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1、Unit One Time-Conscious AmericansU nderstanding WordsL is te n in g Task 11.She is so lazy that it is quite difficult to assess her ability.2.W e spent a restless night in a roadsi de hotel.3.John always budgets his time very carefully.4.After supper,they often take a leisurely walk round the ground
2、s.5.The significance of this project remains mostly unknown to us.6.It is a convention to use the right hand to shake hands.7.The airline decides to replace its small planes with Boeing 747s.8.Dogs are known to have all acute sense of smell.9.Tom has never had cheerful surroundings since his early y
3、ears.10.Copper conducts electricity.Key:1.(B)2.(A)3.(A)4.(B)5.(A)6.(B)7.(B)8.(A)9.(A)10.(B)L iste n in g Task 21.I regret we*ve run out of money.2.The government is firmly committed to helping low-income and unemployed citizens.3.His carelessness resulted in the forest fire.4.Everyone in Shanghai se
4、ems to be in a rush.5.You are supposed to sign this agreement in person.6.M y success i s entirely due to hard work.7.How can you account for your frequent lateness for class?8.W e s ti11 fa l1 behind our competitors in using new technology.9.Hes nothing but a cheat.10.They communicate with each oth
5、er through personal contacts rather than through phone calls.Key:1.(B)2.(A)3.(C)4.(A)5.(A)6.(C)7.(C)8.(B)9.(D)10.(D)UNDERSTANDING SHORT CONVERSATIONSListening Task 1I.W:What do you do in your leisure time?M:1 spend m y leisure time at the golf course.Question:What does the man do in his Ieisure time
6、?2.M:If 1 lose this dictionary,how should 1 replace it?W:Go to a bookstore and obtain another copy.Question:What should the man do if he loses this dictionary?3.W:I*m thinking of using some labor-saving devices.What do you suggest?M:If I were you,I would prefer emai1 to the telephone.Question:What l
7、abor-saving device does the man suggest?4.M:Do you know another word for brief”?W:Yes,“short”.For instance,when I come for a brief meeting,it*s short.Question:Which word does the woman use in place of brief?5.W:What do you think about the telephone service in your area?M:I think it*s superb here.How
8、ever,the postal service is less efficient.Question:What does the man say about the telephone service in his area?6.M:How do you know if a doctor is competent?W:If he solves your problem,hes competent.Question:What does the woman say about a doctor who can solve problems?7.W:Stop for a minute.Id like
9、 to look at this exhibition in the window.M:W hy not go inside and see if we can get something on literature and sports?Question:Where are they standing?8.M:How about going to a fashionable party with me tonight,Jane?W:Id real ly love to,but my parents expect me at home before 9:00 and w e*11 1 eave
10、 to visitmy aunt early tomorrow.Question:W hy dicin t Jane accept the invitation?9.W:George says h ell return the book he borrowed as soon as he finishes reading it.M:Well,if George is reading it,I won t hold my breath.Question:What does the man imply about George?10.W:I surely enjoyed meeting your
11、parents.I hope they liked me.M:Take it easy.M y parents would 1 ike any girl I liked.Question:Whats the likely relationship between the man and the woman?11.M:Hurry,another train for Shanghai is coming now.W:W hy run?There will be another one in five or six minutes.Question:What does the woman mean?
