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1、第二部分 语法专项复习动词的语态1语法精讲精练2核心素养提升 1 知识知识点点 1 语态语态的种类的种类 动词动词的语态可分为主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语的语态可分为主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态；当主语是动作的承受者时，动词用被动语态。态；当主语是动作的承受者时，动词用被动语态。语法精讲精练 2 知识知识点点 2 常用常用的被动语态的结构的被动语态的结构 1.一般一般现在时的被动语态：主语现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词动词过去分词。2.一般一般过去时的被动语态：主语过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+动词
2、过去分词动词过去分词。3.一般一般将来时的被动语态：将来时的被动语态：shall/will+be+动词过去分词动词过去分词。4.含有含有情态动词的被动语态：主语情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词情态动词+be+动词过去分词动词过去分词。3 注意：注意：（1）当带双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，如果直接宾语作主语，则间接宾语前必）当带双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，如果直接宾语作主语，则间接宾语前必须加须加介词介词 to 或或 for。（2）感官动词和使役动词在主动句中作谓语时，其宾语补足语不）感官动词和使役动词在主动句中作谓语时，其宾语补足语不能带能带 to，但当变，但当变为被动句时，必须为被动句时，
3、必须加上加上 to。此类动词有。此类动词有have，make，hear，see，watch，feel，notice，let等等。（3）当动词短语变成被动语态时，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。）当动词短语变成被动语态时，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。4 小试牛刀小试牛刀例题例题常见错误分析常见错误分析 1.有些有些动词构成的句子不能改为被动句，动词构成的句子不能改为被动句，如如 become，die，cost 等等；有些动词短语；有些动词短语也不能改成被动句，也不能改成被动句，如如 take place，look like，agree with 等等。2.动词动词短语改为被动语态后，漏掉了介词或副词，或
4、动词与介词和副词拆开。短语改为被动语态后，漏掉了介词或副词，或动词与介词和副词拆开。5 一、单项选择一、单项选择1.Have you heard the news about the 2020 Olympic Games?Yes.Maybe it _ next year if everything goes well.A.be held B.was held C.is held D.will be held2.In 1958,pinyin _ by Chinese linguist(语言学家语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team.A.designs B.designed
5、 C.is designed D.was designed3.Whats wrong with Dale?He _ with the others in his class just now.Hes not happy about that.A.is compared B.was compared C.compares D.compared核心素养提升 6 DDB4.The theatre _ to celebrate the art festival last month.A.decorated B.is decorated C.was decorated D.has decorated5.
6、As soon as books _,the volunteers will post them to the students in Hope Primary School.A.are raised B.were raised C.raised D.have raised6.The bush fires in Australia _ after a few months,leaving millions of animals dead.A.were run out B.run out C.were put out D.put out7.Basketball _ in 1891.Then in
7、 1936 in Berlin，it became an event at the Olympics.A.plays B.is played C.was played D.played 7 CACC8.You _ lunch at school.So you dont have to bring your own food.A.give B.will give C.are given D.have given9.It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway _ in December,2020.A.complete B.is compl
8、eted C.was completed D.will be completed10.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games _ in Beijing.What good news!I cant wait to watch it.A.hold B.will hold C.were held D.will be held11.A new airport will be built in Tantou,Longhui.Good news!But a lot of good farmland _.A.will waste B.may be wasted C.has wasted
9、D.is wasted 8 CDDB12.With the development of China,Chinese _ by more and more people in the world.A.speaks B.is spoken C.speak D.is speaking13.Train tickets _ online.It is convenient.A.sold B.were sold C.are sold D.have sold14.The kite _ in China more than 2000 years ago.A.invents B.invented C.is in
10、vented D.was invented15.Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone?Because it _ by HW last week.A.was produced B.would produce C.have produced D.was producing 9 BCDA16.Oh,your room is too dirty,Mike!Sorry,Mum.It _ yesterday.I forgot to do it.A.didnt clean B.isnt cleaned C.was cleaned D.wasnt
11、 cleaned17.Lucy,what have you learnt from this history class?Paper _ first _ about 2000 years ago in China.A.is;invented B.was;invented C.is;inventing D.was;inventing18.Dr Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s.He is a great international soldier.I know,so he _ still _ in both China and Canada
12、 now.A.has;remembered B.is;remembered C.will;remember D.is;remembering 10 DBB19.Your homework must be _ this morning,or you cant hand it in on time.A.finish B.finished C.finishes D.finishing20.I think e-books will _ more than paper books in the future.A.use B.be used C.used D.uses 11 BB二、词形变换二、词形变换根
13、据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Another bridge over the Jialing River was _(build)last year.2.As the most exciting and traditional way to shop,street markets are _(find)here and there in China these days.3.She was _(serve)in the kitchen when the light went out.4.Make sure the door is _(lo
14、ck)when you leave the room.5.All the members are _(require)to attend the meeting.12 builtfoundservedlockedrequired例题例题 1In Chinese culture，children born in the year of the Monkey _ tobe smart.A.say B.said C.will be said D.are saidD分析分析与与解答解答 此此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为题考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“在中国文化中，在中国文化中，人们认为猴年出
15、生的孩子很聪明人们认为猴年出生的孩子很聪明”。分析句子结构，主语。分析句子结构，主语children与与say是是被动关系，根据上下文可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为被动关系，根据上下文可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be+动动词过去分词词过去分词”。例题例题 2His car _ five years ago,but it looks quite new.A.buys B.bought C.is bought D.was boughtD分析与分析与解答解答 此此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为题考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“他的车是五年前他的车是五年前买的，但它看起来还很新买
16、的，但它看起来还很新”。his car和和buy是被动关系，且由是被动关系，且由five years ago可知句子应用过去时态。可知句子应用过去时态。例题例题 3Its reported that the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo _from 100%recycled material.A.are making B.have made C.is made D.will be madeD分析与分析与解答解答 此此题考查动词的语态。句意为题考查动词的语态。句意为“据报道，据报道，2020年东京奥运会年东京奥运会的奖牌将以的奖牌将以100
17、%的再生材料制成的再生材料制成”。medals和和make是被动关系，且由句是被动关系，且由句意可知，时态用一般将来时，故意可知，时态用一般将来时，故will be made符合句意。符合句意。知识点知识点 2 常用的被动语态的结构常用的被动语态的结构小试牛刀小试牛刀1.The environment in my home town is improving because many trees _ every year.A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.plants2.These cakes _ with chocolate.Have one,please.
18、A.fill B.filled C.are filled D.were filledCC小试牛刀小试牛刀1.Gina went to the doctors yesterday and she _ about the importance of good living habits once more.A.told B.is told C.was told D.has told2.These machines _ in their factory by themselves last year.A.make B.made C.are made D.were madeCD小试牛刀小试牛刀1.The villagers expect that the building of the bridge _ before the rainy season comes.A.is completed B.was completed C.will be completed D.has been completed2.The 2021 International Horticultural Expo(世界世界园艺园艺博览会博览会)_ in Yangzhou.A.holds B.will hold C.is held D.will be heldCD