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1、Unit 1 book 81However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.解析：it is likely that.有可能。e.g.: 很有可能有一些像地球一样的星球，在那里可能也存在生命。It is quite likely that there are some planets like the earth，on which there might also be life.2It is believed that before
2、 long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.解析：it is believed that.人们认为/相信e.g.: 人们认为温室气体是全球气温升高的主因。It is believed that greenhouse gases are the main causes of global warming.3Built in 1
3、873，the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie，who wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams.解析：过去分词短语作状语。e.g.: 给予更多的关心和教导，这个孩子可能成为一名音乐家。Given more attention and instruction，the child is likely to grow into a musician.4Thats why today over 40% of Californians speak Sp
4、anish as a first or second language.解析：Thats why.那就是为什么。E.g.: 他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他为什么必须辍学的原因。He is addicted to computer games；thats why he has to drop out of school.Unit 2 book 81The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.解析：that引导同位语从句。e.g.： 这些年来地球逐渐变暖的事实，使科学家们非常担心。The fact has worri
5、ed many scientists that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. 2Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.解析：then位于句首，句子用全部倒装语序。(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首时，句子倒装。(2)fact，news，hope，truth，idea，su
6、ggestion，thought，question，order，problem,belief，fear等后接同位语从句。e.g.: 山顶上有一座300多年历史的古老城堡。On the top of the mountain stands an old castle which has a history of more than three hundred years.3 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass o
7、n the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.解析：The advantage is that.其优点是，that引导表语从句。e.g.：其优点是如果你能讲流利的英语，你更有可能找到好工作。The advantage is that if you can speak English fluently，you are more likely to find a good job.4However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and
8、 where it is leading us.解析：whether.or无论还是e.g.: 经济危机是否会很快结束，短时间内不会明朗。It is not immediately clear whether the financial crisis will soon be over or not.Unit 3 book 81Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.解析：祈使句and陈述句I
9、f.，主句祈使句or/otherwise陈述句If.not.，主句E.g.: Forget the past，leaving the sadness behind，and youll see the door of a new bright world open before you.Give up smoking，or/otherwise you may die of lung cancer.A bit more effort，I think，and you will settle the problem.2The criteria are so strict that it is diff
10、icult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.解析：so.that.引导的结果状语从句。3The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.解析：before意为“在之前”，引导时间状语从句。4Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.解析：only状语位于句首部分倒装。Unit 4 book 81Henry Higgins and Co
11、lonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.解析：形容词短语deep in sth.意为“专心；全神贯注；深陷”，在句中作状语。e.g.: 由于陷入深思中，他没有注意到车正朝他驶来。Deep in thought，he didnt notice the car running towards him.2But，sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an amb
12、assadors garden party.解析: once educated是省略结构，完整形式为once the girl is educated。3.Id never have come if Id known about this disgusting thing you want me to do.解析：if had done主句would have done 表示对过去的虚拟Unit 5 book 81Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be pa
13、rt of a large shallow lake.解析：as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如”。e.g.: 正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。“You cant judge a book by its cover,” as the old saying goes .2If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!解析：此句用了虚拟语气。if only.意为“要是就好了”。3. Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.解析：only to do 动词不定式表出乎意料的结果。学科网（北京）股份有限公司