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1、中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案经典一、中考英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)1.请阅读下面的海报，从每小题所给的A,B,C 三个选下中选出一个最佳选项。House fires often happened.So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protectfamily from them.The following poster in the neighborhood will tell you how to do it.Fire SafetyPut a smoke alarm in your house and test it
2、 every month.Half of all house fire deaths happenbetween 11 pm and 7 am.The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smokealarms.Make sure your hearing aid,wheelchair or eyeglasses are next to your bed.Fire can spreadthrough a house soon.You may have as little as two minutes to esca
3、pe(逃离)safely.Be readyto act at once.C reate a fire escape plan.77%of families dont have a house fire escape plan to follow.Thatsone of the reasons why at least one child dies and 293 children are injured in a house fire everyday.D ont call 119 until you are safely outside.D uring a fire,the first th
4、ing to do is to get out ofhouse as fast as you can.(1)makes the risk of dying in a house fire smaller.A.A smoke alarm B.A pair of eyeglasses C.A wheelchair(2)We may have only to escape from a house firm safely.A.half an hour B.2 minutes C.293 seconds(3)According to the p o s t e r,c a n help save yo
5、u from a house fire.A.stopping the fire from spreadingB.making and following a plan to escapeC.keeping awake betwrenll pm.and 7 am.(4)C all 119 for hel p.A.after you reach safelyB.as soon as you are ready to escapeC.when you find out what causes the house fire(5)The poster is put up in the neighborh
6、ood to help people learn to.A.plan their live as they wishB.save time as much as possibleC.protect themselves in a right way【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)A(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了当家庭火灾发生时，应该如何做才能够最安全，损失最小。(1)细节理解题。根据The risk of dying in a house fire is cut in half with working smokealarms可知，烟雾报警器会降低火灾的死亡，故答案是A。(
7、2)细节理解题。may have as little as two minutes to escape(逃 离)safely”可知，故答案是B o(3)细节理解题。根 据 C reate a fire escape plan.77%of families dont have a house fireescape plan to follow.可知，77%的家庭没有可遵守的火灾逃离方案。制定并且遵守逃离方案可以救助人们。故答案是B。(4)细节理解题。根据D ont call 119 until you are safely outside.可知，直到你安全到达户外后再打1 1 9,故答案是A o
8、(5)细节理解题。根据So it appears necessary to learn something useful to protect familyfrom them.可知张贴海报的目的是以正确的方式保护人们，故答案是C o【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题比较简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案。2.阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。Smile Train is a charity(慈善日1体)that helps the millions of children around the world,whosuffer from a fa
9、cial defect(缺 陷).The defect happens when a babys top lip or mouth doesntform properly before birth.Eating and drinking is very difficult for these babies.The charityprovides free operations,which give these children a new smile,and with it,new hope and a newbeginning.C hildren with the defect need a
10、ll the help.Although many sufferers are accepted by theirfamilies,sadly,others are not.In some countries,children with this defect are often abandonedat birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations.The goodnews is that the operation is not difficult.It takes less
11、than an hour and costs the family nothing.The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform the operations.A Smile Train doctor from the UK said,Each child who has the operation is given a secondchance at life.After years of staying at home,the children can finally go to sch
12、ool and be happy.Every year I perform hundreds of operations free of cost through Smile Train.Some of the storiesI have heard are quite surprising.One newborn baby girl was found abandoned on a train.Luckilyfor her,she was found and adopted(U攵养)by a passenger.This lady then heard about SmileTrain an
13、d brought the baby to our hospital.I did the operation and gave hope to the family.Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors.In this way we make sure thatthese operations will always be available.(1)Smile Train is a charity whi ch.A.provides food and medical care for poor child
14、renB.raises money for all the doctors working in the UKC.offers free medical help to children with the facial defectD.gives children without parents new hope and a new beginning(2)The underlined word abandoned in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to.A.given up B.dressed up C.called up D.brought up(3
15、)What did the doctor from the UK think of his volunteer work?A.D angerous B.Surprising C.Relaxing D.Valuable(4)It can be inferred from the passage that.A.children with the facial defect are becoming more ashamed than beforeB.more doctors are trained to help children with the facial defectC.fewer bab
16、y boys with the facial defect are operated on than girlsD.doctors in Smile Train are always well paid for doing the operations【答案】(1)c(2)A(3)D(4)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了 Smile Train这个慈善团体，帮助面部有缺陷的孩子做手术。(1)细节理解题。根据文章第一句Smile Train is a charity(慈 善 团 体)that helps themillions of children around the world,
