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1、动词的语态：英语中只有主动语态与被动语态之分。1，主动语态与被动语态的区别：主动语态，句子中的主语是动作的执行者，如：I broke the window.He wrote the letter.People in America speak English.而被动语态句子中的主语是主动语态句子中的宾语，主语是动作的承受者。如：The window was broken by me.English is spoken in America.被动语态的用法1),不知道动作的执行者，只知道承受者的情况 e.g.Silk is produced in Suzhou.2),不必说出动作的执行者的情况
2、e.g.Such books are written for children.3),需要突出和强调动作的承受者的情况 e.g.She is liked by everyone.3，被动语态的基本构成形式 主语+助动词be+过去分词初中阶段重点掌握一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时及含有情态动词的被动语态。被动语态的时态通过助动词be 的变化来体现。这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。各种时态的被动语态1），一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are+过去分词 e.g.The lights are usually turned on at 6:30.2），一般过去时的被动语态:was/were
3、+过去分词 e.g.Our house was built in 1979.3），一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+过去分词 e.g.This question will be answered by our headmaster.4），含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词e.g.This job must be done as soon as possible.主动语态和被动语态之间的转换在主动句变为被动句时，要注意主动句和被动句中时态应该一致，同时还应该注意被动句中主语的人称和数要与谓语动词保持一致。主动语态和被动语态的转换形式主要方法：第一步：把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态
4、的主语。第二步：把主动语态的谓语变为be+过去分词。第三步：把主动语态的主语放在介词by 之后用来说明动作的执行者，有时可以省略。【注】如主动句中宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变成被动语态后要加to.常见的结构有：make/let/hear/see/-sb do sth-sb be made/let/heard/seen/-to do sth e.g.I saw him go to the church.He was seen to go to the church.1.More than two schools _ in the city next year A.are built B.we
5、re built C.have built D.will be built2.Look at the sign on the right.Oh,parking _ here.A.doesnt allow B.isnt allowed C.didnt allow D.wasnt allowed巩固练习【解析】选D。根据时间状语可知时态为一般将来时，再根据主语和谓语之间存在被动关系可知该题应该用一般将来时的被动语态。【解析】选B。动名词作主语时谓语动词应该用单数形式，再根据主语和谓语之间存在被动关系可以确定答案为B 项。3.Have all the students known that our
6、class will visit the factory this afternoon?Yes.Every student _ about it.A.have told B.have been told C.has told D.has been told【解析】选D。根据问句时态为现在完成时可知答语的时态也为现在完成时，再根据主语Every student 和谓语之间存在被动关系可知该题应该用现在完成时的被动语态，因主语是第三人称单数，可以确定答案为D 项。4.More and more people have realized we wont have cleaner water to d
7、rink unless something _ soon.A.was done B.will be done C.to be done D.is done【解析】选D。根据主句的时态为一般将来时，可知unless引导的让步状语从句应该用一般现在时，再根据主语和谓语之间存在被动关系，可知该题应该用一般现在时的被动语态。5.The grand buildings _ in two years.A.were built B.are built C.will be built D.have been built【解析】选C。根据时间状语in two years 可知时态为一般将来时，再根据主语和谓语之
8、间存在被动关系可知该题应该用一般将来时的被动语态。1 Hi,Jack.Did you go to Jims birthday party?No,I felt so sad.I.A.didnt invite B.wasnt invited C.am not invited D.hadnt invited 2-Do you have any problems if you _ this job?-Well,Im thinking about the working day.A.offer B.will offer C.are offered D.will be offered 3-Can you tell me where the students of Class2 are?-They _reading the book on Scientific Outlook on Development just now.A.will find B.have found C.were found D.found BDC巩固练习