12、12.W:Prof.Wangs lecture yesterday evening was so dull!M:r 11 say.I had one eye on the clock the whole time.Question:What can we infer from the man,s reply?13.M:Do you think you can finish your assignment tomorrow morning?W:Will Thursday do?Question:What does the woman imply about her assignment?14.W
13、:Are you looking fonvard to your move in September?M:You bet I am.The rooms here are too small,and theret s no space to store things.Question:What will the man do?15.M:Tom is taking a language course this year.W:Should he be taking that course this year?Question:What does the woman imply that Tom sh
14、ould be doing?16.W:Did you and Jane really meet at exactly 6:30 p.m.in front of Shanghai Grand Theater?M:Yes,both of us were there on time.Question:What happened to the man and Jane?17.W:Dr.Xiao,when can we meet to discuss my research tomorrow morning?M:Will ten o*clock be all fight?Question:What do
15、es the man suggest?18.M:These figures have been all mixed up.Let*s figure them out again.W:Yes,but why not do them tomorrow?Its very late now.Question:What does the woman suggest to the man?19.W:What time should I arrive at the celebration this evening?M:Oh,so you can come.What about 6:00 p.m.?Quest
16、ion:What did the man assume?20.W:John is going to play football this afternoon,M:Should he be doing that today,so soon after his injury?Question:What does the man imply?Key:1.(C)2.(B)3.(B)4.(A)5.(B)6.(D)7.(A)8.(C)10.(B)11.(B)12.(C)13.(B)14.(D)15.(D)16.(C)17.(C)18.(C)20.(B)9.(019.(B)UNDERSTANDING L G
17、 CONVERSATIONSConversation 1W:How does time affect you?M:1 actually spend time deciding how I will conduct my day.W:That sounds like a good way to budget some leisure time for you.M:Yes,1 like the relaxed feeling of the surroundings at the golf course.W:Do you take your cell phone with you?M:No,I li
18、ke to avoid such devices when I am at the golf course because if the phone tings,I will want to answer it.W:1 spend my leisure time playing tennis.M:That*s a superb way to stay in shape and al so have a good time.W:I*m not a very good player;I just want to play for a brief time and make friends by p
19、layingtennis.M:I have met some interesting people at the golf course,too.And I can contact them by emai 1when t dont have leisure time.W:I always like to meet people face-to-face because I am able to explore my questions morethoroughly than I can by email or electronic communication.M:Yes,I think fa
20、ce-to-face interaction is very important and should be used when possible.W:Well,I couldn1 t agree with you more.Also,playing tennis also al lows me to get away frommy work environment.M:Yes,I al so enjoy getti ng away.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.I.What does th
21、e man think about the surroundings at the golf course?2.Does the man take his cell phone with him to the golf course?3.What does the woman do in her leisure time?4.How does the man contact his golf friends when he has no leisure time?5.What does the woman think about face to-face communication?Key:1
22、.(C)2.(A)3.(A)4.(A)5.(D)Conversation 2M:Today time has gone by so quickly!Do you estimate how long a job will take?W:Well,sometimes its not productive for me to estimate how much time I will spend completinga job.M:That*s true,but in order not to waste time,I always want to set a preci se time to me
23、etsomeone.W:111 have an appointment,I try to figure i t out how much travel time is involved.M:I find it really difficult to stay on a time plan when I go to a convention.W:W hy is that?M:Because 1 meet so many new people,and I want to interact with them.W:A convention is a good place to enquire wit
24、h them professionally.M:Yes,although 1 can communicate with many of my colleagues through email,I would preferto chat with them face-to-face.W:That would fu lfill my needs better because I wouldn,t have to write out my questions orcomments.M:W ei 1,by the way I have noticed that many people in China
25、 travel to work by bicycle.W:Yes,its convenient most of the time because the traffic is often very had.M:But it would net be possible for me to ride to work in the United States by bicycle becauseI 1ive a long way from work.W:Of course not!Also,parking a car in Shanghai is a problem,so when I really
26、 need to getsomewhere quickly,1 sometimes take a taxi.M:In m y city in file United States,you have to telephone a taxi if you need one.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the conversation you have just heard.6.What will the woman try to do when she has an appointment?7.W hy does the man find it difficult
27、 to stick to a time plan when he goes to a convention?8.How does the man prefer to communi cate with his col leagues?9.What has the man noticed about many people in China?10.What will the woman do when she really wants to get somewhere quickly?Key:6.(C)7.(A)8.(C)9.(B)10.(D)UNDERSTANDING PASSAGESPass
28、age 1According to a recent survey,employees in many companies today work longer hours and takeshorter vacations than employees did in 1979.It seems that Americans are working harder todaythan ever before.A management adviser,Bill Meyer,decided to find out the answer to the question.For three days,he
29、 observed an investment banker hard at work.Meyer wrote down everything thebanker did during his long workday;the banker worked 80 hours a week.At the end of the three-dayperiod,Meyer reviewed the banker*s activities wi th him,and discovered that the man spent 80percent of his time doing busy work.A
30、pparently,many people believe that the more time a person spends at work,the more he orshe accomplishes.However,the connection be tween time and productivity is not always positive.In fact,many studies show that after a certain point,anyone*s productivity and creativity beginto decrease.Furthermore,
