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1、2021年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）本试题来源于考生回忆，仅供广大考生参考，请勿用作其他用途！作文1.Su ppose y ou ha v e ju st pa rt ic ipa t ed in a sc hool projec t of c ollec t ing u sedb ooks on c a mpu s.You a re now t o w rit e a report a b ou t t he projec t,w hic h ma yinc lu d e it s a im,orga niz ers,pa rt ic ipa nt s a nd a c t iv it
2、 ies.You w ill ha v e 30minu t es t o w rit e t he report.You shou ld w rit e a t lea st 120 w ord s b u t no moret ha n 180 w ord s.【正确答案】A Report on t he Projec t of Used Books Collec t ing To Whom I t Ma yConc ern,A sc hool projec t of c ollec t ing u sed b ooks w a s held la st w eekend.Theproje
3、c t,orga niz ed b y St u d ent Union,t a rget ed ma inly ju nior a nd senior st u d ent sa nd a t t ra c t ed ma ny sophomores,t oo.The follow ing a re some of t he d et a ils.Aimed a t ra ising st u d ent s*a w a reness of rec y c ling a nd helping t hem d ev elop aha b it of t hrift y,t he projec
4、t c onsist s of t hree a c t iv it ies.The first one isb a rt er in w hic h st u d ent s b ring t heir u sed b ooks in ex c ha nge for b ooks t hey need.The sec ond is d ona t ion,in w hic h b ooks,ma inly c a rt oons a nd ma ga z ines,a red ona t ed t o a remot e ru ra l sc hool lib ra ry.I n t he
5、t hird a c t iv it y,b ooks,ma inlyreferenc e ones a nd ma t eria ls for CET_4,CET-6 a nd gra d u a t e ent ra nc e ex a m,a regiv en a w a y t o st u d ent s in need for free.I a m v ery ha ppy t o report t ha t a b ou t500 u sed b ooks ha v e fou nd new rea d ers,t ha t 800 ha v e b een c ollec t
6、ed for t heru ra l sc hool lib ra ry,a nd t ha t t he nu mb er of t he la t t er is st ill grow ing.Ont his a c c ou nt,I su ggest t ha t a c t iv it ies of t his kind b e held onc e a semest er.You rs sinc erely,L i Ming词汇理解The sheet s a re d a mp w it h sw ea t.You re c old,b u t y ou r hea rt is
7、ra c ing a s if aki1ler ju st c ha sed y ou d ow n a d a rk st reet.I t w a s ju st a night ma re,y ou t elly ou rself;t heres not hing t o b e a fra id of.Bu t y ou，re st ill filled w it h Cl.G iv en how u nset t ling a nd ha u nt ing night ma res c a n b e,is t here a w a yfor d rea mers t o C2,or
8、 ev en t u rn off,t hese b a d d rea ms a s t heyha ppen?Resea rc h is C3,b u t some st u d ies su ggest t ha t people w ho c a nma st er lu c id d rea ming-t ha t is,t he a b ilit y t o b e C4 t ha t a night ma reis ha ppening a nd possib ly ev en c ont rol it w it hou t w a king u p-ma y hold t he
9、 C5.Night ma res a re pa rt of t he hu ma n ex perienc e,espec ia lly for kid s.Doc t ors C6 d ont c onsid er oc c a siona l night ma res a prob lem.They c a nju st b e sy mpt oms of a sleep d isord er t ha t c a n C7 from a n u nplea sa ntex perienc e,st ress,or c ert a in d ru gs.To t rea t t he d
10、 isord er,t here a re a nu mb erof med ic ines a nd t hera pies t ha t a re b a c ked b y C8 resea rc h,a c c ord ingt o t he Americ a n Ac a d emy of Sleep Med ic ine,w hic h a na ly z ed t he a v a ila b leresea rc h on t he t rea t ment of night ma re d isord er in a rec ent C9pu b lished in t he
