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1、语法讲解与练习Be 动词的用法l(1)Am-was Is-was Are-were 口诀：我用am,你用are,is 用在他她它，复数全用are。*be 除了原型外的7 种形式：am is are was were been beingl(2)肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.He is(not)a teacher.She is(not)in the dining room.My hair is(not)long.Her eyes are(not)small.l(3)一般疑问句 l(4)be+现在分词 表示进行时态；be+过去分词 表示被动语态练习：用恰当的be 动词填空
2、 l 1.I _a boy._you a boy?No,I _ not.l 2.The girl_ Jacks sister.l 3.The dog _ tall and fat.l 4.The man _ a teacher.l Tom with his parents()go to the zool 5._ your brother in the classroom?l 6.Where _ your mother?She _at home.l 7.How _ your father?l 8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.l 9.Whose dress _ thi
3、s?l 10.Whose socks _ they?l 11.That _ my red skirt.l 12.Who _ I?l 13.The jeans _ on the desk.l The pair of jeans on the desk.l 14.Here _ a scarf for you.l 15.Here _ some sweaters for you.l 16.The black gloves _ for Su Yang.l 17.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.l 18.The two cups of milk _ for me.l
4、 20.Gao shans shirt _ over there.l 21.My sisters name _Nancy.l 22.This _ not Wang Fangs pencil.l 23._ David and Helen from England?l 24.There _ a girl in the room.l 25.There _ some apples on the tree.l 26._ there any kites in the classroom?l 27._ there any apple juice in the bottle?l 28.There _ some
5、 bread on the plate.l 29.There _ a boy,two girls,three men and ten women in the park.l 30.You,he and I _ from China.人称代词和物主代词 l 1 人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。l 2 物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。代词表 I you he she it we you theyme you him her it us you themm
6、y yourhis her its our yourtheirmineyourshis hersits oursyourstheirs练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。l 1.That is not _ kite.That kite is very small,but _ is very big.(I)l 2.The dress is _.Give it to _.(she)l 3.Is this _ watch?(you)No,its not _.(I)l 4._ is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are _.(he)l 5._ dre
7、sses are red.(we)What colour are _?(you)l 6.Here are many dolls,which one is _?(she)l 7.I can find my toy,but wheres _?(you)l 8.Show _ your kite,OK?(they)l 9.I have a beautiful cat._name is Mimi.These cakes are _.(it)l 10.Are these _ tickets?No,_ are not _._ arent here.(they)l 11.Shall _ have a look
8、 at that classroom?That is _ classroom.(we)l 12._ is my aunt.Do you know _ job?_ is a nurse.(she)l 13.That is not _ camera._is at home.(he)l 14.Where are _?I cant find _.Lets call _ parents.(they)l 15.Dont touch _._ not a cat,_ a tiger!(it)l 16._ sister is ill.Please go and get _.(she)l 17._ dont kn
9、ow her name.Would you please tell _.(we)l 18.So many dogs.Lets count _.(they)l 19.I have a lovely brother._ is only 3.I like _ very much.(he)l 20.May I sit beside _?(you)l 21.Look at that desk.Those book are on _.(it）l 22.The girl behind _ is our friend.(she)介词l 表示地点位置的介词：1.at 一般用在小地方;表示“在附近，旁边”2.in
10、 一般用在大地方;表示“在范围之内”3.on 表示毗邻或者接壤，在上面4.to 表示“在范围之外”，不强调是否接壤；或者表示“到”l 5.above 在某物上方，不强调是否垂直，与below 相对 6.over 指在某物的垂直上方，与under 相对 7.on 表示在某物上面并与之接触l 表示时间的介词：1.in 表示较长的时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月以及一般的（非特指）早中晚 on 表示具体某一天以及早中晚 at 表示某一时刻或较短的时间，比如圣诞节、万圣节*last next this that some every 等词语之前不用介词l 2.in+一段时间 表示将来的一段时间以
11、后，是将来时 Dad will come back in three days.after+一段时间 表示过去的一段时间以后，是过去式Dad came back after three days.after+将来一段时间 表示将来的某一个时刻以后Dad will come back after three oclock.名词复数l 1 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds l 2 以s.x.sh.ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches l 3 以“
12、辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries l 4 以“f 或fe”结尾，变f 或fe 为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives（特例：roof（s）不规则名词复数1.child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women2.单复数同行：deer sheep fish Chinese3.集体名词（以单数形式出现，但实为复数）：people police cattle 4.以s结尾仍然为单数：maths politics phys
13、ics news5.表示由两部分构成的东西：trousers glasses clothes6.单词复数表示其他意思：goods（货物）waters（水域）fishes（各种鱼）练习：写出下列各词的复数 l I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ book_ child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ people_动词三单的变化规则 l 1 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook
14、-cooks,milk-milks l 2 以s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes l 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies 练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数 l drink _ go _ stay_ make _ look _l have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_l plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ teach_一般现在时一般现在时的功能 l 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is
15、 blue.天空是蓝色的。l 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。l 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成 l 1.be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：You are a boy.你是一个男孩。l 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。l 3.当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s 或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在
16、时的变化l 1.be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。l 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.l 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?l 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：I like bread.I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt 构成否定句。如：He often plays.He doesnt often play.l 一
17、般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：You often play football.-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.l 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如：she goes to work by bike.-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.l 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?练习：l 1.He often _(have)dinner at h
