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1、Unit Four：A Time for ApologiesParagraphOnenapologynapologizetosbforsthnapologetica.nthroughouthistory/theworld/thecountrynfeelcomfortable/easyaboutsth/doingsthnseeas(参见参见UnitThree)nasignofweaknessnAdmissionnStudents apply for admission to a particular college.nadmit承认、接受承认、接受nThey finally admitted h
2、im into the group.that/sth/to doing,admission officenTo admit a new employee.nHe was admitted into the university last year.ParagraphOnenliable:likely可能的，有责任的可能的，有责任的nSbbeliabletodo:nSbbelikely/prone/inclinedtodo;sbtendtodonliabilitynHe is claiming damages from London Underground,which has admitted
3、liability but disputes the amount of his claim.ParagraphTwonhistoric历史的历史的historical具有历史意义的具有历史意义的ParagraphTwonsophisticated:老练的老练的复杂的复杂的;精致的精致的;nadvancedorcomplex精密的、复杂的精密的、复杂的nasophisticatedmachine,device,ormethodnHoneybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.n=re
4、fined圆滑的、世故的圆滑的、世故的Someonewhoissophisticatediscomfortableinsocialsituationsandknowsaboutculture,fashion,andothermattersthatareconsideredsociallyimportant.nAsophisticatedpersonisintelligentandknowsalot,sothattheyareabletounderstandcomplicatedsituations.nThese people are very sophisticated observers o
5、f the foreign policy scene.ntheideathat同位语从句同位语从句nincreasingly：nmoreandmorendefend:n辩护辩护defendantlawyerdefenseParagraphThreentrend:seeunitTwontendency趋势趋向趋势趋向nin1995,whentheQueenn由由when引导的定语从句引导的定语从句ParagraphThreeninearnest郑重地，正式、严肃郑重地，正式、严肃nearnestn1.seriouslynCampaigning will begin in earnest tomo
6、rrow.n2Earnestpeopleareveryseriousandsincereinwhattheysayordo,becausetheythinkthattheiractionsandbeliefsareimportant.nElla was a pious,earnest woman.nSbbeinearnest,besincere.nNo one could tell whether he was in earnest or in jest.nalone表语或后置定语仅仅表语或后置定语仅仅napologizetosbforsthnfailsth,todosth:beunablet
7、odosthnHe failed to turn up as scheduled,which aroused much suspicion.nfailuretodosth His failure to turn up as scheduled aroused much suspicion.npredecessor前任前任nsuccessor继任继任succeed成功、接替、继承成功、接替、继承nsuccess,successionasuccessionof一连串的一连串的ParagraphFournmorethan不仅仅不仅仅nHe is more than a friend to me:he
8、 is my brother.nMoreAthanBnIfyousaythatsomethingismoreonethingthananother,youmeanthatitislikethefirstthingratherthanthesecond.nHes more like a film star than a life-guard,really.nShes more of a social animal than me.nNotmorethannYouusenomorethanornotmorethanwhenyouwanttoemphasizehowsmallanumberoramo
9、untis.nHe was a kid really,not more than eighteen or nineteen.ParagraphFournnothingmorethannyouareemphasizingthattheyareonlythatthing,andnothingmoreinterestingorimportant.nThe newly discovered notes are nothing more than Langs personal journal.nNoneotherthan:不是他人正是不是他人正是nThe newly appointed presiden
10、t was none other than our professor.ParagraphFournVictornprofit获利，牟利获利，牟利(fromsth,doingsth)nbenefitfrom从中受益从中受益nturnablindeyeto熟视无睹熟视无睹nturnadeafearto置若罔闻置若罔闻ParagraphFivenintheevent:asitturnsout,nre-create再造再造recreationndesiretodonMydesirenottoresumesmokingnamid:among,inthemiddleofncallforsth要求、需要要
11、求、需要tobedoneItcallsforpatiencetodothisjobwell.ncallin,拜访访问（大）拜访访问（大）ncallat拜访访问（小）拜访访问（小）ncallon拜访访问（人）号召拜访访问（人）号召callonsbtodosth号召某人做某事号召某人做某事ncallup打电话打电话ncalloff取消取消ParagraphSixnrenewed再度，重新再度，重新nI came back from my holiday with renewed strength.nCommitnNotably:especially,particularlynPhenomenona
12、ncriterioncriteriabacteriumbacteriannotably,especiallyasrecentlyas,asmuchas,asmanyas：upto,asfaras,Paragraphsevennasenseofresponsibilitynaofhumornasenseofconsciencentime.V.计时、选择时机计时、选择时机nwell-timed时机得当的时机得当的Paragraphsevenndoalotto非常有助于非常有助于nRegularexercisescandoalottoimproveyourhealth.ncaring,conside
