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1、专题08-2022年全国甲卷ABCD篇七选五-词汇精讲+长难句分析+全篇译文第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共 15小题：每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheatres and EntertainmentSt Davids HallSt Davids Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiffsentertainment centre.With an impressi
2、ve 2,000-seat concert hall,St Davids Hall is home to the annual WelshProms Cardiff.It presents live entertainment,including pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,filmsand classical music.The Hayes,Cardiff CF10 1AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukThe Glee ClubEvery weekend this is“Wales”premier c
3、omedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiencesand comedy stars alike.It is hard to name a comedy star who hasnt been on the stage here.If you are looking for thebest comedies on tour and brilliant live music,you should start here.Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF 10 5BZwww.gl
4、ee.co.uk/cardiffSherman CymruSherman Cymrus theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012.This special building is aplace in which theatre is made and where children,artists,writers and anyone else have the opportunity（机会）to docreative things.Sherman Cymru is excited to present a
5、packed programme of the very best theatre,dance,familyshows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.Senghennydd Road,Cardiff CF24 4YEwww.shermancymru.co.ukNew TheatreThe New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,musicals,dance and childrens shows for more than 100years.Presenting the bes
6、t of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows,the New Theatre isCardiffs oldest surviving traditional theatre.Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.Park Place,Cardiff CF10 3LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk21.Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?A.At the New Theatre
7、.C.At Sherman Cymru.22.What can people do at the Glee Club?B.At the Glee Club.D.At St Davids Hall.A.Watch musicals.B.Enjoy comedies.C.See family shows.D.Do creative things.23.Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiffs oldest surviving theatre?A.www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B.www.shermancymru
8、.co.ukC.www.glee.co.uk/cardiff D.w ww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk体裁：应用文 主题：人与社会艺术评析剧院特色【字数】275+56【语篇导读】文章介绍了英国威尔士的首府加的夫市的四家剧院及其特色。21.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“St Davids Hall”部分中的“St Davids Hall is home to the annual WelshProms Cardiff（St Davids Hall 是 Cardiff一年一度的 Welsh Proms 的举办地）”可知，Cardiff 的 Welsh Proms活
9、动在St Davids Hall举办。故选D。22.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章 u The Glee Club 部分中的 wIf you are looking for the best comedies on tourand brilliant live music,you should start here（如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始）”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选B。23.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“NewTheatre”部分中的The New Theatre has been the home o
10、f qualitydrama,musicians,dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years（100 多年来，New Theatre 一直是优质戏剧、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地）”以及其下面的网站uwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk可知,可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A（.【词汇精讲】1.熟词生义1.present熟义：.礼物V.把交给；颁发；授予生义：上演：公演；推出原文：It presents live entertainment,incl
11、uding pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,films and classical music.译文：它上演现场演出娱乐，包括流行、摇滚、民谣、爵士、音乐剧、舞蹈、世界音乐、电影和古典音乐。分析：在本句中意为to produce a show,play,broadcast,etc.for the public（上演；公演；推出）译文：。2.packed熟义：adj.异常拥挤的；挤满人的生义：adj.有大量的；极多的原文：Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of
12、the very best theatre,【长难句分析】1.原文：Every weekend this is“Wales“premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for bothaudiences and comedy stars alike(para.2)dance,family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.译文：。分析:在本句中意为“containing a lot of a particular thing（有大量的；.极多的）3.