11、 J ou rna l of Clinic a l Sleep Med ic ine.H ow ev er,night ma res a re c omplic a t ed,a nd resea rc hers a re st ill st ru ggling t o u nd erst a ndt hem,sa id Dr.Ra c hel Sa la s,a n ex pert on sleep d isord ers a nd a n a ssoc ia t eprofessor a t J ohns H opkins Med ic ine in Ba lt imore.Wha t w
12、 e d o know is t ha tpeople CI O t o ha v e d ifferent kind s of night ma res a t d ifferent point sd u ring t he sleep c y c le.A)a mou nt B)a nsw er C)a v oid D)a w a re E)d epa rt F)d ra st ic a lly G)fea r H)limit ed I)mec ha nic a l J)resu lt K)rev iew L)rigorou s M)t end N)t imid it y 0)t y pi
13、c a lly【正确答案】2.Cl【正确答案】G【试题解析】空格前的结构是b e filled w it h,因此空格处应填入名词。本句意为：但你仍然充满。由前一句可知，你知道只是一场噩梦，没什么可怕的。本句与前一句构成转折，因此空格处应填入含有“害怕”意义的名词，由此确定答案为G)fea r。N)t imid it y 表 示“胆怯”，指缺乏勇气，与句意不符,因此排除。3.C2【正确答案】C【试题解析】空格前的结构是a w a y t o，结合下文与空格处构成选择关系的t u rnoff,空格处应填入动词原形。本句意为：考虑到噩梦是多么令人不安和挥之不去，做梦的人有没有办法，甚至在这些糟糕的
14、梦发生时关掉它们?空格后的or表示选择关系，ev en表示程度加深，因此空格处应填入与t u rn off意义相近的动词原形，由此确定答案为Oa v oid。备选的其他动词原形的词义与t u rn off无关，因此排除。4.C3【正确答案】H【试题解析】空格前有i s,因此空格处应填入形容词或动词的-ed 形式或-ing形式。本句意为：研究是。本句信息较少，无法直接推断出答案。根据后一分句“但有一些研究表明”可知，空格处所表达的意思应与后一分句成转折关系，可以推出目前的研究还有限，结合备选形容词词义，可确定答案为H)limit ed。另外几个备选词中,D)a w a re的主语是人，Dmec
15、ha nic a l不能修饰r e s e a r c h,r i g o r o u s 与后面的分句不能构成转折关系，故排除。5.C 4【正确答案】D【试题解析】空格前有b e,因此空格处应填入形容词或动词的-e d 形式或-i ng 形式。本句意为：那些能够掌握清醒梦的人_ _ _ _ _ _ _也就是能够_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _噩梦正在发生，甚至可能在不醒来的情况下控制噩梦。破折号之间的部分是插入语，对前面lu c i d d r e a mi ng “清醒梦”进行解释。由此可知，所 谓“清醒梦”就是知道噩梦在发生，因此空格处应填入含有“知道，意识到意义的形容词，由此确定答案为D
16、)a w a r e。6.C 5【正确答案】B【试题解析】空格前有定冠词t h e,因此空格处应填入名词。本句意为：那些能够掌握清醒梦的人_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 也就是能够意识到噩梦正在发生，甚至可能在不醒来的情况下控制噩梦可能就有了。本段是对第二段提出的问题“有没有方法避免甚至关掉噩梦？”所做的回答。很明显，会清醒地做梦的人就可以关掉噩梦，因此空格处应填入含有“答案，办法”意义的名词，由此确定答案为B)a ns w e r。7.C 6【正确答案】0【试题解析】空格后面是谓语动词d o n t c o ns i d e r,因此空格处应填入副词.本句意为：医生.不认为偶尔做噩梦是个问题
17、。前一句提到，噩梦是人类经历的一部分，后一句提到，它们可能只是睡眠障碍的症状。由此可知，在医生看来，噩梦是比较正常的，通常不会是大问题。因此空格处应填入含有“通常”意义的副词，由此确定答案为0)t y p i c a lly.另外一个备选副词F)d r a s t i c a lly 急剧地不符合句意,因此排除。8.C 7【正确答案】J【试题解析】空格前有情态动词c a n,因此空格处应填入动词原形。本句意为：它们可能只是睡眠障碍的症状，可能是由不愉快的经历、压力或某些药物。空格所在的t h a t 从句是定语从句，修 饰 s le e p d i s o r d e r。由句意可知，t h
18、a t 从句里提到的因素可以导致s le e pd i s o r d e r,因此空格处应填入含有“由引起”意义的动词原形，由此确定答案为J)r e s u lt 备选的其他动词原形中，除 E)d e p a r t 之外，其他均不能与介词f r o m连用，但是 d e p a r t f r o m表 示“出发；违反(常规)”的意思，不符合句意，因此排除。9.C 8【正确答案】L【试题解析】空格后有名词r e s e a r c h,因此空格处应填入形容词。本句意为：为了治疗唾眠障碍，有很多得到了 研究支撑的药物和疗法。本题可以用排除法。在备选形容词中，D)a w a r e 不能作名词
19、的定语，即不能位于名词之前，Dme c h a ni c a l不能修饰r e s e a r c h,意义不通,因此排除这两项。H)li mi t e d 意思是“有 限 的，与句中a nu mb e ro f “大量的 相矛盾，因此排除。由此确定本题答案为L)r i g o r o u s,r i g o r o u s r e s e a r c h表 示“严格的研究”。1 0.C 9【正确答案】K【试题解析】空格前有形容词r e c e n t,因此空格处应填入名词。本句意为：最近发表在 临床睡眠医学杂志上的一篇,分析了关于治疗噩梦障碍的现有研究。由句意可知，发 表 在 临床睡眠医学杂
20、志上的这篇文章是对现有研究的梳理，在学术写作中，这类文章属于综述性质，因此空格处应填入含有“综述”意义的名词，由此确定答案为K)r e v i e w 1 1.C I O【正确答案】M【试题解析】分析空格所在句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语动词，因此空格处应填入动词，且能与后面的t o h a v e 构成t o d o 结构。本句意为：我们所知道的就是，人们在睡眠周期的不同时间 做不同类型的噩梦。备选项中符合要求的只有M)t e n d “往往”使句意通顺，故答案为M)。备选的其他动词均没有此含义，而且都不能与t o d o 连用，因此排除。长篇阅读W h y i t m a t t e r
21、s t h a t t e e n s a r e r e a d i n g l e s s A)M o s t o f u s s p e n d m u c h m o r e t i m ew i t h d i g i t a l m e d i a t h a n w e d i d a d e c a d e a g o.B u t t o d a y，s t e e n s h a v e g r o w n u pw i t h s m a r t p h o n e s.C o m p a r e d w i t h t e e n s a c o u p l e o f
22、d e c a d e s a g o,t h e w a y t h e yi n t e r a c t w i t h t r a d i t i o n a l m e d i a l i k e b o o k s a n d m o v i e s i s f u n d a m e n t a l l yd i f f e r e n t.B)A n a l ys i s o f s u r v e ys o f o v e r o n e m i I l i o n t e e n s i n t h e U n i t e dS t a t e s c o l l e c t
23、 e d s i n c e 1 9 7 6 r e v e a l s a m a j o r s h i f t i n h o w t e e n s a r e s p e n d i n gt h e i r l e i s u r e t i m e.P a p e r b o o k s a r e b e i n g i g n o r e d,i n f a v o r o f s c r e e n s.D i g i t a ld e v i c e s a r e c h a n g i n g o t h e r b e h a v i o r s,t o o.M o
24、 r e a n d m o r e,yo u n g p e o p l e c h o o s es p e n d i n g t i m e o n t h e i r e l e c t r o n i c d e v i c e s o v e r e n g a g i n g i n o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s,r e g a r d l e s s o f t h e t yp e.I n d e e d,b y 2 0 1 6,t h e a v e r a g e A m e r i c a n h i g h s c h o o ls e
25、 n i o r s a i d t h e y s p e n t s i x h o u r s a d a y w r i t i n g t e xt m e s s a g e s,o n s o c i a l m e d i a,a n d o n l i n e d u r i n g t h e i r f r e e t i m e.A n d t h a t c o v e r s j u s t t h r e e a c t i v i t i e s,a n di f o t h e r d i g i t a l m e d i a a c t i v i t i
26、 e s w e r e i n c l u d e d,t h a t e s t i m a t e w o u l d n o d o u b trise.C)Teens did not always spend that much time with digital media.Onlinetime has doubled since 2006,and social media use has moved from a periodicactivity to a daily one in the same period.By 2016,nearly nine out of tenyou
27、ng women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day.Meanwhile,time spent playing video games rose from under an hour a day to anhour and a half on average.One out of ten American 8th grade students in 2016spent 40 hours a week or more playing video games.Let me emphasize that t
28、hisis equal to the time most adults spend per week at work.D)If teens arespending so much time using electronic devices,does that mean they have togive up some other activities?Maybe not.Over the years,many scholars haveinsisted that time online does not necessarily take away time spent engagingwith
29、 traditional media or on other activities.Some people,they argue,arejust more interested in certain kinds of media and entertainment.Thus,usingmore of one type of media does not necessarily mean less of the other.E)Thatmay be true,but that still does not tell us much about what happens across awhole
30、 generation of people when time spent on digital media grows.Largesurveys conducted over the course of many years tell us that American youth arenot going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past.Whi1e 70percent of 8th and 10th grade students used to go to the movies once a month ormore
