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1、I.形式一致1.单数名词、代词，不可数名词,单个的动词不定式，动名词短语或从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。但由and连接的两个并列结构，谓语动词用复数。To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.Smoking _ harm to your health.Failure _ the mother of success.What he said _ quite right.The questions raised by Tom _ very important.To work hard and to realize my wish _ my aims.Wha
2、t I saw and what I heard _ the same.第1页/共16页2.用and，both.and 连接的并列主语,谓语动词多用复数。但如果并列的名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。（这时and 后接名词前无冠词）1）To go to bed early and to get up early _ a good habit.2）Both bread and butter _ sold in the shop.3）Bread and butter _ served for breakfast in this hotel.4）A cart and ho
3、rse _seen in the distance.5）The girls teacher and friend _ a young lady.6）The poet and writer _ arrived.The poet and the writer _ arrived.isareiswasishashave第2页/共16页7）What he says and what he does _ not agree.8）What caused the fire and how much the loss _ still unknown.3.由and连接的两个单数主语前分别有every,each,
4、many a,no修饰时，谓语用单数。即everyand every,eachand each,noand no及many a and many a.Every boy and every girl _ to the party.(invite)Each boy and each girl _ got a seat.(have)No teacher and no student _ admitted.Many a desk and many a bench _ out of the hall.(take)Many a man _ it before.(see)dowere第3页/共16页4.在
5、主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数与其后的主语一致。在there be句型中,如果有多个名词，谓语动词应与第一个名词保持一致。South of the town _ a city.On the wall _ several pictures.There _ an apple and three oranges on the plate.(be)There _ to be four gunmen watching on the temple.(seem)Now _ your turn.Such _ his words.第4页/共16页5.主语后面跟有with,together with,along
6、with,as well as,no less than，more than，rather than，like,besides,except,but,including,in addition to 等引起的短语，谓语动词采取承前原则。Tom,together with his parents,_ gone.No one except my parents _ about it.The visitors as well as the guide _ rescued.John,rather than his classmates,_ to meet you.All but me _ to bla
7、me.第5页/共16页6.不定代词either,neither,each,one,the other,another以及由any,some,no,every与body,one,thing构成的不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数。Each of us _ something to say.Something _ wrong with the phone.Someone _ using the telephone.Everything around us _ matter,_?但none/neither/either of作主语时，后接不可数名词用单数的谓语动词；后接可数名词时，谓语动词既可用单数也可
8、用复数。None of the information _ useful to me.None of the books _ easy enough for us.None of us _ a camera.第6页/共16页7定语从句中的谓语动词与其先行词保持一致。I,who _ your friend,will help you.但one of+the+n(pl)+定语从句,从句中谓语用复数,而 .the(only)one of+the+n(pl)+定语从句,从句中谓语用单数Tom is one of the students who _ passed the exam.Tom is the
9、 only one of the students who _ passed the exam.One of the books I borrowed _ stolen.第7页/共16页8It+be+被强调部分+that/who 结构中，be用单数，如被强调的部分是主语，that/who后的谓语与被强调部分的人称和数一致。It is I who _ going abroad for further study.(be)It is they that/who _ chatting on the Internet.(enjoy)第8页/共16页9.more than+n.谓语动词取决于后面名词的数
10、.more than+数词+n(pl)作主语时,谓语用复数.more than+one+n(单数)作主语时,谓语单复数均可,但多用单数。.More than 200 people _ seen the film.(have)More than one person _ made the suggestion.(have)more+n(pl)than one 作主语时,谓语动词多用复数.More members than one _ against your plan.第9页/共16页II.意义上的一致:1有些名词只有复数形式,如：glasses,scales(天平),scissors(剪刀),
11、trousers,spectacles(眼镜),clothes,goods,socks,shorts,pliers(钳子),compasses(圆规),chopsticks 等等作主语时,谓语用复数。但如有成双成对的名词a pair of,this pair of,a kind of 时,谓语用单数.Pair等用复数，谓语复数.The glasses _ to me.(belong)This pair of trousers _ mine.This kind of book=a book of this kind,作主语，谓语用单数；this kind of men,men of this k
12、ind 和these kind(s)of men三者意义相同，但后两者作主语时，谓语用复数。This kind of men _ dangerous.Men of this kind _ hard to get on with.第10页/共16页2有些名词形式上是复数,意义上是单数,作主语谓语动词用单数.这些名词有:news,works,means,physics,mathematics,economics(以ics结尾的学科名词).Physics seems to be difficult to me.(1)单复数相同的词,作主语时谓语动词单复依定语而定.如:means,works,deer
13、,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss等。1)All means have been tried.2)Every means has been tried,but without much result.works 作“工厂”解时，谓语动词用单数，作“著作”解时，谓语动词用复数。The glass works was set up in 1959.Chairman Maos works have been published.politics 作“政治学科”解,谓语用单数，作“政治见解”解,谓语用复数.May I ask what your politics are？第11页/共16页
14、3集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。如：people,police,cattle，youth 等。但people表示“一个民族”解时，谓语用单数；表示“多个民族”时.谓语用复数。The cattle _ eating grass in the fields.The police _ searching the town for the murderer.Our youth _ all loyal to our motherland.The Chinese people _ a brave and hard-working one.第12页/共16页4表示书刊、剧名、报纸名、国家、城市、组织、人名
15、等的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。“The Arabian Nights”_ a very interesting book.The Selected Poems of LiBai _ published long ago.The United Stated _ a developed country.The Times _ once a week.(appear)第13页/共16页5有些集合名词如family,group,team,crowd,audience,class,crew，club，government，nation,public，enemy，company，committee,po
16、pulation 等作主语时，若作为一个整体，谓语用单数，若考虑其成员，谓语用复数。My family _ a happy one.My family _ having breakfast then.Our football team _ founded last term.Our football team _ having a rest under a big tree.第14页/共16页III就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，eitheror,neithernot,not onlybut also,not but,there be等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如：Either your students or Mr.Wang knows this.第15页/共16页感谢您的观看！第16页/共16页