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1、1.attack v.袭击袭击；攻；攻击击；(疾病疾病)侵侵袭袭 n.攻攻击击；抨；抨击击；病情；病情发发作作(可数名可数名词词)【语语境境领领悟悟】It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it.它很容易它很容易发发怒并会攻怒并会攻击击任何靠近它的人。任何靠近它的人。The baby is in poor health,and it is often attacked with a disease.婴婴儿的身体状况很差，儿的身体状况很差，经经常患病。常患病。The soldiers made a strong a
2、ttack on the enemy.战战士士们们向向敌敌人人发发起猛烈起猛烈进进攻。攻。A deputy died of a heart attack during the meeting.大会期大会期间间一名代表因心一名代表因心脏脏病去世。病去世。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】attack sb.with sth.用某物攻用某物攻击击某人某人be attacked with a disease 患病患病make an attack on 攻攻击击under attack 受到攻受到攻击击a heart attack 心心脏脏病突病突发发【即学活用即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。她开始用一她开始用一块块
3、木木头头猛打猛打进进屋行窃的小屋行窃的小偷偷。She started _ the burglar with a piece of wood.我我们们又一次遭到又一次遭到敌敌人人战战斗机的斗机的袭击袭击。Once again we came _ _ from the enemys fighter planes.attackingunder attackIf you were _ in the street,would you be able to defend yourself?A.destroyed B.attackedC.advised D.killed【解解析析】选选B。考考查查动动词词词
4、词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：如如果果你你在在街街上上遭遭遇遇袭袭击击的的话话，你你能能够够保保护护自自己己吗吗？attack“进进攻攻，攻攻击击”，与与题题意意相相符符。destroy“毁毁掉掉”；advise“建建议议”；kill“杀杀死死”，均均不不符合后面的语境。符合后面的语境。2frightening adj.吓人的；令人恐惧的Last night I heard a frightening sound.昨晚我听到了可怕的声音。知识拓展1)frightened adj.(人)感到害怕的；恐惧的The little girl was frightened by the big dog.那个
5、小女子被这条大狗吓坏了。I am frightened of snakes.我害怕蛇。2)frighten vt.使恐惧；使害怕The dog frightened the cat away.那只狗把那只猫吓跑了。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】(1)frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的受惊的；害怕的(常指人常指人 内心的感受内心的感受)be frightened at 对对感到恐惧感到恐惧/害怕害怕be frightened of(doing)sth.害怕害怕(做做)某事某事be frightened to death 被吓得要死被吓得要死(2)frighten v.(使使)惊恐惊恐fright
6、en sb.into doing sth.吓吓唬唬某人做某事某人做某事frighten sb.out of doing sth.吓得某人不敢做某事吓得某人不敢做某事【想一想想一想】类类似用法的似用法的词还词还有哪些？有哪些？举举出至少四个例子。出至少四个例子。【参考答案参考答案】surprised/surprising;excited/exciting;interested/interesting;puzzled/puzzling;disappointed/disappointing;tired/tiring3.exist vi.存在；在逆境中生活存在；在逆境中生活【语语境境领领悟悟】Some
7、 people in some poor countries receive wages that allow them to exist but not to live.有些有些贫贫困国家的人民的收入只能勉困国家的人民的收入只能勉强强维维持生持生计计。Uncertainty and confusion began to exist in the company.不确定性和混乱在公司里开始不确定性和混乱在公司里开始产产生。生。It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.他他们们要靠要靠这这一点收入生活是不可能的。一点收入
8、生活是不可能的。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】exist in 存在于存在于exist on 靠靠生存生存existence n.存在；存在；生存生存come into existence 出出现现；产产生生When did the world come into existence?世界是什么世界是什么时时候候产产生的生的?【即学活用即学活用】同同义词义词替替换换。I can hardly exist on the wage Im getting._When did the earth come into existence?_There is nothing _(存在的存在的)that is unc
9、hanging.live oncome into beingexistingThe director of a local tourist office,Meng Fanying,said the monster,which seemed to be black in colour,was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.据据当当地地的的旅旅游游办办公公室室主主任任孟孟凡凡迎迎介介绍绍，最最近近有有人人看看见见怪怪兽兽就就在离湖在离湖边边十米的地方，怪物的十米的地方，怪物的颜颜色似乎是黑色