17、who suffer from a facial defect(缺陷).可知 Smile Train是一个为面部有缺陷的儿童提高帮助的慈善团体，故选C。(2)词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句 Although many sufferers are accepted by their families,sadly,others are not.In some countries,children with this defect are often abandoned at birthbecause their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot affor
18、d the operations.Although 弓|导让步状语从句，尽管许多患者被他们的家庭接受了，令人伤心的是，其他的没有被接受。可知因为他们的父母对他们感动羞愧，或者付不起手术费，因此这些有缺陷的孩子经常被遗弃，故选 A。(3)细节理解题。根据 Each child who has the operation is given a second chance at life.以及 In this way we make sure that these operations will always be available.可知来着英国的这位医生认为他的工作非常有价值，故选D。(4)推测
19、判断题。根据 The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers toperform the operations.慈 善 团 体集 资 并 且 找到正确的做手术的医疗志愿者，以及Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors.像我一样有经验的医生和当地的医生分享我们的技术，可知更多的医生被训练来帮助面部有缺陷的孩子，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后带着问题在原文中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。3
20、.阅读理解How many of us have reached into our drawer(抽屉)and pulled out socks that didnt match?Will you throw them away like most girls or try to reuse them?The story of C arly and C harleymay help you.C arly and C harley are the girls who often lose their socks.At first,they just matched differentcolors
21、 or styles like some other girls.But most of the time,these socks couldnt match theirclothes.So they came up with an idea and started Odd Sox:they collected these socks and gavethem away to homeless people.But the problem wasnt solved.They still had missing socks untilthey realized that they could m
22、ake a business out of it.So they set up Single Sox:he girls sellsocks in packs(包)of three so you can mix and match as you wish.Each pack is super colorful andsupednspiring(激励人心 的)一C arly and C harley have written words on every sock to encouragegirls to celebrate their differences.And they cairv on
23、the tradition of giving backfor every pair of socks sold,they give away apair to those in need.Nothing is a waste if you have a creative mind.(1)C arly and C harley set up Odd Sox and gave away the socks to.A.sick children B.disabled women C.poor students D.homeless people(2)The words on the socks a
24、re to encourage girls to_ their differences.A.match B.shout C.reach D.celebrate(3)The underlined words carry on in the third paragraph probably mean_.A.continue B.compare C.connect D.control(4)The correct order of the following is _.started Odd Sox.carry on the tradition of giving backset up Single
25、Sox(4)matched different socksA.。B.C.(5)The passage is mainly about how toA.collect different ideasB.buy all kinds of socksC.put things to good useD.throw away the waste【答案】(1)D(2)D(3)A(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们中有多少人把手伸进抽屉里拿出了不相配的袜子？你会像大多数女孩一样把它们扔掉还是再利用它们？卡莉和查理的故事也许对你有帮助。短文讲述他们是如何处理袜子的。(1)细节理解题，根据 So th
26、ey came up with an idea and started Odd Sox:they collectedthese socks and gave them away to homeless people.可知，卡莉和查理把袜子收集起来送给无家可归的人，故答案是D。(2)细节理解题，根据 Carly and Charley have written words on every sock to encourage girlsto celebrate their differences.可知写这些话的原因是为了鼓励女孩子们来庆祝自己的与众不同，故答案是D。(3)词义猜测题，根据 the
27、y realized that they could make a business out of it 可知一开始他们通过售出的袜子赚钱，又根据 the tradition of giving backfor every pair of socks sold可知还是坚持了卖袜子要回报的传统，所以carry o n的意思是坚持，继续的意思，故答案是A。(4)细节排序题，根据段文内容可知，他们一开始把不同的袜子搭配在一起，然后建立了一个Odd S o x,再往后建立了独立的S o x,最后把原来的传统坚持了下来，因此正确顺序为4-1-3-2,故答案是C。(5)主旨大意题，根据文章主要讲述了两个孩
28、子，把没有用的袜子重新利用起来的故事，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题和主旨大意题。细节理解题比较简单，可直接在短文中找到答案，词义猜测题则需要结合具体语境推测出生词的意思，细节排序题也属于细节理解，只是需要我们按照文章内容去排列指定的细节，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，归纳出文章的中心思想。4.阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项.The World Health Organization(世界卫生组织)says air pollution kills seven million peoplearound
29、 the world each year.Even if polluted air does not kill us,it can make s very sick.However,breathing dirty air may do more than hurt your body.It can also affect（影响）yourbrain and your ability to think.A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge reduction（减少）in our intelligence（智商）.The rese
30、archers reported that long-term exposure（暴露）to air pollution can affecta persons mental（智力的）abilities in two areas:language and math.Xi C hen,the researcher of the Yale School of Public Health led the study.He and his teamfound that breathing polluted air can reduce a persons education level by abou
31、t one year.C hen said that the effectC 结果）generally is worse for those over 64 years of age,for men andfor those with little or no education.The older persons-they are more affected.And we find,quite interestingly,men are moreaffected than women.And people working outdoors are more affected than peo
32、ple workingindoors.The researchers noted that the effect of pollution on language ability is even more serious aspeople age,especially among men and the less educated.Why were language skills more affected than math?There are two main kinds of tissue（组织）in the brain:white matter and grey matter.Whit
33、e matter is more connected with a personslanguage skills,while grey matter is connected to our ability to solve math problems.Studieshave shown that air pollution has a great effect on the white matter in the brain,but not the greymatter.C hen said that air pollution did affect the math skills,just
