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1、Unit 1 book 31. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.解析：主语beadj.to do句式。2. Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.解析：either.or.意为“或者或者”E.g.: People can eit
2、her give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses.人们可以把它们当作礼物送给朋友或者挂在自己家里。3. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leavehe wiped the tables，then sat down and turned on the TVjust what Li Fang needed!解析：It is obvious that.“很明显”，it为形式主语。E.g.: It is
3、obvious that smart phones play an important role in our daily life.显而易见，手机在日常生活中起着重要的作用。4. While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.解析：while意为“当的时候”，在句中引导时间状语从句。此外，while可译为“只要”，表示条件，引导条件状语从句；可译为“但是；可是”，表示对比；可译为“虽然；尽管”，表示转折，引导让步状语从句。e.g.: While travel can broaden your
4、 mind，I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. （尽管）It is said that Chinese people are living for others, while the Americans are for themselves.（然而）As is known to us, while there is life，there is hope.（只要）Unit 2 book 31“Nothing could be better，”he thought.解析：“否定词比较级”结构是否定
5、形式与比较级连用，表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比更，没有像一样”。常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。can/could never/notenough/too.“再也不过分”e.g.: As far as Im concerned, nothing is more important than health.就我个人而言，身体健康最重要。2He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!解析：cant have sb.doing sth.不允许某人做某事。e.
6、g.: I wont have you making the same mistake again and again. .我不允许你反复犯同样的错误。3. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.解析：must have done表推测e.g.: It must have rained last night, for the ground is very wet.昨天晚上一定下过雨，因为地上很湿。4Wang Peng s
7、at in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.解析：feeling very frustrated为现在分词作伴随状语。e.g.: The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for bargains.那位女士逛商店，留意着廉价商品。 Unit 3 book 31Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.解析：found myself carried out为“find宾语
8、宾补”结构。find宾语done过去分词(表示被动、完成); find宾语doing现在分词(表示主动、进行)e.g.: When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves lost.当我们想穿过树林时，我们发现迷路了。When he came to himself, he found himself lying in hospital.2The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.解析：had jus
9、t done.when.刚做完，这时。be doing.when.正在做这时/突然be about to do.when.正要做这时be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时e.g.:I had just finished writing the novel when the electricity was cut off.我刚刚写完小说这时停电了。3.Well，it is wellknown that Americans like to eat a lot.解析：it is wellknown that.众所周知，在该句中it作形式主语，后面的that从句作真正的
10、主语。4. (The) chances arethat./There is a chance that. 有可能.E.g.: The player is under good treatment and chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game.5. There is no denying that.不可否认的是.E.g.:There is no denying that different people have different opinions on money.不可否认不同的人
11、对金钱有不同的看法。Unit 4 book 31What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.解析：what引导主语从句。2The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.解析：so . that. 如此.以至于.; whether.or not是否。3. But when I tried to step forward，I
12、 found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.解析：“twice as形容词原级as”是倍数表达法之一。Abe倍数asadj./adv.原级as BAbe倍数adj./adv.比较级than BAbe倍数the名词(size/weight/length.)of BE.g.: The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one.The red ruler is three times longer than the yellow one.The red ru
13、ler is three times the length of the yellow one.这个红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。4This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.解析：句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to develop。这是“make it形容词/名词 to do sth.”句型。该句型中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构，形容词或名词为宾语补足语。e.g.: The girl knows three foreign languages, which makes i
14、t easier for her to find a good job.这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。People in the west make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.在西方,人们常在圣诞节时购买礼物给亲属和朋友。5. “Oh，dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”解析：now that“由于；既然”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以
15、省略。E.g.: Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese cultures, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日对你而言是个有价值的经历。6.There exists/existed.某地有；存在E.g.: As is known to us, there exists a generation gap between the young and the old.众所周知，青年人和老年人之间存在着
16、代沟。Unit 5 book 31The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.解析：that引导同位语从句。e.g.: We should consider the students request that the school library should provide more books on popular science.我们应该考虑学生们的要求，学校图书室应该多提供一些有关大众科学的书。2Rather than take the aeroplane all the way，they dec
17、ided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.解析：rather than与其;不愿,连接并列成分。would rather do.than do 宁愿而不愿would do.rather than do宁愿而不愿prefer to do.rather than do. 宁愿而不愿e.g.: If I had to give up one of them，I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell phone or
18、 cut off the Internet.如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉手机或切断网络。4. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.解析：some measuring.为独立主格结构。5. They were not leaving for Montreal until later，so they went on a tour of the city.解析：not.until.“直到才”。e.g.: I didnt realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class.直到我被选为我们班的班长我才意识到它的重要性。学科网（北京）股份有限公司