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1、n Lecture 2n Subject-Verb ConcordThree Principlesn1、语法一致(Grammatical Concord)n2、意义一致(Notional Concord)n3、就近原则(Principle of Proximity)n语法一致n主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；n主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。n例如：n语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。nA grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.nGrammar books help you learn s
2、omething about the rules of a language.n思考：nTo read English aloud every morning _you a lot of good.(do)nWhat he said _ been recorded.(have)nNeither of my sisters _ sports.(like)nThe United States _ leading the world in science and technology.(be)nOne Thousand And One Nights _ people lots of mysterio
3、us bits of folklore.(tell)Attention:形近短语的搭配n1、The number of printing mistakes in some recent books often _ people.(surprise)nA number of printing mistakes _nbeen found in some recent books.(have)n2、Many students _a walk on campus after dinner.(take)nMany a student_ a walk on campus after dinner.the
4、number of+n.(plural noun).的数量a number of+n(plural noun)大量的.n意义一致(Notional Concord)n从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题。nThe family are all fond of football.n那一家人都喜欢足球。nThe family is the tiniest cell of the society.n家庭是社会的最小的细胞。Attention：n1、数词主语：n四个星期通常被看成一个月。nFour weeks are often regarded as about one month.n二十年在人的一生里意味
5、着一个很长的时期。nTwenty years stands for a long period in ones life.n800块钱给一个学生吃一个月的伙食是足够的了。n800 Yuan is enough for a student to spend on food for one month.2、介词和连词的区别n这个学生和他的老师打算这个周末一起去野炊。nThe student and his teacher are going to have a picnic this weekend.subjectnThe student,together with his teacher,is
6、going to have a picnic this weekend.subjectprepostional phraseMore ExamplenPetroleum along with/as well as/together with fuel gas,_ recently risen in price.(have)n类似表达：nas well as,as much as,accompanied by,including,in addition to,more than,no less than,rather than,together with3、定语从句nShe is one of
7、the young women in the town who _ a scholarship from Oxford.nShe is the only one of the young women in the town who _ a scholarship from Oxford.n（receive）4、特殊结构n每个男孩和女孩对这本书都很感兴趣。nEach boy and each girl _ great interest in the book.nEvery boy and girl _great interest in the book.n(show)五、the+adjnThe
8、young,on the one hand,often think of the old conservative.On the other hand,the old always consider the young inexperience.一方面，青年人常认为老年人保守；另一方面，老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。n在许多故事里，好人总是有好报；坏人注定要倒霉。（the good.the bad.）nIn many stories,the good are well rewarded and the bad are doomed to unfortunate.六、and结构War and p
9、eace is a constant theme in history.Bread and butter is my usual breakfast.1.as a whole2.no article类似结构：类似结构：Law and orderKnife and fork比较：nA knife and a fork _ put on the table.nKnife and fork _used by most westerners.n(be)n就近原则(Principle of Proximity)n这一原则是指，谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有：
10、or,either or,neither nor ,not only but also 等,及there be句型 例如：nEither I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.不是我，就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任。nNeither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.既不是那些不友好的话，也不是那不友好的态度让我沮丧。nNot only he but also all his family are keen on concerts.不仅仅是他，而且是他全家人都很热衷于音乐会。nNeither his family nor he knows anything about it.他全家人和他都不知道那件事。