34、not as much as their language skills.（1）Air pollution causes_million people to die around the world each year.A.one B.two C.seven D.sixty-four（2）Which is not true according to the passage?A.Breathing dirty air may hurt your body.B.Breathing dirty air can affect your brain.C.Breathing dirty air can a
35、ffect your ability to think.D.Breathing dirty air can make your immune system（免疫系统）strong.（3）The effect of breathing polluted air generally is worse for those people except_.A.men B.women C.those with little or no education D.those over 64 years of age（4）In the sixth paragraph,people working outdoor
36、s probably refers to（指的是）_A.the researchersB.people with little or no educationC.people from the World Health OrganizationD.people from the Yale School of Public Health(5)Air pollution affected the language skills_math skills.A.as much as B.as little as C.more than D.less than【答案】(1)C(2)D(3)B(4)B(5)
37、C【解析】【分析】主要讲了空气污染不仅会伤害我们的身体，也会影响我们的大脑和思考的能力。(1)细节理解题。根据 The World Health Organization(世界卫生组织)says air pollution killsseven million people around the world each year.世界卫生组织说，每年有700万人死于空气污染，故选C。(2)细节理解题。根据 breathing dirty air may do more than hurt your body.lt can also affect(影 响)your brain and your a
38、bility to think.呼吸污浊的空气不仅会伤害你的身体，还会影响你的大脑和思考能力，故选项D 没提到，故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据 C hen said that the effect(结 果)generally is worse for those over 64years of age,for men and for those with little or no education.陈说，结果通常对 64 岁以上的人、男性和没有受过多少教育的人来说更糟，故选B。(4)细节理解题。根据 the effect(结 果)generally is worse for those ov
39、er 64 years of age,for men and for those with little or no education.And people working outdoors are moreaffected than people working indoors.结果通常对6 4 岁以上的人、男性和受教育程度较低或不受教育的人来说效果更差，而在户外工作的人比在室内工作的人受影响更大，可知说的是受教育程度低或不受教育的人，故选B。(5)细节理解题。根据 Why were language skills more affected than m ath?为什么语言技能比数学更受
40、影响？故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5.阅读理解Tips for Living in C hina1.D innersWhen you are invited to dinner,you dont have to eat everything.First,try a little of every dishby putting some on your plate or in a rice bowl.You dont have to eat it.But as a foreign guest,yourre supposed to be served fi
41、rst.If you dont try something,your host will beembarrassed-and will put it on your plate for you.2.C hopsticksThe main difference on the C hinese dinner table is that people use chopsticks instead of knifeand fork.Remember dont point at others with chopsticks or wave them around when you talk atdinn
42、er.Never stick them upright in your rice bowl-thats how the C hinese honor the dead atgraves(坟 墓),Instead,you should put chopsticks beside the plate.3.BargainingWhen you go to open-air markets or private stores,you need to bargain with the shopassistants.Remember to establish a friendly relationship
43、 first.You are creating a relationship withthe sellers,not a price war.Think of it this way:Shouting,arguing,and pointing are not good.Instead,you should smile,be friendly and offer to buy more for a better price.And dont beafraid to askz C an you offer me a better price?(1)When you are invited to d
44、inner in C hina,.A.you should not try anythingB.youd better leave if you dont like the dishesC.you need to cat all the dishes before you are servedD.you may take a little of every dish and put it on your own plate(2)How do you use chopsticks properly in C hina?A.If you are full,you may stick the cho
45、psticks upright.B.You may knock at the bowl with the chopsticks if you like the food.C.When you finish eating,you may put the chopsticks next to the plate.D.You may point at people with the chopsticks when you are talking at dinner.(3)Whats the meaning of the underlined word bargain in C hinese?A.大喊
46、大叫 B.讨价还价 C.指手画脚 D.品头论足【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了中国人在就餐，使用筷子及购物讨价还价方面的一些风俗习惯。(1)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 When you are invited to dinner,you dont have to eateverything.First,try a little of every dish by putting some on your plate or in a rice bowl.可 矢 11,在你的盘子里或饭碗里放一些，尝试每一道菜。故选D。(2)细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Instea
47、d,you should put chopsticks beside the plate.可知，把筷子放在盘子或碗的旁边，故选C。(3)词义推断题。根据文中的语句 Instead,you should smile,be friendly and offer to buy morefor a better price.And dont be afraid to ask,C an you offer me a better price?”理解可知，bargain的含义是讨价还价，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找
48、答案;主旨题,词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。6.阅读理解Why is music so important to children?Here are some of my thoughts on the subject.Music has a positive(积 极 的)effect on young childrens development!New research shows that music has a good influence on young childrens cognitive(认知的)skills,such as spatial re
49、asoning(空|、可推理)and memory.Research also shows that offeringchildren an interesting environment can support childrens healthy growth and development.Young children enjoy making music with others!Making music with others gives children a wonderful feeling of belonging to the group.C hildren might have
50、 difficulty joining in activities with others because they are shy,have limitedlanguage ability or special needs,but they can freely take part in a music activity.Music makes young children happy!C hildren seem to experience much pleasure and joy when listening to music,making musicand dancing to mu