10、的。色似乎是黑色的。【句式分析句式分析】(2)seem用法一用法一览览表。表。(to be)+形容形容词词/名名词词 好像好像，似乎，似乎seem to do sth.好像要做，似乎要做某事好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名名词词 像像，似乎是，似乎是It seems(to sb.)that.(在某人看来在某人看来)好像好像，仿佛仿佛It seems as if(as though).看看样样子似乎是子似乎是There seems to be.似乎有似乎有The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain.绿绿叶在雨后叶在雨后显显得更美
11、了。得更美了。He seems to know everything.=It seems that he knows everything.他似乎什么都知道。他似乎什么都知道。It seems like years since we last met.我我们们似乎好几年不似乎好几年不见见了。了。It seems(that)he is lying.=He seems to be lying.看看样样子他好像在撒子他好像在撒谎谎。【即学活用即学活用】The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.A.to go B.to hav
12、e goneC.going D.having gone【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词中中的的不不定定式式。句句意意：发发动动机机发发动动不不起起来来了了，似似乎乎出出问问题题了了。seem之之后后常常接接不不定定式式，表表示示“似似乎乎怎怎么么样样了了”，不不接接doing；其其次次，出出问问题题是是发发生生在在seem之之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。前，所以要用不定式的完成式。辨析：seem,appear与lookseem暗示判断有一定根据，比较接近事实。appear强调外表给人的印象，但事实不一定如此。look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that从句，但可用于I
13、t looks as if.结构中。即学即用He seems_the truth.Otherwise,he would not be so angry.Ato have known BknowCknowing Dto be knowing答案：A He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看他声称看见见一个黑黑的、一个黑黑的、圆圆圆圆的的动动物在水中快速游物在水中快速游动动。【句式分析句式分析】句句中中的的to have seen是是不不定定式式的的完完成成式式,表表示示该
14、该动动作作在在句句中中谓语动词谓语动词claim前已前已经发经发生并完成。生并完成。A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.大部分人似乎喜大部分人似乎喜欢欢看看电视电视而不喜而不喜欢欢听收音机。听收音机。Youd better tell your father the truth.He seemed to have known the matter.你最好告你最好告诉诉你父你父亲亲事情的真相。他好像知道事情的真相。他好像知道这这件事了。件事了。My brain doesnt seem to be working well toda
15、y.我的我的脑脑筋今天好像不太灵活。筋今天好像不太灵活。【易混辨析易混辨析】不定式通常有一般式、不定式通常有一般式、进进行式、完成式三种形式行式、完成式三种形式:to+动词动词原形原形表表示示与与谓谓语语的的动动作作同同时时发发生生或或发发生生在在谓谓语语动动作之后作之后to be doing表表示示与与谓谓语语的的动动作作在在同同一一时时间间发发生生,并并且且正正在在进进行的行的动动作作to have done表示表示该动该动作作发发生在生在谓语谓语的的动动作之前作之前【即学活用即学活用】用所用所给动词给动词的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。In the e-mail,I wrote,“I e
16、xpect _ you,my old friend.”(see)He seemed _ a novel when I came into the classroom.(read)Bob isnt performing.He is said _ the stage,as he has become an officer.(leave)to seeto be readingto have left4.claim vt.声称；声称；(根据根据权权利利)要求；要求；认领认领 vi.要求；声称要求；声称 n.(根据根据权权利而提出的利而提出的)要求；索要求；索赔赔；主；主张张；断言；断言【语语境境领领悟
17、悟】Xue Junlin,a local photographer,claimed that its head looked like a horse.薛薛军军林林,一位当地的一位当地的摄摄影影师师,声称那个怪声称那个怪兽兽的的头头看起来像看起来像马马。She claimed to have ever been met by the president.She claimed that she had ever been met by the president.她宣称曾被她宣称曾被总统总统接接见过见过。It is claimed that soap powders pollute the w
18、ater we drink.据据说说肥皂粉肥皂粉污污染我染我们们的的饮饮用水。用水。They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance.他他们们在行李被在行李被偷偷后向保后向保险险公司提出索公司提出索赔赔要求。要求。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】5calm adj.平静的；平静的；镇镇静的静的 v.(使使)平静；平静；(使使)镇镇定定【语语境境领领悟悟】You should keep calm even in the face of danger.即使面即使面临临危危险险,你也你也应应当保持当保持镇镇静。静。Her attempts t
