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1、初中英语动词时态语态知识点详解与模拟题英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好高中英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。例句：He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The
2、 earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primaryschool.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;条件：if, unles
3、s, provided.If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。So long as he works hard, I dont mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。考点四：在the more the more (越越) 的句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。The harder
4、you study, the better results you will get.现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。例句：We are having English class.The house is being built these days.The little boy is always making trouble.考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when yo
5、u are crossing the street.Dont wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in
6、Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet,up to now; till now; so far, these days,Has it stopped raining yet ?考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last thr
7、ee months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词+that” 后面跟现在完成时。This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.一
8、般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war;before; a few days ago; when考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于。He used to smoke a lot.He has got used to getting up earl
9、y.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise.过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。例句：The boy was doing his homework when his father came back fromwork.He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someoneshouted for help.What were you doing at nine last night?The ra
10、dio was being repaired when you called me.过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till )例句：There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.考点一：用于hardly/s
11、carcely.when; no sooner .than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。That was the second time that she had seen her
12、 grandfather.It was three years since we had parted.考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。I had hoped that I could do the job.I had intended to see you but I was too busy.一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。例句：Beijin
13、g will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时
14、。Use your head and you will find a way.考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。“am (is, are) about to +动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are to be married in this May.将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。例句：Ill be doing my homework this time tomorrow.The P
15、resident will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.名校模拟题及其答案1. The silence of the library _ only by the sound of pages being turned over. A. has been broken B. breaks C. broke D. was broken 2. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _. A. has gro
16、wn B. is growing C. grew D. had grown 3. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge ? It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed 4. Sorry, Joe, I didnt mean to Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr Parker to you, and _ you forget it !A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont 5. At this
17、 time tomorrow _ over the Atlantic. A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly 6. The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know 7. I thought Jim would say something about his school rep
18、ort, but he _ it. A. doesnt mention B. hadnt mentioned C. didnt mention D. hasnt mentioned 8. No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign. A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know 9. Although he has lived with us for years, he _ us much impression. A. hadnt left
19、 B. didnt leave C. doesnt leave D. hasnt left 10. how can you possibly miss the news ? It _ on TV all day long. A. has been B. bad been C. was D. will be 11. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. Where was I ? You _ you didnt like your fathers job. A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had be
20、en saying 12. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so iey. A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting 13. I _ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time !A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep 14. Lets ke
21、ep to the point or we _ any decisions. A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached15. My mind wasnt on what he was saying, so Im afraid I _ half of it. A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed 答案解析1、D图书馆的安静被打破，故须用被动语态；情景中找不出与现在有关的时间信息，故A是错误的。2、C grow与as从句里的wa
22、it发生。 题干前半句为时间状语，提供了极为重要的时间线索：All morning as she waited，表示了过去的一段延续时间，本空之中动词所表示的行为（her nervousness “grow”）与此同时进行。此处仍应使用一般过去时。本题中与现在时间相关的两个选项(A. has grown B is growing)很容易排除；D项（had grown）过去完成时态，应用于表示过去特定时间之前的行为，与语境不符，也可排除。3、B stay这晨是系动词的用法，不用被动形式。根据本题设空之后所执着续的形容词fresh判断，选项所给动词stay为系动词（=to continue or
23、remain in a place ,position or conditionCOLLINS NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY）, 因此，很容易排除A项（系动词不可能使用权用被动语态）；从句意看，说话人向对方提出建议（Why dont you？），然后阐明依据（the meat will），应该是stay 的一般形式，而不会是进行式（C 项be staying）或完成式（D项have stayed）。4、D注意Mr Parker这里针对的是“Sorry , joe”这件事，而不是“ I didnt mean to”那件事。而前者正是“此时此刻”发生的，故应用一般现在时。句意：你应
24、称呼我帕克先生，你不是忘了吧！题干选材为大小对话形式，语境完整，前者向Joe道歉，后者（joe本人）拒不接受道歉，认为称呼自己为Joe是：“套近乎”。提醒并警千对方，语气非常严厉。5、B at this time tomorrow 指明的是将来的某一具体时间，故用来将进行时。6、A 在he news came 之前我就已经知道，故用将来进行时。7、C but连接的并列句，时态与thought一致。8、A句子的主语是no one,谓语动词应当用单数。9、D although从句中的has lived是非常重要的时间住处说话的人的意思是：虽然他与我们一起生活多年（从过去到现在），但他没有给我们留下
25、多少印象。所以，这里使用C项是不恰当的。10、A根据can的形式（而不是could）可以判断，这里并不是谈论纯粹的过去或过去的过去，但显然也不是将来时间。11、C 语境中暗含着一个时间信息：当我打断你说话的时候。12、C arrive是关键信息：（我在出发之前）没有预料到路会这么滑。这里谈论的显然是过去（started）的过去（had expected）.13、C根据woke(wake 的过去式)可以判断，这里谈论的与“现在”无关，因此可以排除B和D两项。I是在读书期间睡着的（while reading）,而不是在之前睡着的，所以A项也是不恰当的。14、A 句意：请不要偏离话题，不然的话，我们
26、就不会取胜得决定。祈使句与and 或or 连用是常见的说法，又如：Turn left and you will find the bookstore.向左转，你就会找到那个书店里。Listen to me or you will never succeed.听我的话，否则，你不会成功的。同时在谈到will do和be going to do 表示将来的区别时，will表意愿和既时的将来，而后者表示计划的或有迹象的将来。例如：Give him the big apple or he oil not allow us to go with him.Why didnt you come to my birthday party?I was going to ,but my wife returned.15、D 句意：（当时）我并没有注意他说的话，所以（现在）我觉得他讲的话一半我没有听到。题干句中透圳出时间信息的三个地方：wasnt ,was saying和Im afraid是做出选择的重要依据。学科网（北京）股份有限公司