13、Pick熟义：u选择；挑选生义：儿精品；精华；最好的东西原文：Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows,the NewTheatre is Cardiffs oldest surviving traditional theatre.译文：新剧院是卡迪夫现存的最古老的传统剧院，展示了西区最好的节目和英国的巡回演出分析：在本句中意为the pick of sth:the best thing or things in a group（精品；精华;最好的东西）pick n 熟词生义
14、精品，精华；2.高频核心词汇annual adj.一年一度的alike 小.同样地premier a d j.最好的,最佳的;name v.叫出.的名字；quality ah.高质量的p rese n ts上演，呈现musical n.音乐剧;best n.最好的事物（或人）;stay.停留，逗留entertainment n.娱乐brilliant 力.巧妙的;使人印象深的3.课标派生词impressive adj.了不起的,令人赞叹的；reopen v.派生词重新开业，重新开放（商店、剧场等）；4.课标外词汇opportunity n.机会5.核心词块is home to.的所在地the
15、very heart o f.在.的中心along with.连同.the very best最好的stand at the very heart of 位于.的中心;be home to.的所在地/举办地;on tour巡演分析：本句包含一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词comedy club.从句中的主语为having a great time译文：句意为:每个周末，这里成了威尔上最重要的喜剧俱乐部。在这里，观众和喜剧明星都可以尽享美好时光。3.原文：This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where
16、 children,artists,writers and anyoneelse have the opportunity(机会)to do creative things,(para.3)分析：本句为主从复合句。本句的主干为This special building is a place,其后包含两个并列的定语从句。第一个是由“介词in+which”引导的定语从句，第二个是由where引导的定语从句。译文：这座特殊的建筑是一个造就戏剧的地方，也是给孩子、艺术家、作家和其他任何人提供机会创造东西的地方。【全篇译文】剧院和娱乐圣大卫音乐厅圣大卫音乐厅是获奖的威尔士国家音乐厅，位于卡迪夫娱乐中心的
17、中心位置。圣大卫音乐厅拥有壮观的2000个座位的音乐厅，是一年一度的威尔士加的夫音乐会的所在地。它上演现场演出娱乐，包括流行、摇滚、民谣、爵士、音乐剧、舞蹈、世界音乐、电影和古典音乐。The Hayes,Cardiff CF 10 1 AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk欢乐俱乐部每个周末，这里成了威尔士最重要的喜剧俱乐部。在这里，观众和喜剧明星都可以尽享美好时光。很难说有哪个喜剧明星没有在这里登台表演过。如果你在寻找巡演中的最佳喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始。Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF 10 5 BZwww.gle
18、e.co.uk/cardiff谢尔曼舞蹈团Sherman Cymru位于卡迪夫Cathays区的剧院于2012年 2 月重新开放。这座特殊的建筑是一个造就戏剧的地方，也是给孩子、艺术家、作家和其他任何人提供机会创造东西的地方。Sherman Cymru很高兴能推出一个密集的节目，包括来自威尔士和世界其他地方的最好的戏剧、舞蹈、家庭表演和音乐。Senghennydd Road,Cardiff CF 24 4 YEwww.shermancymru.co.uk新剧院100多年来，新剧院一直是优质戏剧、音乐剧、舞蹈和儿童节目的所在地。新剧院是卡迪夫现存的最古老的传统剧院，展示了西区最好的节目和英国的巡
19、回演出。作为你在这个城市逗留的一部分，一定要去参观一下。公园广场，卡 迪 夫 CF10 3LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk21.加的夫的威尔士音乐会在哪里举办？A.在新剧院。B.在欢乐俱乐部。C.在谢尔曼舞蹈团。D.在圣大卫音乐厅。22.人们在吉利俱乐部可以做什么？A.观看音乐剧。B.欣赏喜剧。C.看家庭演出。D.做有创意的事情。23.你可以访问哪个网站来了解卡迪夫现存最古老的剧院？A.www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B.www.shermancymru.co.ukC.www.glee.co.uk/cardiff D.www.stdavidsh
20、alleardiff.co.ukBGoffins cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,have been shown to have similarshape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds haveproved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment,cockatoo
21、s were presented with a box with anut inside it.The clear front of the box had a“keyhole“in a geometric shape,and the birds were given fivedifferently shaped keys to choose from.Inserting the correct key would let out the nut.In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one yea
22、r of age,but it will be another yearbefore they are able to do the same with less symmetrical（对称的）shapes.This ability to recognize that a shape willneed to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference,In theexperiment,Goffins cockatoos were able to
23、 select the right tool for the job,in most cases,by visual recognitionalone.Where trial-and-error was used,the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.This indicates thatGoffins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space,similar totwo-year-o
24、ld babies.The next step according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visualclues（线索）,or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.24.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?25.Which task can human one-year-olds m
25、ost likely complete according to the text?A.By following instructions.C.By turning the box around.B.By using a tool.D.By removing the lid.A.Using a key to unlock a door.C.Putting a ball into a round hole.B.Telling parrots from other birds.D.Grouping toys of different shapes.26.What does the follow-u
26、p test aim to find out about the cockatoos?A.How far they are able to see.C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.27.Which can be a suitable title for the text?B.How they track moving objects.D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.A.Cockatoos:Quick Error CheckersC.Cockatoos:Clever Signal-Re
27、adersB.Cockatoos:Independent LearnersD.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然自然生态生物与人的智力对比【字数】237+130【语篇导读】通过实验发现，澳大拉西亚地区戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉的形状识别能力相当于两岁的人类幼儿。24.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilfulat tool use while kept in the cage.（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会
28、使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具）以 及 the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choose from.Inserting,the correct“keys”would let out the nut.（研究人员给了这些鸟5 把形状各异的 钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来）”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。25.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段In humans,babies can put a round shape in a roun
29、d hole from around oneyear of age（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里）”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。26.【答案】D 解析推理判断题。通过文章最后段“The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work outwhether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues,or also use a sense of touch in making their sha
30、pe selections.（根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。27.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段Coffirfs cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native toAustralasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human Iwo-year-old.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形
31、状识别能力与两岁的人类相似）”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的风头鹦鹉。D 项“Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Soilers（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。【词汇精讲】1.高频核心词汇keep正.供养，饲养；insert v 插入，嵌入；retire v.退职；（使）退休board v.上 船（或火车、飞机、公共汽车等）recognize/recognisev.认出，辨认出；specific ad j.特有的,特定的（近 particular）;alone s.仅仅，只;indicate v.表明，显示;possess v.具有（特质）
32、;clue n.线索shape形状frame n.（图画、门、玻璃等的）框架reference n.提到；谈及；涉及Track v.跟踪，追踪；3.课标派生词geometric a d j.几何(学)的;differently adv.不同地skilful a d j.娴熟的shape-recognition n.形状识另U;keyhole n.锁眼，钥匙孔(kev+hole);shaped a d j.具有(或呈).形状的；trial-and-error n.反复试验的，不断摸索的；entirely adv 全部地，完全地(近 completely);unlock v.(用钥匙)开.的锁(u
33、n-+lock);g ro u p s名词动化把.分类/分组；follow-up a d j.进一步的shape-sorter n.形状归类员sunrise n.日 出entirely。小.完全地，完整地prehistoric 史前的，有文字记载以前的operatic a d j.歌剧的；歌剧风格的realization ,认识,领悟visual 的.视觉的recognition.识别,承认，接受4.课标外词汇Penguins n.企鹅Career n.职业Symmetrical ad j.对称的clues n.线索allocentric ad j.非自我中心的，异中心型的；5.核心词块a k
34、ind of 一种were presented with 赠送 lei out 放出work o u t把.弄清楚long to do s th 渴望做某事rely on依靠，依赖a sense of touch 触觉make a selection 做出选择；following instructions 按照指示turn sth around 翻转某物tell sth from sth 区分.和.;find out about s th 查明,弄清（情况）shape-recognition abilities 形状识别能力differently shaped keys形状各异的钥匙let o
35、 u t放掉leave an impression on 给.留下印象choose from 从中选择similar to 与.相似rely o n 完全依赖in most cases大部分情况下work o u t找.的答案（be）native to源于.的,原产于;present sb with s th 向某人提供某物；geometric shape几何形状;let o u t放出,放走frame of reference（影响人理解和判断事物的）参照系in most cases在大多数情况下;【长难句分析】1.原文：Though not kouwn to use tools in th
36、e wild,the birds have proved skilful atthough让步状语从句的省略。tool use while kept in the cage.（第一段第二句）while引导时间状语从句though引导省略的让步状语从句 省略了 the birds arewhile引导省略的时间状语从句 省略了 the birds are句子主干：the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.（主系表结构）译文：虽然不知道在野外会不会使用工具，但事实证明，在笼子里饲养时，这些鸟儿能熟练地使用工具。
37、2.原文：In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age,but it will beanother year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.（para.2）分析：本句为并列复合句。b u t前的分句是简单句，b u t后的分句是主从复合句，其 中 before引导时间状语从句。译文：在人类中，婴儿在一岁左右就能将圆形放入圆孔中，但要再过一年之后才能对不太对称的形状做同样的事情。
38、3.原文：This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit iscalled an uallocentric frame of referenceXparaZ）分析：本句为主从复合句。句子的主干结构是:This ability is called an4tallocentric frame of referenceo torecognize that a shape.before it will fit 作后置定语修饰 ability.