13、ratenDetermined:stubborn固执的、坚定的固执的、坚定的nIfyouaredeterminedtodosomething,youhavemadeafirmdecisiontodoitandwillnotletanythingstopyou.nHis enemies are determined to ruin him.nHe made determined efforts to overcome the scandal.Paragraph9nhelp(sb)(to)donThis drug helps relieve pain.nParty当事人，一方当事人，一方nBirt
14、hdayparty:get-together;reunionnBeinvolvedinthescandalParagraph10nAout-weighB:nAweighsmorethanBAismoreimportant/biggerthanBnweighvt.vi.nPleaseweighthoseapplesandseehowmuchtheyweigh.nYoursafetyweighsthemostinmymind.GETTING INFORMATIONnOMITTEDVOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE:Apensation10.investigation11.phenom
15、enon12.disasterVOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE:C1.resulted from2.turned into3.turned out to be4.in earnest5.belong to6.turn a blind eye to7.look on as8.carried out9.find to my cost10.in the eventIV.Translation B(Page 58)nToturnablindeyetothesufferingsofwar.nThe50thanniversarycelebrationnMakeanofficialapolo
16、gytosb.forsth.nApologizeopenlytosbforsthnAwell-timedapologynTopromotethepublicimageofaheadofstatetopromoteaheadofstatespublicimage.nTosettlepublicrelationscrisisnToapologizeforpastwrongsnRecentlydeclassifieddocumentsnToadmitonespastwrongs/mistakes/errorsnTomake/paycompensationofwarn4.Politicalleader
17、swhoturnablindeyetopeoplessufferingswill not be popular with them/willnotgainsupportfromthem.n5.Thebraveyoungmantooktheriskofhislifeinsavingthekidfromthelake语法翻译语法翻译1.Ittakesatleast10peopletocomplete/finishthejob.2.Ouraim/purpose/target/objective/goalistopassEnglishtest.3.Shestillhasalotofhomeworkto
18、do,soshecannotaccompanyyoutotheball/dance.4.(Inorder)Torealize/achievetheobjective/goal,wemustworkhard.5.Itoldhimtocleantheroom.6.Itisverynecessaryforthemtoenlargetheirvocabulary.7.Theyvolunteeredtoworkinthefactory.8.Histaskistolookafterpatients.9.Wemuststartoffrightnow/atonce/immediately,soasto/ino
19、rdertogetthereat5.10.Weneedtwopeopletotypekeyinthearticle.TextBnBoom:v.n1.Tomakeadeep,resonantsound.发出隆隆发出隆隆声：发出低沉而有回响的声音声：发出低沉而有回响的声音n2.Togrowordeveloprapidly;flourish:快速快速发展：迅速成长或发展：暴涨：发展：迅速成长或发展：暴涨：nBusiness is booming.生意兴旺生意兴旺nn.（名词）（名词）n1.Adeepresonantsound,asofanexplosion.2.Atimeofeconomicpros
20、perity.n繁荣：一段时间的经济繁荣繁荣：一段时间的经济繁荣Asuddenincrease,asinpopularity.激增，如人口激增，如人口激增激增nbabyboomerTextBntriumph:nTobevictoriousorsuccessful;win.nSignal:n.nAnindicator,suchasagestureorcoloredlight,thatservesasameansofcommunicationnv.Tomakeasignalto:向向发信号：发信号：I signaled the driver to proceed.我打信号让我打信号让那个司机通过那
21、个司机通过nTorelateormakeknownbysignals:用信用信号讲述或表明：号讲述或表明：They have signaled their willingness to negotiate.他们已经表示他们他们已经表示他们愿意谈判愿意谈判nShiftfromto:nThecenterofinterestinEuropehasedfromViennatoBerlin.ntheblame/responsibilityonto/ontheday/night/make勉强勉强凑和凑和Hemadeon$5aweek.nHabitual:nOfthenatureofahabit:lying
22、.习惯性撒谎习惯性撒谎nEstablishedbylonguse;usual:惯常的：由长惯常的：由长久使用而确立的；通常的：久使用而确立的；通常的：myhabitualplace.nDiscord:nLackofagreementamongpersons,groups,orthings.不协调不协调;nAconfusedorharshsoundorminglingofsounds.噪音：混杂、刺耳的声音，或多种声噪音：混杂、刺耳的声音，或多种声音的混合音的混合nMajorinnPursue：n1.Tofollowinanefforttoovertakeorcapture;chase:a fo
23、x that was pursued by hounds.被猎狗追捕的狐狸被猎狗追捕的狐狸n2.Tostrivetogainoraccomplish:努力去获努力去获得或完成：得或完成：loftypoliticalgoals.追求崇高的追求崇高的政治目标政治目标n3.Tocarryfurther;advance:继续执行；前继续执行；前进：进：Letsnotpursuethisargument.让我们让我们别再继续这个争论了别再继续这个争论了n4.Tobeengagedin(avocationorhobby,forexample).从事（例如，一种职业或爱好）从事（例如，一种职业或爱好）n5.
