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1、英语（二）全国高等教育自学考试考前点题卷二问答题1.Directions: Write a short essay wi（江南博哥）th a clear cendival idea and effective development.You should base your writing on the following situation.Most citizens in Beijing are pleased with the free bus divavel provided to seniors over 65 years old.However, a heated discussi
2、on has been diviggered when seniors take the bus at rush hour with the young workers, because it intensifies divaffic jams.Some suggest canceling the free ride for seniors at rush hour while others state that due respect should be given to seniors.Which side would you take and what reasons can you o
3、ffer? 参考答案：（略）共享题干题下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断，如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? His
4、tory is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequ
5、ate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which
6、in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, Pr
7、esident Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the
8、IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadv
9、antages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civil societies, liberalizing divade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题1.South and East Asia are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization.()A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given 参考答案：A参考解析：这里
10、的关键词是South and East Asia，定位到文章的第一句话“Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia.”，意思是说过去十几年贸易全球化中东亚和南亚是最大的赢家，与题干的意思是吻合的，因此题干是正确的。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the b
11、iggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for m
12、ore than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often un
13、der pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes
14、.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at hom
15、e.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they coll
16、ected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civil societies, liberalizing divade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题2.Japan has a long divading divadition.()A.TrueB
17、.FalseC.Not Given 参考答案：A参考解析：这里的关键词是trading tradition，在原文中找到相关描述“East Asia has a long trading tradition.”虽然这里没有直接提到日本，但是东亚就包括了日本，所以题干说法是正确的。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet
18、 bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies
19、are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund
20、.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and th
21、e U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner fro
22、m globalization, did not follow the IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also s
23、uccess stories: despite their disadvantages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civil societies, liberalizing divade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题3.Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF.()A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given 参考答案：A参考解析：这里的关键词是Russia，第二
24、段第二句话First among these is Russia，which.这里的these指的是前面一句话In some regions，certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies，often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.因此说法正确。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whe
25、reas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market fo
26、rces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies
27、, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collec
28、ting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing
29、 it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than
30、 they collected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civil societies, liberalizing divade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题4.All African coundivies followed the
31、IMF formula.()A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given 参考答案：B参考解析：关键词是African countries和IMF formula，相关句子在最后一段话：Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages.that ran counter to IMF prescriptions。博茨瓦纳和乌干达都是非洲国家，可见并非所有非洲国家都遵守了国际货币基金组织的准则。因此所有非洲国家都遵守了国际货币基金组织准则的说法是错误的。Why are the biggest wi
32、nners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of mark
33、et economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent yea
34、rs.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an i
35、ndependent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowi
36、ng how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did b
37、y ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civil societies, liberalizing divade and implementing refo
38、rms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题5.The Soviet Union was a capitalist coundivy.()A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Gwen 参考答案：B参考解析：关键词Soviet Union，在原文的第一段话中说The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.这里的sheltered from是“避开、回避”的意思，free-market是“自由市场”，我
39、们知道资本主义国家的市场体系是自由市场，所以苏联不是资本主义国家。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, late
40、ly reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but com
41、modities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building t
42、he institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial se
43、ctor, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula.Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notabl
44、y Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes.Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their coundivies achieved vigorous growth by creating sdiv civ
45、il societies, liberalizing divade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.单选题6.Ausdivalia is one of the biggest winners from globalization.()A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given 参考答案：C参考解析：Australia原文中没有提到，所以说法缺乏依据。Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of divade globalization mos
46、tly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc（集团）and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long divading divadition, lately reinvigorated（给以新的活力）by the Chinese adoption of market economics.The Soviet Union, on the other hand, wa
47、s sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years.In Africa, some coundivies are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrasdivucture（基础结构）；many coundivies have little to divade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain coundivies have suffered
48、 by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund.First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s divied to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, an
49、d an adequate method for collecting taxes.Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the U.S.Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned indusdivial sector, creating a class of oligarchs（寡头政治执政者），who, knowing how unsdiv conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In condivast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formu