是水储备的一种方式。故选D项。【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水的快速涌入也为水资源管理者创造了一种易被破坏的平衡行为。A. random 随机的;B. delicate易被破坏的；C. mechanical机械的;D. insensible无知觉的。根据下文“Keeping surface reservoirs（水库）filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry s
18、pell, but it also heightens the risk of flooding if and when future storms hit.（保持地表水库填充至lj边缘可以防止突然干早的可能性，但如果未来 风暴来袭，也会增加洪水的风险。）”可知，水的快速涌入很容易破坏平衡，同时可能造成干旱和洪水，即 这种平衡很容易被破坏。故选B项。【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：保持地表水库填充到边缘可以防止突然干旱的可能性，但如果未来风暴来袭，也 会增加洪水的风险。A. heightens使变高，使加强；B. assumes认为；C. minimizes最小化；D. identif
19、ies认出。 根据本句前半句Keeping surface reservoirs （zK） filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry spell （保持地表水库填充到边缘可以防止突然干旱的可能性）”可知，这能防止干旱的可能性，但转折连 词bul说明下半句并列句与上文转折，即在提高防止干旱的可能性的同时也增加了洪水的可能性。故选A 项。【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为此，在预测显示当地水位可能会继续上升后，水务管理人员于本月早些时候打 开了萨克拉门托堰的闸门，将水库水倒入附近的田地。A. re
20、storations恢复；B.calculations计算；C.conditions 状况；D. projections 预测。根据下文 “Thats a calculation that will be made across the state in the coming months. （这是未来几个月将在全州范围内进行的计算。）”可知，此处提及的未来几个月将会进行计算就是一种预测。 故选D项。（35题详解】 考杳副词词义辨析。句意：“我想说，我们该慎乐观。 A. hopelessly无望地；B.extremely极其；C. guardedly 谨慎地；D. cheerfully 开心地
21、。根据上文For now, though, Jones is focused on planning and ensuring the states waler supply whatever may happen.(不过，目前，无论发生什么，琼斯专注于规划和确保该州的供水。)”可 知，虽然目前状况令人鼓舞，但是琼斯表示还需专注于供水，故可知情况乐观但也需谨慎对待。故选C项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfini
22、shed statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If you search the internet these days, youll likely run across some strange-looking. yet cheerful cartoon characters. T
23、hese computer-created people have small heads and overdone bodies. Theyre created in daring color with arms and legs that look like giant wet noodles. The happy figures are often moving or doing something creative.In 2017 Facebook paid a design team to develop a positive illustration system. One of
24、the designers took that message to heart. She worked to show human connection motion, energy and joy in her drawings. She “wanted topicture that sense of joy people feel when theyre sharing things together./, The name which was given to the new art form when it was completed was very appropriate. Th
25、ey named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish. Before long Alegria became the go-to style for many technology and media businesses. Corporations such as Google, Airbnb and YouTube began using Alegria or art with Alegria-type similarities. Today you can find Alegria art across (he internet, in prin
26、t, on magazine covers and more.Why did Alegria art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites depended on illustrations to fill space, Alcgria-typc art became increasingly useful. The style is flat, simple and easy to create. By comparison, more detailed art designs require extra
27、 time, skill and money to produce. Businesses also love the fact that Alegrias characters celebrate diversity by featuring international cultural events. The illustrations convey good feelings. Those feelings help people believe they can trust the companies (hat feature them on their pages.For some
28、consumers, though, thats a problem. These people think some companies have simply papered over their problems with positive images. Theyve failed to address their wrongdoings or make lasting changes. For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From children huggin
29、g to couples dancing, the images arc all about positive energy. All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name of this playful, fun art style. 36. Which of the following features makes Alegria art style so well received quickly?A. Its cheerful room-filling images.B. Its irustwonhy figures.C.