18、ome.l 2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.l 3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.l 4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.l 5._ they _(like)the World Cup?l 6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays?l 7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?l 8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.l 9.She and I _(take)a wa
19、lk together every evening.l 10.There _(be)some water in the bottle.l 11.Mike _(like)cooking.l 12.They _(have)the same hobby.l 13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.l 14.You always _(do)your homework well.l 15.I _(be)ill.Im staying in bed.l 16.She _(go)to school from Monday to Friday.l 17.Liu Ta
20、o _(do)not like PE.l 18.The child often _(watch)TV in the evening.l 19.Su Hai and Su Yang _(have)eight lessons this term.l 20.What day _(be)it today?Its Saturday.按照要求改写句子 l 1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_ l 2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_l 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ l
21、 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_l 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_l 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_l 9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_l 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_改错 l 1.Does your brother speak English?l 2.Does he like going fishin
22、g?l 3.He likes playing games after class.l 4.Mr.Wu teaches us English.l 5.She doesnt do her homework on Sundays.一般过去时 l 1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。l 2 Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is 在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are 在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was 或were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和
23、is,am,are 一样，即否定句在was 或were 后加not，一般疑问句把was 或were 调到句首。l 3 句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt+动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式.如：Who went to home yesterday?句型转换 l 1.There was a car
24、 in front of the house just now.l 否定句：_ l 一般疑问句：_ l 肯、否定回答：_ l 2.They played football in the playground.l 否定句_ l 一般疑问句_ l 肯、否定回答：_ 动词过去式变化规则：l 1 一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked l 2 结尾是e 加d，如：taste-tasted l 3 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped l 4 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：
25、study-studied l 5 不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat Be 动词的过去时练习l 1.I _ an Engl
26、ish teacher now.l 2.She _ happy yesterday.l 3.They _ glad to see each other last month.l 4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.l 5.The little dog _ two years old this year.l 6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.l 7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.l 8.Today _ the second of June.Yesterday _ the first o
27、f June.It _ Childrens Day.All the students _ very excited.行为动词的过去时练习 l 1.I _(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.l 2.Her father _(read)a newspaper last night.l 3.We _ to zoo yesterday,we _ to the park.(go)l 4._ you _(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival?l 5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he _.l 6.Gao
28、Shan _(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.l 7.I _(sweep)the floor yesterday,but my mother _.l 8.What _ she _(find)in the garden last morning?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.用动词的适当形式填空 l 1.It _(be)the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White _(go)to his office by car.l 2.Gao Shan _(put)the book on
29、his head a moment ago.l 3.Dont _ the house.Mum _ it yesterday.(clean)l 4.What _ you _ just now?I _ some housework.(do)l 5.They _(make)a kite a week ago.l 6.I want to _ apples.But my dad _ all of them last month.(pick)l 7._ he _ the flowers this morning?Yes,he _.(water)l 8.She _(be)a pretty girl.Look
30、,she _(do)Chinese dances.l 9.The students often _(draw)some pictures in the art room.l 10.What _ Mike do on the farm?He _ cows.(milk)陈述句改为一般疑问句1.将含有be 动词或情态动词的陈述句变为一般疑问句的口诀：一提二改三问号 一提指把be 动词和情态动词提前 二改指改字母 三问号指末尾用问号2.如果谓语动词是实义动词的口诀：一加二改三问号 一加指在主语前增加一个助动词dodoesdid特殊疑问句 l When 什么时间 问时间 What time 什么时间 问
31、具体时间，如几点钟 Who 谁 问人 Whose 谁的 问主人 Where 在哪里 问地点 Which 哪一个 问选择 Why 为什么 问原因 What 什么 问东西、事物 What colour 什么颜色 问颜色 What about 怎么样 问意见 What day 星期几 问星期几 What date 什么日期 问日期 What for 为何目的 问目的 How 怎样 问情况 How old 多大年纪 问年纪 How many 多少数量（可数名词）How much 多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）How about 怎么样 问意见 How often 多久 问频率
32、How long 多长时间 问时间长度 How far 多远 问多远；多长距离 现在进行时l 1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2 现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3 现在进行时的否定句在be 后加not。4 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。5 现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?l 动词加ing 的变化规则1 一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2 以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加ing，如：make-maki
33、ng,taste-tasting3 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：l 一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_l 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Liste
34、n.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.6.They _(not,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.l 三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ 2 The students are cleaning the classroom.(一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ 3 Im playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_4 Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_