中考复习专项训练定语从句.ppt

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1、XiamenisacitythatIlikebest.定语从句大探秘定语从句大探秘 直击中考直击中考 It was really terrible for_who had always dreamed of becoming a doctor.(江西,中考2011完形填空B篇)Gina,who is thirteen years old,got first prize in the Young Cook of the Year competition and now is writing her own recipe book for kids.(江西,中考20112011阅读理解B篇)A y

2、oung girl called Ida in sweeden decided to travel to a place she hadnt seen for 22 years.(江西,中考20112011阅读理解C篇)从谚语中想到的从谚语中想到的Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 关系词一关系词一“表表”打尽打尽各个关系代词各个关系代词的的具体用法具体用法:1.who指人,在定指人,在定语语从句中作主从句中作主语语。Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.2.whom指人,在定指人,

3、在定语语从句中作从句中作宾语宾语。Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?3.whose指人,在定指人,在定语语从句中作定从句中作定语语。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.4.which指物,在定指物,在定语语从句中作主从句中作主语语或或宾宾语语。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Theletter(which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.5.that既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物,在定,在定语语从句从句中作主中作主语

4、语或或宾语宾语。Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Imlookingforthebook(that)youlentmeyesterday.关系副词的具体用法关系副词的具体用法1.when指指时间时间,在定,在定语语从句中作状从句中作状语语。Illneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.2.where指地点,在定指地点,在定语语从句中作状从句中作状语语。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.3.why 指原因,在定语从句中作状语。指原因,在定语从句中作状语。No

5、bodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.Illneverforgettheday_Ifirstmether.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whenThecity_youvisitedlastweekendwasnottheone_Ionceworked.A.which,whichB.where,whichC.which,whereD.where,where牛刀小试牛刀小试(D)(C)制胜法宝制胜法宝-还原法还原法关系副词相当于介词关系副词相当于介词+which+which,当把先行词,当把先行词放回从句中,要加上一个介词时,就用关系放回

6、从句中,要加上一个介词时,就用关系副词副词,不需要加时就用不需要加时就用whichwhich。Icantforgetthetime_theearthquakehappenedinWenchuan.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.whyA火眼金睛误误IcanrememberthepersonsandsomepictureswhichIsawintheroom.正正IcanrememberthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.析析 这里的关系代词不要用这里的关系代词不要用 who who,因为其先因为其先行词有两个一个是行词有两个一个是

7、personspersons(人人),而另一个是,而另一个是picturespictures(物物),这时既不可用,这时既不可用 who who,又不可用又不可用 whichwhich,只能用,只能用 that that,因为它的先行词既可以因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。是人又可以是物。误误Icandoeverythingwhichisgoodforyou.正正Icandoeverythingthatisgoodforyou.析析在先行词是在先行词是 all,much,little,something,everything,anything,none,nothing,the one等等指

8、物指物的不定代词时,虽然它们指的是物体,但不的不定代词时,虽然它们指的是物体,但不要用要用 which which而用而用thatthat作定语从句的引导词。作定语从句的引导词。误误ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmwhichIveeverseen.正正ThisisthefirstAmericanfilmthatIveeverseen.析析 在先行词是序数词,或由序数词修饰时,其关在先行词是序数词,或由序数词修饰时,其关系代词不可用系代词不可用 which which,这样的用法还有在形容词最高级这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后,如:修饰的先行词之后,如:This

9、isthebestbookthatIhaveeverseen.误误WhichisthebookwhichyouborrowedfromMike?正正WhichisthebookthatyouborrowedfromMike?析析当主句的主语是疑问词当主句的主语是疑问词who/whichwho/which时,为了避免时,为了避免重复要用重复要用thatthat。误误IwenttovisitthehouseinthatLuXunwasborn.正正IwenttovisitthehouseinwhichLuXunwasborn.析析当关系当关系词词前面有介前面有介词时词时,只能用,只能用which不

10、能用不能用that.误误Football,thatisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.正正Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.析析在引在引导导非限制性定非限制性定语语从句从句时时,只用,只用which不用不用that。1.-Doyouknowtheman_istalkingwithyourfather?-Yes,hesourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom2.Isthistheriver_Icanswim?A.whic

11、hB.inwhichC.thatD.theone3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it4.Whoistheman_isreadingabookoverthere?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who5.Anyone_withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree巩固提升巩固提升BBCAC6.Isthereanything_youwanttobuy?A.thatB.whenC.whoD.what7

12、.Theman_coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.whosB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich.8.Thegirl_isreadingunderthetree_mysister.A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was9.Iloveplaces_thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who10.Theworld_ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveD.welive巩固提升巩固提升ABC

13、CC定语从句解题三部曲一看一看 看先行词是指人还是指物,是否出现特殊情况。二分二分 分析关系词在从句中作什么成分。三还原三还原 把先行词还原到从句中看是否要加介词。复习要点复习要点1.关系代词和关系代词和关系副词关系副词的区别的区别2.2.that和which的区别Conclusion:(提升小结提升小结)关系代词在从句中用作主语,宾语,定关系代词在从句中用作主语,宾语,定语等,作宾语时常可省略。语等,作宾语时常可省略。关系副词在从句中用作状语,由关系副词在从句中用作状语,由where引导的定语从句表示地点,引导的定语从句表示地点,when引导引导定语从句表示时间,定语从句表示时间,why引导

14、定语从句引导定语从句表示原因。表示原因。关系副词相当于介词关系副词相当于介词+which,当把先,当把先行词放回从句中,要加上一个介词时,行词放回从句中,要加上一个介词时,就用关系副词就用关系副词,不需要加时就用不需要加时就用which。Conclusion:(提升小结提升小结)只能用只能用that的情况:的情况:1.当先行词同时指人和物人和物时,关系代词只能用that.2.当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等不定代词时,关系代词只能用that.3.当先行词被序数词,序数词,形容词形容词最高级最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.4.当主句是who或或which引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.只能用只能用which的情况:的情况:1.关系代关系代词词前有前有介介词词时时只能用只能用which.2.在引在引导导非限制性定非限制性定语语从句从句时时只能用只能用which.3.先行先行词词本身是本身是that时时只能用只能用which

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