30、Its role as cultural representatives.D. Its eye-catching details.37. We can learn from the passage that.A. Alegria images may help hide faultsB. positive images convey funny messagesC. illustrations can be audio in some wayD. small-sized cartoon characters enjoy popularity38. Alegria is thought as t
31、he perfect name for the art style because of its.A. system and creativityB. technology and impactC. popularity and profitD. meaning and function【答案】36. A 37. A 38. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了 Alegria艺术风格作品。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句If you search the internet these days, youll likely run across some strangc- loo
32、king, yet cheerful cartoon characters.（如果你这些天在网上搜索，你很可能会遇到一些长相奇怪但又很快乐 的卡通人物）”可知，该艺术风格的作品拥有快乐的卡通人物形象；根据第三段前三句Why did Alegria ari become popular so quickly? There arc many reasons. As websites depended on illustrations to fill space, Alcgria- type art became increasingly useful.（为什么Alegria艺术如此迅速地流行起来？
33、原因有很多。随着网站依赖插 图来填补空间，阿莱格里亚类型的艺术变得越来越有用）”可知，该艺术风格的作品在填补空间方面很起作 用，这是它流行起来的原因。基于以上内容可推断出该艺术风格被迅速接受的原因是它的作品形象很快乐， 又能有效填补空间。故选A项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句These people （hink some companies have simply papered over their problems with positive images.（这些人认为一些公司只是用正面形象掩盖了他们的问题）”可知，该艺术风格的形象可 能能帮助掩盖问题，即掩盖错误。故选A项
34、。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第六句They named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish.（他们将它命名为Alegria, 在西班牙语中意思是开心）”和最后一段后三句For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive energy. All in all, it seems that
35、Alegria is the perfect name of this playful, fun art style.(然而,对许多人来说，阿莱格里亚语是一 种很好的视觉语言，代表着幸福。从孩子们拥抱到情侣们跳舞，这些画面都是关于正能量的。总而言之， Alegria似乎是这种有趣好玩的艺术风格的完美名字)”可知，这个名字所呈现的含义和这种艺术风格的形象 具有的功能是一致的。故选D项。(B)A STRAIGHTFORWARD INCOME?INVEST IN HIGHWAYS.Discover why now may be a good time for municipal bondsIn to
36、days particularly unstable economy, aiming fbr secure sources of income is more relevant than ever. Tax-free municipal bonds (市政债券)(often issued to fund major infrastructure projects for example highways) offer two significant benefits. They can provide historically low risk, and income from bonds i
37、s federally (联邦 地)tax free.With municipal bonds, investors are paid back the full-face value of their investinent al maturity (or earlier, if called) unless the bond defaults, or fails to pay. This historically low risk is essential for many investors, particularly those in, or close to, retirement.
38、 In August of 2019, Moodys Investors Service found that rated investment-grade municipal bonds had an average increasing 10-year default rate of just 0.10% between 1970 and 2018. Therefore, they can be an important part of your investment.Income from municipal bonds is not subject to federal income
39、tax and, depending on where you live, may also be free from state and local taxes. Tax-free income can be a big attraction for many investors.Since 1990, Hennion & Walsh has specialized in investment-grade, tax-free municipal bonds. The company supervises over $3 billion in assets (资产)in over 16,(X)
40、0 accounts, providing individual investors with discipline, personal service and integrity.In case you want to know more about the benefits of tax-free municipal bonds, we now have an offer for you. Our specialists have created a helpful Bond Guide fbr investors. Its free and comes with no obligatio
41、n (义 务)at all.FREE BOND GUIDEwithout cost or obligationCALL (800) 318-4850In the Bond Guide, youll learn:The benefits and risks of municipal bondsStrategies for smart bond investingMunicipal bond facts every investor should know 2021 Hennion & Walsh Inc. Securities offered through Hcnnion & Walsh In
42、c. Member of FINRA, SI PC. Investing in bonds involves risk including possible loss of principal, i.e. the original amount of money invested. Income may be subject to state, local or federal alternative minimum tax. When interest rates rise, bond prices fall, and when interest rates fall, bond price
43、s rise. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.39. It can be learnt from the leaflet that.A. no taxes of any kind arc put on municipal bondsB. Investment in municipal bonds is relatively safeC. Hennion & Walsh are billionaire investorsD. interest rates and bond defaults go hand in han
44、d40. Which of the following is true about Bond Guide?A. It shares risk-free bond investing skills.B. It recommends bond investing specialists.C. It offers a guaranteed investment return.D. It proposes investing plans for reference only.41. It can be inferred from (he leaflet that municipal bonds are
45、A. issued particularly in hard timesB. intended for Hennion & Walsh Inc.C. sheltered by the government in a wayD. subject to the major infrastructure projects42. Who would be the most likely target readers of this leaflet?A. Municipal bond administrators.B. Federal (ax calculators.C. The copyright o
46、wners of the Bond Guide.D. Senior-citizen investors.【答案】39. B 40. D 41. C 42. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文.向读者介绍了市政债券的相关信息。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二三句Tax-free municipal bonds （市政债券）（often issued to fund major infrastructure projects fbr example highways） offer two significant benefits. They can provide historically
47、low risk, and income from bonds is federally （联邦地）（ax free.（免税市政债券（通常用于资助大型基础设施项目，如高 速公路）提供了两大好处。它们可以提供历史上较低的风险，而且债券收入是联邦免税的）”可知，对市政 债券的投资风险较低，因此相对安全。故选B项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句Our specialists have created a helpful Bond Guide for investors. Its free and comes with no obligation （义务）at all.（我们的专家为投资
48、者创建了一份有用的债券指南。它是免费的，没有 任何义务）”可知，这一指南免费的同时不对投资者存在任何义务，即不能保证投资者一定能获利，只做参 考。故选D项。41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第三句 Income may be subject to state, local or federal alternative minimum tax. （收入可能需要缴纳州、地方或联邦替代最低税）”可知，市政债券需要缴纳州、地方或联邦替代最低税，而 完成交税也意味着受到州、地方或联邦一定的庇护。故选C项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一二句 In case you want to know more about the benefits of tax-free municipal bonds, we now have an offer for you. Our specialists have created a helpful Bond Guide for invesiors.（如果您想 了解更多 关于免税市政债券的好处，我们现在为您提供优惠。我们的专家为投资者创建了 份有用的债券指南）”可 知，本文的目标读者是对市