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1、非谓语动词 语法讲解非谓语动词doingdonetodo1.谓语动词与非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词；在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动词，叫做非谓语动词。Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Iamreadinganovel.Seeingisbelieving.Theresultsobtainedarequitesatisfactory.Pleasestopspeaking.（谓语）（谓语）（主语和表语）（定语）（宾语）非谓语动词使用条件一个句子一个句子当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有又
2、没有连词连词的情况下的情况下,还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,but leftherhandbagonherseat.主语表语宾语定语补语状语todo-ingformdone非谓语动词功能比较一、现在分词的结构 主动形式 被动形式一般式doing being done完成式having donehaving been done否定式：在现在分词的前面直接加not不定式Todotobedone非谓语动词作状语1.Todo2.Doing3.DoneI came here to
3、 see you.He got up early to catch the train.不定式作状语in order to,so as to,1.表目的2.表原因We were very excited to hear the news.3.表结果This room is big enough to hold us.enoughto,tooto,only to,etc.He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.-ing与done 作状语现 在 分 词(短 语)与 过 去 分 词(短 语)作 状 语,表 示时 间、原 因、结 果、条 件、让
4、 步、方 式 或 伴 随 情 况等。Whenleavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.United,westand;divided,wefall.(=When/Ifweareunited)Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.(1)表示时间(2)表示原因Beingsick,Istayedathome.Shecaughtcoldsittingonthegrass.(3)表示条件Adoptingthismet
5、hod,wewillraisetheaverageyield（产量）by40percent.Evenifinvited,Iwontgo.(4)表示让步Admittingwhatshehassaid,Istillthinkthatshehasnttriedherbest.(5)表示结果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthatcountry.Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruiningourholiday.(6)表示方式或伴随情况Heranuptoherbreathingheavily.Pleasefillint
6、heform,givingyourname,addressSurroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldteacherwalkedintotheroom.不定式作 定语He is looking for_.（一间可以住的房子）There is nothing_.to worry aboutThe topics to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is concerned about the Olympics 2008.（没有什么可担心的）a room to live in 作定语 分词短语作定语时，分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词
7、作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。相当于定语从句。如：Themanstandingbythewindowsisourteacher.（standing 和所修饰的man 形成主谓关系）现在分词和过去分词whoisstandingbythewindowsTheconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.（被动关系）他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。Ifoundhim_themoney.(steal)Ifoundthemoney_.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimself_byanoldlady.(lookafter)IoftenhearMar
8、y_thisEnglishsong.-ingform 与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；pp 与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；(to)do 只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。补足语stealing stolen being looked aftersing不定式作补足语Advise,allow,ask,Beg,cause,expect,Encourage,force,get,hate,invite,Order,wish,oblige,Want,warn,remind,Promise,permit,Persuade,request Iallowyoutogoout.Mymotherad
9、visemetobuyacar.Ipromiseyoutostudyhard.分词ing,done 作宾语补足语(4).宾补 Complement五看 watch see look at observe notice三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear一感觉:feel当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略to:+sbIsawthegirlgettingonthebus.Isawthegirlgetintothecaranddriveoff.Isawhimhitbyhisfatheryesterday.MRWanghasmetypealetterforhim.注意2：在fe
10、el，hear，listen to，look at，notice，observe，see，watch，have，1et，make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Ioftenhearhimsingthesong Heisoftenheardtosingthesong+第四步：分析时态第一步：辨别“谓与非谓”第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语第三步：判断语态非谓语的“有法可依”Task1 Task2 Task3考点击破一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandol
11、d.(全国)2.Eugenesneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.Itsnouse_(argue)withhim.(上海)3.Pleaseremain_(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.(辽宁)4.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_(smoke)here.(江苏)Walkingarguingseatedsmoking5.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis_(accept)thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.(陕西)6.Ic
12、antstand_(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.(北京)7.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed_(repair).(陕西)8.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_(live)alone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.(湖南)acceptingtostopworkingtoberepairedl
13、iving9.Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_(nottake)hisadvice!(安徽)10.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.(湖南)11.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(全国)12.Theyarequiet,arentthey?Yes.Theyar
14、eaccustomedto_(nottalk)atmeals.(江苏)nottakinggettingbeingopenedandclosednottalking13.Isntittimeyougotdownto_(mark)thepapers?(重庆)14.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.(上海)15.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_(walk)intheflower-linedgarden.(上海)16.Havingbeenillinbedfornea
15、rlyamonth,hehadahardtime_(pass)theexam.(福建)markingsettingwalkingpassing17.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_(watch)TV.(上海)18.Ibelievethatsthebestwaytopreventsuchathingfrom_(happen)again.(全国)19.Didyouhavetroublein_(find)thepostoffice?(全国)20.Sandycoulddonothingbut_(admit)tohis
16、teacherthathewaswrong.(上海)watchinghappeningfindingadmit21.Ismellsomething_(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?(全国)22.Dontleavethewater_(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津)23.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire_(burn)allnight.(全国)24.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_(carry)outthenextye
17、ar.(全国)burningrunningburningcarried25.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_(speak)asmuchaswecan.(江苏)26.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_(interest)inhislectures.(江苏)27.Energydrinksarenotallowed_(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.(上海)28.Myadviso
18、rencouragedme_(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(北京)spokeninterestedtobemadetotake29.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_(feel)goodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.(江苏)30.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_(grow)upfromchildhood.(全国)31.Themotherfeltherself_(grow)coldandherhandstrembledasshereadthelette
19、rfromthebattlefield.(上海)32.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_(learn).Healwaysworkshard.(全国)feelgrowgrowtolearn33.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_(fill)mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(福建)34.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.(安徽)35.Withalotofdifficultproblems_(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(上海)36.Thedirectorhadherassistant_(pick)upsomehotdogsforthemeeting.(全国)fillingfinishedtosettlepick