19、o calm them down only made matters worse.她她设设法使他法使他们们平静下来平静下来,不料却适得其反。不料却适得其反。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】keep calm 保持保持镇镇静静calm down 平静下来平静下来;镇镇静下来静下来【易混辨析易混辨析】calm主主要要指指气气候候、海海洋洋等等风风平平浪浪静静的的；也可指人也可指人“安静的，安静的，镇镇静的静的”keep calm保保持持镇镇静；不慌静；不慌张张quiet指指没没有有吵吵闹闹、嘈嘈杂杂的的声声音音，也也可可指指人性格安静人性格安静keep quiet保保持持安静安静still指指保保持持某某种种
20、姿姿势势一一动动不不动动，也也可可以以指指环环境的安静境的安静keep still保保 持持静止静止silent强强调调“没有声音或默不作声没有声音或默不作声”keep silent保保持持沉默沉默【即学活用即学活用】用用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。填空。When facing danger,we should keep _;when taken photos,we should keep _;when someone else is asleep,we should keep _;but in class,we shouldnt keep _ about the te
21、achers questions.我我们们面面对对危危险时应险时应保持保持镇镇静；照相静；照相时时要保持不要保持不动动；当其他人；当其他人睡睡觉时应觉时应保持安静；但是在保持安静；但是在课课堂上，堂上，对对老老师师的的问题问题不不应应保持保持沉默。沉默。calmstillquietsilent6.sceptical adj.怀怀疑的；不相信的疑的；不相信的【语语境境领领悟悟】Scientists,however,are sceptical.然而，然而，科学家科学家们对们对此表示此表示怀怀疑。疑。Netizens were rather sceptical about/of that girls
22、 sympathy for the poor.那个女孩声称同情那个女孩声称同情穷穷人人,网友网友对对此有些此有些怀怀疑。疑。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】be sceptical about/of sth.怀怀疑某事疑某事sceptic n.C持持怀怀疑疑态态度的人；度的人；怀怀疑疑论论者者7.cover vt.占地多大占地多大(面面积积)【语语境境领领悟悟】It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.它大它大约约有有2 189米高，占地米高，占地约约10平方千米。平方千米。She covered h
23、er face with her hands.她双手掩面。她双手掩面。Ill send our best reporters to cover the 2016 Olympic Games.我要派我我要派我们们最最优优秀的秀的记记者去采者去采访访2016年奥运会。年奥运会。We covered about 30 miles a day.我我们们每天大每天大约约走三十英里。走三十英里。【归纳归纳拓展拓展】【即学活用即学活用】Do you have enough money to _ all your daily expenses?Oh yes,enough and to spare.A.cove
24、r B.spend C.fill D.offer【解解析析】选选A。问问句句句句意意：你你有有足足够够的的钱钱来来支支付付你你所所有有的的日日常常开开销销吗吗？cover“支支付付”，符符合合句句意意。spend“花花费费”；fill“填填充充”；offer“给予给予”。12.The director of a local tourist office,Meng Fanying,said the monster,which seemed to be black in colour,was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most
25、recent sighting.据据当当地地的的旅旅游游办办公公室室主主任任孟孟凡凡迎迎介介绍绍，最最近近有有人人看看见见怪怪兽兽就就在离湖在离湖边边十米的地方，怪物的十米的地方，怪物的颜颜色似乎是黑色的。色似乎是黑色的。【句式分析句式分析】(2)seem用法一用法一览览表。表。(to be)+形容形容词词/名名词词 好像好像，似乎，似乎seem to do sth.好像要做，似乎要做某事好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名名词词 像像，似乎是，似乎是It seems(to sb.)that.(在某人看来在某人看来)好像好像，仿佛仿佛It seems as if(as though).看看样样
26、子似乎是子似乎是There seems to be.似乎有似乎有The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain.绿绿叶在雨后叶在雨后显显得更美了。得更美了。He seems to know everything.=It seems that he knows everything.他似乎什么都知道。他似乎什么都知道。It seems like years since we last met.我我们们似乎好几年不似乎好几年不见见了。了。It seems(that)he is lying.=He seems to be lying.看看样
27、样子他好像在撒子他好像在撒谎谎。【即学活用即学活用】The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.A.to go B.to have goneC.going D.having gone【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词中中的的不不定定式式。句句意意：发发动动机机发发动动不不起起来来了了，似似乎乎出出问问题题了了。seem之之后后常常接接不不定定式式，表表示示“似似乎乎怎怎么么样样了了”，不不接接doing；其其次次，出出问问题题是是发发生生在在seem之之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。前，所以要用不定式的完成式。