31、its not always easy for individuals to realize that their performanceis decreasing.Part of the problem is understandable.When employers evaluate employees,they often considerthe amount of time on the job in addi tion to job performance.Employees know this.Consequent Iy,they work longer hours and tak
32、e 1 ess vacation time than they did nine yearsago.Although many working people can do their job effectively during a regular 40-hour work week.They feel they have to spend more time on the job after normal working hours so that the peoplewho can promote them see them.Questions 1 to 5 are based on th
33、e passage you have just heard.1.What happens to employees in many U.S.companies today?2.What did Bill Meyer do with an investment banker?3.What is the relationship between time and productivity?4.How much time did the banker spend doing busy work?5.How do employers evaluate employees?Key:1.(C)2.(A)3
34、.(B)4.(D)5.(C)Passage 2One observation made by many visitors to the United States is that Americans frequently preferto answer with a brief”Yes，No,Sure,or the very popular Yeah rather than wi th a longerreply.But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite or offensive.Very often,Americansare r
35、ushed and may greet you with a hurried“Hi”.Indeed,this is a greeting you will hear againand again during your stay in the United States.It is used by everyone,regardless of status,age or employment.However,those used to longer,beautifully formed statements may require a1ittle more time before they f
36、eel comfortable with American plain talk”.Americans sometimes use plain talk when they are embarrassed.If people praise them or thankthem in an especial 1 y pol ite way,they may become embarrassed and not know what to say in reply.They do not intend to be impolite or offensive;you can be sure that t
37、hey 1 iked what was saidabout them.Except for certain holidays,such as Christmas,Americans do not usually give gifts.Thus,you will find Americans embarrassed as they accept gifts,especially if they have nothingto give in return.They are generally a warm but easy-going or relaxed people.Questions 6 t
38、o 10 are based on the passage you have just heard.6.What does the fact that Americans do not waste words tell us?7.Which of the following is true of those who like using beautiful or quality language?8.Winch of the following is N O T true?9.How wi11 the Americans feel if they are praised in a polite
39、 way?10.What did you learn about the American custom of giving gifts?Key:6.(D)7.(A)8.(C)9.(D)10.(B)Passage 3Those long lines at United States airports are not just on the runways.As the number ofairline passengers increases to 614 million last year,up from 488 million in 1993-and airportsremain the
40、same size,waiting in line has become a frustrating experience.The airlines,heating“owing complaints and eager to cut costs,have begun adopting new techniques to speed people ontheir way.Continental Airlines and Alaska Airlines use a program with computer screens wherepassengers,using credit cards fo
41、r identification,can check themselves in,answer securityquestions about who packed their bags and whether it has been under their control at al 1 times,and obtain boarding passes.Alaska also has ticketing officers who walk about in airports carrying computers that canprint out boarding passes.Airlin
42、es are also improving their computer networks,which will reduce the time it takesto issue tickets and boarding passes.T W A recently installed touch-screen computers,1 ike thoseat A T M machines,that allow officers to issue boarding passes faster.Penny Thomas,United Airline，s manager of in-airport s
43、ervice planning,said:The mostbasic rule to reduce time in line is to arrive at the airport in travel-ready condition.Thatmeans you do not need to see anyone,to buy a ticket or to change a seat assignment.It meansyour only requirement is to get a boarding pass.”Questions 11 to 15 are based on the pas
44、sage you have just heard.11.What causes the long 1ines at U.S.airports?12.What was the number of U.S.airline passengers in 1993713.Which new technique have Continental Airlines and Alaska Airlines adopted?14.Whats the purpose of improving the(J.S.airlines*computer networks?15.According to Penny Thom
45、as,what is the most basic rule to reduce time in line?Key:.(A)12.(0 13.(A)14.(A)15.(A)Passage 4Although the relaxed American style is wel 1 known,many new visitors think that it shows alack of respect,.This is especial 1 y true in the business world.Americans often use first namesupon meeting a stra
46、nger and do not always shake hands.They often just smile and say Hi or Hello”,rather than using a more formal handshake.It is good to remember that to an American such a relaxedgreeting really means the same thing as a more official handshake somewhere else.In a similar way,Americans do not usually
47、give a special good-bye or shake hands to eachperson when they leave a party or business meeting.They will often just wave good-bye to thewhole group and perhaps say,“Well,so long everybody,f 11 see you tomorrow.They then willleave.N o handshakes.Americans seem either totally hurried and hard-workin
48、g or totally relaxed and at ease.Oftenyou will see men working at office desks without their chairs and even putting their feet up onthe desk while they talk on the telephone.This is not meant to be offensive.Once Americans leavethe busy streets,they are easy and relaxed.A visitor to the United Stat
49、es should,therefore,understand that being in a great hurry doesnot show unfriend!iness,and being relaxed and being at ease does not show a lack of respect.Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at lust may seem strange to a visitor.In time you will learn these new ways.Questions 16
50、to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.What do many visitors think about the relaxed American style?17.W hy do Americans often use first-names upon meeting a stranger?18.To whom do Americans use Hi and“Hello in greeting?19.Which of the following statements is N O T true?20.What is the