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1、Welcome！过去分词的变化规则1.一般直接在词尾一般直接在词尾+ed2.以以e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加d3.以辅音以辅音+y结尾的把结尾的把y变变i加加ed4.以辅元辅结构的，双写最后一个以辅元辅结构的，双写最后一个 辅音字母加辅音字母加ed 5.不规则变化的参照不规则动词表。不规则变化的参照不规则动词表。n+1+1waterwatered watereduseused usedstudystudied studiedstopstopped stoppeddodid doneriderode riddenFor examplecleanfinishplaysmokeplantcarryfi
2、nd found found makemade madeinventbuild built builtsweep swept swepttake took takenbuy bought boughthave had hadLets have a try.sing sang sungtelltold toldgivegave givenThe Passive Voice英语动词有两种语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者Many people speak English.(主动主动)English
3、is spoken by many people.(被动被动)概念概念被动语态表示主语是动作被动语态表示主语是动作的的承受者承受者，即行为动作的，即行为动作的对象。对象。被动语态构成：被动语态构成：be+过去分词过去分词1）一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+rebuilt 2)一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were+rebuilt 以rebuild为例子5)现在进行时态：现在进行时态：is/am/are+being+rebuilt3)一般将来时：一般将来时：will/shall+be+rebuilt 4)过去将来时过去将来时would/should+be+rebuilt6)过去进行
4、时态：过去进行时态：was/were+being+rebuilt7)现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has+been+rebuilt8）过去完成时）过去完成时：had+been+rebuilt9)情态动词被动语态：情态动词被动语态：10)情态动词情态动词+be+rebuilt(1)不知道或没有必要说明不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。动作的执行者是谁。如如:Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的不知道电脑是谁偷的)3、被动动态的用法：、被动动态的用法：This book wa
5、s published in 1981.这本书出版于这本书出版于1981年。年。(2)强调动作的承受者强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。而不强调动作的执行者。如如:The window was broken by Mike.This book was written by him.。4、及物、及物 动词才有被动语动词才有被动语 态。被动语态的主语大态。被动语态的主语大 多数是物。多数是物。在英语中按动词后是否直接跟宾语，可以把动词分成两种：及物动词与不及物动词。及物动词vt.不及物动词vi.。及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。不及物动词不能直接加宾语。He tea
6、ches English in our school.English is taught in our school by him.语态转换语态转换宾变主，主变宾，宾宾变主，主变宾，宾+by+by，被动，被动bebe加加done,done,时态看主动时态看主动将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词过去分词”结结构。构。将主动语态的主语改为介词将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的宾语，之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。如果原句如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语
7、态中用主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in+地点名地点名词作状语。词作状语。The school set up a special class to help poor readers.A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.主动语态改为被动语态的方法She waters the flowers every day.The flowersWhat does she do every day?every day.are watered by herHe plays basketball every week.Bas
8、ketball is played by him every week.一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are+过去分词过去分词They do their homework after school.Their homework is done by them after school.My mother sweeps the floor every day.The floor is swept by my mother every day.2.We planted many trees last years.Many trees were planted by us
9、last year.一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词过去分词 I bought a computer last term A computer was bought (by me)last term.The light was invented by Thomas Edison.inventThomas Edison invented the light.The Great Wall was built by Chinese people many years ago.Chinese people built the Great Wall many yea
10、rs ago.The students planted many trees yesterday.Many trees were planted by the students yesterday.The students are planting many trees.-Many trees are being planted by the students3.She will teach Class 6.Class 6 will be taught by her.一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be+过去分词过去分词The work will be fin
11、ished by him next week.He will finished the work next week.Will they build a new house near school?Will a new house be built by them near school?现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态：is/am/are+being+过去分词过去分词4.She is teaching Class 6.Class 6 is being taught by her.5.Thecar_(mend)bythemanwhenIgotthere.过去进行时的被动语态：过去进行
12、时的被动语态：was(were)+being+过去分过去分词词Manytrees_(plant)intheparksincelastyear.现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have(has)+been+过去分词过去分词Theboxes_(carry)beforewegotthere.过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态：had been+过去分过去分词词3.We should plant many more trees.Many more trees should be planted by us.含情态动词的被动语态：含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词
13、过去分词 He can carry the basket.The basket can be carried by him.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.We should clean the classroom every day.The classroom should be cleaned by us every day.Our students mustnt smoke cigarettes.Cigarettes mustnt be smoked by our st
14、udents.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。它们分隔开来。I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.She gave me a book.如如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,sho
15、w,tell）主语主语+及物谓语动词及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）直接宾语（事物）8.He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回回 来。来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch)下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，
16、look,seem,taste,sound,remain等。等。Do you like the material?Yes,it feels very soft.误：误：It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误：误：The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误：误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二，谓语是及物动词第二，谓语是及物动词leave,enter,reach,suit,have,benefit,lack,own等。
17、如：等。如：He entered the room and got his book.误：误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：误：Her hand was had burned.第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to等。如：等。如：The fire broke out in the capital building.误：误：
18、The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie等。等。When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun had already risen.误：误：The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake,few houses remained.误：误：After the earthquake,few houses were rem
19、ained.第五。第五。在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：般可用被动结构来表示，例如：据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that 1)It is reported that i
20、t is going to rain tomorrow.2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）海南种植香焦。）2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树我们学校明年将种更多的树。）。）3.Were the trees planted by him.这些树是他种的吗？这些树是他种的吗？4.Young trees must be l
21、ooked after.(必须照看好小树）必须照看好小树）5.The building is being built.(那栋楼房正在建设中。）那栋楼房正在建设中。）6.The homework has been finished yet.（家作已经做完了。）（家作已经做完了。）1Stamps_by people for sending letters.A.use B.using C.used D.are used.2.Must old people_to politely?A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spoken3.Bike mustnt_everywhe
22、re.A.be up B.be put C.put C.putting4.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road.A.lay B.was lain C.lied D.has lainDDBA5.The old man and the children_in our country.A.must take good care .B.must be take good care ofC.must take good care of Dmust be taken good care of 6.All trees must_well when it i
23、s dry.A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered7._I think the shop_._No,its open.It_at six.A.close,close B closed,closedB.C.closed;closes D.is closed,closes DDD将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1.We can finish the work in two days.The work _ _ _ in two days.2.They produce silk in Suzhou.Silk _ _ in
24、 Suzhou.3.The children will sing an English song.An English song _ _ _ by the children.4.You neednt do it now.It _ _ _ by you now.5.Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card _ _ _ me by Lucy last week.6.He made me do that for him.I _ _ _ _that for him.7.I have given this book to the lib
25、rary.This book _ _ _ to the library.can be finishedis producedwill be sungneednt be donewas sent towas made to dohas been given1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twic
26、e a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told3.We found the ticket on the floor.5.Last year we built a library in ourschool.A library _ _ in
27、our school last year.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was built can be used7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9.The for
28、eign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken