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1、英语主谓一致 初中英语复习 2概念：一致”(Concord 或Agreement)指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一至指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫做“主一动一致”指导原则：-主语和随后的动词词组(即谓语动词)之间的一致关系对中国学生来说，掌握上往往有一定的困难，因为这种一致关系常为不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。3u语法一致主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动司在单、复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式;如果名词中心词不是复数，以而是单数名词
2、或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。4eg:Bothboyshavetheirownmerits.Fewstudentsarereallylazy.Everygirlcomesontime.Twogirlswerestandingonthecorner.Eachboyhashisownbook.Eitheransweriscorrect.5u意义一致和就近原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数。比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数;反之，主语形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词
3、也用单数。这种一致关系叫做意义一致。eg:Thegovernmenthaveaskedthecountrytodecidebyavote.Fifteenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.Fiftydollarswasstolenfromthecashregister.6有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠靠近它的词语(主要指名词)的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Eithermybrothersormyfatheriscoming.Onlyoneoutoffivewerepresent.Nooneexcepthisownsupportersagr
4、eewithhim.NeithershenorIamgoing.71.由and或bothand连接的并列结构作主语，如果意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year.Both Anna and her son Bob have gone fishing on the lake.以并列结构做主语的主谓一致问题如果作主语的并列结构不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，则动词用单数。Ham and eggs is a good breakfast.Brown bread and butter
5、 is usually eaten with smoked salmon.82.由or，nor,either.or,neither.nor,notonly.butalso连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。例如:My sisters or my brother is likely to be at home.Either her father or her mother calls for her every afternoon.Neither the Kansas players nor the coach was overconfident.Not only bo
6、oks but also company is important to a child.93.当主语后面跟有由 as much as,rather than,more than,no less than 等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。例如:Some ofthe workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss.His brother rather than his parents is to blame.My wife,more than anyone else in the family,i
7、s anxious to go there again.10当主语后面跟有由 as well as，in addition to,with,along with,together with,except 等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式也取决于主语本身的形式例如:The manager with some workers was working during the holidays.The father,as well as his sons,is going to enroll.Bill,together with his sisters,was hurt inthe accident.Th
8、e truck along with all its contents was destroyed.The barn,in addition to the house,was burned.No one except two girls was late for dinner.111.Neither Tom nor I_ interested in playing WeChat.AamBisCareDbe12A句意：汤姆和我都对玩微信不感兴趣。neithernor意思是“既不，也不”，当连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”，谓语动词在人称和数上和相邻近的主语一致。本题与I一致，be动词用am。故选
9、A。132.Wechatis very popular._ the young _ the old are getting interested in it.ANeither；norBEither；orCNot only；but alsoDBetween；and14C句意：微信很流行，不但年轻人而且老年人都对它感兴趣。A.Neithernor：既不也不；B.Eitheror或者或者；C.Not onlybut also不但而且；D.Betweenand介于与之间。由“popular”（受欢迎的，流行的，大众的）可以推测出年轻人和老年人都感兴趣，故选C。153_my friendsI am in
10、terested in football and Messi is our favorite star.ABoth;andBEither;orCNeither;norDNot only;but also16D我和我的朋友都对足球感兴趣，梅西是我们最喜欢的球星。本题考查连词及主谓一致。Both；and两者都，谓语动词用复数；Either；or或者或者,句意和后半句不符；Neither;nor两者都不，句意不符；Not only;but also不但而且,主谓一致遵循就近原则，故选D。17Not only my parents but also I _ deeply moved by the song The Road Home by Andy Liu at the 2021 Spring Festival Gala（春晚）.AwereBwas Care Dam18B句意：在2021年春晚不仅我而且我的父母都被刘德华演唱的回家的路深深地感动了。not onlybut also,不仅而且，如果连接主语，谓语动词和紧挨着的主语保持一致。根据事情发生在春晚，可知用过去时态，谓语动词和I保持一致，故选B。感谢观看感谢观看