39、其中 a shape.before it will fit 是由 that 引导的宾语从句。译文：这种能够认识到需要将某个形状朝特定方向转动才能装进的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。4.原文：长难句分析This indicates thatG offins cockatoos do.indeed possess an aUoccntMcframe of 一that引导宾语从句reference when moving objects in space.similar to two-year-old babies.（第二段最后一句）when引导省略的时间状语从句 省略了 Goffins cockat
40、oos aresimilar to two-year-old babies 作状语，相当于非限制性定语从句：which is similar to two-year-oldbabies.对戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实拥有一个多中心的参考框架，进行补充说明。句子主干：This indicates that”主谓宾结构）译文：这表明戈芬凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实拥有一个多中心的参考框架，与两岁的婴儿类似。5.The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whgtherjjhewhether引导宾语从句co
41、ckatoos rely entirely on visual ckics also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.（第段）句子主干：The next step is to try and work out.（主系表结构）译文：据研究人员称，下一步是尝试找出凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来进行形状选择。【全篇译文】戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉，一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明具有与人类两岁儿童相似的形状识别能力。虽然不知道在野外会不会使用工具，但事实证明，在笼子里饲养时，这些鸟儿能熟练地使用工具。在最近的一个实
42、验中，给风头鹦鹉一个里面有坚果的盒子。盒子的正面有一个几何形状的”钥匙孔“，有五把不同形状的“钥 匙“供鸟儿们选择。插入正确的“钥 匙”就能放出坚果。在人类中，婴儿在一岁左右就能将圆形放入圆孔中，但要再过一年之后才能对不太对称的形状做同样的事情。这种认识到一个形状需要转到一个特定的方向才能放进去的能力被称为 多种心型的参考框架”。在实验中，戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在大多数情况下，仅凭视觉识别就能为此项工作选择正确的工具。在使用试错法的情况下，凤头鹦鹉在类似的测试中比猴子做得更好。这表明戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间移动物体时确实拥有一个多中心型的参考框架，与两岁的婴儿类似。据研究人员称，下一步是尝试找出凤头鹦鹉是
43、完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来进行形状选择。24.实验中，凤头鹦鹉是如何从盒子里拿到坚果的？A.通过遵循指示。B.通过使用一个工具。C.通过把盒子转过来。D.通过取下盒盖。25.根据文章内容，人类一岁的孩子最有可能完成哪项任务？A.用钥匙来开锁。B.将鹦鹉与其他鸟类区分开来。C.把球放进一个圆洞里。D.将不同形状的玩具分组。26.后续测试的目的是为了 了解凤头鹦鹉的什么情况?A.它们能看多远。B.它们如何追踪移动的物体。C.它们是否比猴子更聪明。D.它们在测试中是否使用触觉。27.哪个可以作为该文的合适标题？A.凤头鹦鹉。快速查错的人B.凤头鹦鹉。独立的学习者C.凤头鹦鹉。聪明的信号阅读者
44、D.凤头鹦鹉：熟练的形状分类者。熟练的形状分类者CAs Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins（企鹅）longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginniwould never forget.Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has
45、had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career（职业）as aprofessional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.When she retired from dancing andher sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Relate
46、d Arts,Ginni began to travel the world,eventuallygetting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minutecheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego,the southernmost tip of the SouthAmerican mainland.just decided
47、 I wanted to go,“she says.I had no idea about what Id find there and I wasntnervous,I just wanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008,Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed never met before,to begin the journey towardsAntarctica.From seeing the wi
48、ldlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.Antarctica left animpression on me that no other place has,Ginni says.I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale;it justrose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear th
49、eoperatic sounds it was making underwater.”The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggest things that hithome to Ginni.28.Which of the following best explains“take the plunge“underlined in paragraph 2?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring bac
50、k lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.29.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A.Lovely penguins.B.Beautiful scenery.C.A discount fare.D.A friend invitation.30.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A.It could be a home for her.B.It should be easily accessible.C.It should