31、,now only about half do this.More and more,watching a movie is somethingteens choose to do on their electronic devices.W hy is this a problem?Onereason is that going to the cinema is generally a social activity.Now,watching movies is something that most teens do alone.This fits a largerpattern.In an
32、other analysis,researchers found that todays teens go out withtheir friends much less often than previous generations did.F)But the trendsrelated to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teensspend their time.Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading.In 1980,about 60
33、percent of senior high school students said they read a book,newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school.By 2016,only16 percent did.This is a huge drop and it is important to note that this wasnot merely a deciine in reading paper books,newspapers or magazines.Thesurvey allowed
34、for reading materials on a digital device.G)Indeed,the numberof senior high school students who said they had not read any books forpleasure in the last year was one out of three by 2016.That is triple then u m b e r f r o m t w o d e c a d e s a g o.F o r t o d a y，s yo u t h,b o o k s,n e w s p a
35、p e r s a n d m a g a zi n e sh a v e l e s s a n d l e s s o f a p r e s e n c e i n t h e i r d a i l y l i v e s.O f c o u r s e,t e e n s a r es t i l l r e a d i n g.B u t t h e y a r e g e n e r a l l y r e a d i n g s h o r t t e xt s.M o s t o f t h e m a r e n o tr e a d i n g l o n g a r t
36、 i c l e s o r b o o k s t h a t e xp l o r e d e e p t h e m e s a n d r e q u i r e c r i t i c a lt h i n k i n g a n d r e f l e c t i o n.P e r h a p s n o t a c c i d e n t a l l y,i n 2 0 1 6 r e a d i n g s c o r e s w e r et h e l o w e s t t h e y h a v e e v e r b e e n s i n c e 1 9 7 2.
37、H)T h i s m i g h t p r e s e n t p r o b l e m s f o ryo u n g p e o p l e l a t e r o n.W h e n h i g h s c h o o l s t u d e n t s g o o n t o c o l l e g e,t h e i r p a s ta n d c u r r e n t r e a d i n g h a b i t s w i l l i n f l u e n c e t h e i r a c a d e m i c p e r f o r m a n c e.I m
38、 a g i n eg o i n g f r o m r e a d i n g t e xt s a s s h o r t a s o n e o r t w o s e n t e n c e s t o t r yi n g t o r e a de n t i r e b o o k s w r i t t e n i n c o m p l e x l a n g u a g e a n d c o n t a i n i n g s o p h i s t i c a t e d i d e a s.R e a d i n g a n d c o m p r e h e n d
39、 i n g l o n g e r b o o k s a n d c h a p t e r s t a k e s p r a c t i c e,a n dA m e r i c a n t e e n s a r e n o l o n g e r g e t t i n g t h a t p r a c t i c e.I)S o h o w c a n t h i s p r o b l e mb e s o l v e d?S h o u l d p a r e n t s a n d t e a c h e r s t a k e a w a y t e e n s s m
40、 a r t p h o n e s a n d r e p l a c et h e m w i t h p a p e r b o o k s?P r o b a b l y n o t.R e s e a r c h h a s s h o w n t h a t s m a r t p h o n e s a r ec u r r e n t l y A m e r i c a n t e e n s m a i n f o r m o f s o c i a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n.T h i s m e a n s t h a t,w i t h o
41、 u t a s m a r t p h o n e,t e e n s a r e l i k e l y t o f e e l i s o l a t e d f r o m t h e i r p e e r s.H o w e v e r,t h a t d o e s n o t m e a n t e e n s n e e d t o u s e e l e c t r o n i c d e v i c e s a s o f t e n a st h e y d o n o w.D a t a c o n n e c t i n g e xc e s s i v e d i
42、 g i t a l m e d i a t i m e t o m e n t a l h e a l t hi s s u e s s u g g e s t s a l i m i t o f t w o h o u r s a d a y o f f r e e t i m e s p e n t w i t h s c r e e n s,ar e s t r i c t i o n t h a t w i l l a l s o a l l o w t i m e f o r o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s 一l i k e g o i n g t o
43、t h em o v i e s w i t h f r i e n d s o r r e a d i n g l o n g e r,m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d t e xt s.J)T h e l a t t e r i se s p e c i a l l y i m p o r t a n t.I w o u 1 d a r g u e t h a t o f a l l t h e c h a n g e s b r o u g h t a b o u t b yt h e w i d e s p r e a d u s e o f d i g i
44、t a l d e v i c e s,t h e h u g e d e c l i n e i n r e a d i n g i s l i k e l y t oh a v e t h e b i g g e s t n e g a t i v e i m p a c t o n t o d a y*s t e e n s b e c a u s e r e a d i n g b o o k s a n dl o n g e r a r t i c l e s i s o n e o f t h e b e s t w a ys t o l e a r n c r i t i c a
45、 l t h i n k i n g.I t h e l p sp e o p l e t o u n d e r s t a n d c o m p l e x i s s u e s a n d t o s e p a r a t e f a c t f r o m f i c t i o n.T h u s,d e e p r e a d i n g i s c r u c i a l f o r b e i n g a g o o d c i t i ze n,a s u c c e s s f u l c o l l e g e s t u d e n ta n d a p r o
46、d u c t i v e e m p l o ye e.I f s e r i o u s r e a d i n g d i e s,a l o t w i 1 1 g o w i t h i t.【正确答案】1 3.M a n y ye a r s*s u r v e ys r e v e a l t h a t yo u n g p e o p l e i n A m e r i c a a r e g o i n g t o t h ec i n e m a m u c h l e s s o f t e n t h a n t h e y u s e d t o.【正确答案】E【试
47、题解析】同义转述题。定位句提到，多年来进行的大型调查告诉我们，美国年轻人去电影院的频率不像过去那么高了。题干中的g o i n g t o t h e c i n e m a m u c h l e s s o f t e n t h a nt h e y u s e d t o 对应原文中的 n o t g o i n g t o t h e c i n e m a n e a r l y a s o f t e n a s t h e y d i d i nt h e p a s t,故答案为E）。1 4 .S u r v e y a n a l ys i s s h o w s A m
48、e r i c a n t e e n s n o w s p e n d t h e i r l e i s u r e t i m e o n d i g i t a ld e v i c e s r a t h e r t h a n r e a d i n g p r i n t e d b o o k s.【正确答案】B【试题解析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，对 自 1 9 7 6 年以来在美国收集的一百多万个青少年的调研进行分析后发现，他们度过休闲时间的方式发生了巨大变化。纸质书籍正在被忽视，而电子屏幕却备受喜爱。题干中的S ur v e y an al y s i s 和 s p e
49、 n d t h e i r l e i s ur e t i m eo n d i gi t al d e v i ce s r at h e r t h an r e ad i n g p r i n t e d bo o k s 分 另!J对应定位句中的 A n al y s i so f s ur v e y s P ap e r bo o k s ar e be i n g i gn o r e d,i n f av o r o f s cr e e n s,故答案为 B）。1 5.Th e n um be r o f s e n i o r h i gh s ch o o l e
50、r s n o t r e ad i n g bo o k s f o r p l e as ur e i n a y e ari n cr e as e d t h r e e t i m e s o v e r 2 0 y e ar s.【正确答案】G【试题解析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，事实上，截至2 0 1 6年，表示过去的一年没有因为乐趣而读过任何书籍的高中生人数达到了三分之一。这个数字是2 0 年前的三倍。题干中的 i n cr e as e d t h r e e t i m e s 和 o v e r 2 0 y e ar s 分别对应原文中的 t r i p l e 和 t w