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1、会计学1虚拟语气高考英语复习虚拟语气高考英语复习I.I.动词的语气简介：动词的语气简介：动词的语气简介：动词的语气简介：语气语气语气语气表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。示说话的语气。示说话的语气。示说话的语气。动词的三种语气：1、陈述语气所表达的动作或状态是符合客观 现实的。e.g.Flowers blossom in the
2、spring.He played the piano well.2、祈使语气表示号召、命令、请求、劝告等。e.g.Let us help you.Keep off the grass.3、虚拟语气与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑 推测、祝愿等。第1页/共12页II.II.虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 （Subjunctive MoodSubjunctive Mood）判断以下句子是不是正确的虚拟语气：1.If we could finish our work earlier,we shall go to the cinema.2.The doctor suggests that she wi
3、ll not smoke.3.I wish that it is true.4.Had you put on more clothes,you would not catch a cold.shall 改成 shouldwill not 改成(should)notis 改成 werewould not catch 改成 would not have caught第2页/共12页III.III.虚拟语气的运用虚拟语气的运用虚拟语气的运用虚拟语气的运用 1 1）if if真实条件句真实条件句 2 2）if if虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 3 3）错综条件句）错综条件句 4 4）省略）省略if if的倒装
4、句的倒装句 5 5）含蓄条件句（）含蓄条件句（withwith，but forbut for，不定式，分，不定式，分词等后）词等后）1、在if条件从句中的运用 2、其他形式的虚拟语气 1）should+动词原形的形式（表建议的advise，suggest 等词或从句后）2）wish，would rather，as if等后的虚拟语气的形式 第3页/共12页1 1、if if条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气 If it _(rain)tomorrow,our trip _ If it _(rain)tomorrow,our trip _ (put off)
5、.(put off).2）if虚拟条件句构成从句：一般现在时 主句：将来时rainswill be put off动词过去式bewere条件从句结果主句would/should/could/might+动词原形had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have 过去分词 动词过去式 were+不定式 should+动词原形would（should）+动词原形1）if真实条件句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反第4页/共12页ATTENTION 虚拟语气的助动词为should，would，could，might，与将来事实相反常用should或would系动词be
6、的过去式只有were 虚拟语气中只有完成式、过去式的形式，不存在一般现在时、将来时等其他时态的形式第5页/共12页练习：1.If I _(know)her address,I would write to her.2.What would you have done if you _(miss)the train?3.If he _(not be ill),he would have done something.4.If it _(snow)tomorrow,we _(get up)early.5.If you had asked him yesterday,you _(know)what
7、to do now.knewhad missed had not been illwere to/should snow/snowedshould get upwould know第6页/共12页3)错综条件句错综条件句If he _ his legs yesterday,he _ with us If he _ his legs yesterday,he _ with us now.now.A.A.hadnt hurt;would go hadnt hurt;would go B.B.hadnt hurt;would have gonehadnt hurt;would have goneC.
8、C.didnt hurt;would go didnt hurt;would go D.D.didnt hurt;would have gonedidnt hurt;would have gone 错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句的动作发生的时间不一致。e.g.If she hadnt studied hard,she wouldnt speak so well.第7页/共12页4)省略省略if的倒装句的倒装句e.g.If they were here,they would help us.如果从句中有were，should，had等词，可省略if，并把were，should，had放句首
9、进行倒装。If you had come earlier,nothing would have happened.Were they here,they would help us.Had you come earlier,nothing would have happened.第8页/共12页_ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful party.A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arriving D.Were they to arri
10、ve第9页/共12页5)含蓄条件句含蓄条件句假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but for，but，otherwise等。e.g.I lost her phone number,otherwise,I would have rung her up.But for your help,I would not have the chance to go to School.I was away that day,otherwise I _ the lecture.A.had attended B.would have attendedC.would attend D.attended If you had not helped meIf I had not lost her phone number第10页/共12页第11页/共12页