24、Tocourt:献殷勤，追求：献殷勤，追求：aladywhowaspursuedbymanysuitors.被许多求婚者追求被许多求婚者追求的女士的女士nMature:n1.Havingreachedfullnaturalgrowthordevelopment:成熟的：成熟的：acell.n2.Of,relatingto,orcharacteristicoffulldevelopment,eithermentalorphysical:明理明理的，稳重的：心理或身体上发育成熟的：的，稳重的：心理或身体上发育成熟的：forherage.对她这个年龄算是稳重的对她这个年龄算是稳重的n3.Suitab
25、leorintendedforadults:适合成年适合成年人的；成年人的：人的；成年人的：subjectmatter.成年人成年人考虑的问题考虑的问题n4.Composedofadults:成年人组成的：成年人组成的：aaudience.全部是成年人的观众全部是成年人的观众n5.Workedoutfullybythemind;considered:深思熟虑的；考虑周到的：深思熟虑的；考虑周到的：amatureplanofaction.经过深思熟虑的行动计划经过深思熟虑的行动计划nv.Toevolvetowardorreachfulldevelopment:变成熟，长成：变成熟，长成：Thec
26、hildsjudgmentmaturesasshegrowsolder.这孩子的判断力随着她年龄这孩子的判断力随着她年龄的增长而变得成熟的增长而变得成熟nBevulnerableto:n1.Susceptibletophysicalinjury,attack:身体身体易受伤害的易受伤害的,易受攻击的：易受攻击的：nOpentocensureorcriticism;易受批评的易受批评的,易易责难的责难的;nLiabletosuccumb,astopersuasionortemptation.易诱惑的，易受影响的易诱惑的，易受影响的nControversynThereisstillmuchcont
27、roversyaboutglobalizationthroughouttheworld.nHeisacontroversialfigureinhistory.nBrandsbasnLiberal:libertynCampaign:n1.Aseriesofmilitaryoperationsundertakentoachievealarge-scaleobjectiveduringawar:战役战役n2.Anoperationorseriesofoperationsenergeticallypursuedtoaccomplishapurpose:运动计划：以期达到某一目的而采运动计划：以期达到某
28、一目的而采取的一项或一系列积极有力的措施：取的一项或一系列积极有力的措施：n3.anadvertisingforanewproduct;acandidatespolitical.一项旨在推出新产品一项旨在推出新产品的广告计划；一项候选人的政治计划的广告计划；一项候选人的政治计划nConfirmation:nofconfirm:nWe are waiting for of the news.I think I can come next Tuesday,but Ill send you a by post.nStage:hold;stageaneventorceremony:organizeit
29、andusuallytakepartinit.nRussian workers have staged a number of strikes in protest at the republics declaration of independence.an art show,a football matchnStageacomeback/return:becomeactiveagain:to public lifenStimulus:Somethingcausingorregardedascausingaresponse.刺激因素刺激因素Light is a to growth in pl
30、ant.The promise of bonus was a to the workers.Reduced tariffs were a to foreign trade.nStimulant:兴奋剂兴奋剂Tea is a that keeps me awake all night.Athletes are forbidden to take s before a race.nSino-Japan,nDefeat:-ablenExpirationDate:nReachagreementn在管理学当中把人分为四类：在管理学当中把人分为四类：theG.I.Generation,BabyBoomer
31、,GenerationXandGenerationYn“GenerationX”指指20世纪世纪60年代到年代到70年代初出年代初出生的美国人，而这批人身上有着不同程度的不生的美国人，而这批人身上有着不同程度的不负责任、冷漠和物质主义等特点。这个词是在负责任、冷漠和物质主义等特点。这个词是在加拿大作家道格拉斯加拿大作家道格拉斯-库普朗库普朗1991年出版的名年出版的名为为X一代的书中出现之后流行起来的。一代的书中出现之后流行起来的。nGenerationY“Y代人代人”为为19791995（或（或1980年以后）出生的人。又据年以后）出生的人。又据“X代人的父母代人的父母是生育高峰前或早期出生
32、的人，这就是说要比是生育高峰前或早期出生的人，这就是说要比真正在生育高峰期出生的人（这些人是真正在生育高峰期出生的人（这些人是Y代人代人的父母）更略为倾向于守旧和保守的父母）更略为倾向于守旧和保守”（英语（英语文摘文摘2003年第年第4期，期，P8）及）及“So，forwantofabetterlabel，GenerationYwasasimple，unimaginativeextensionofX”（21stCenturyMay29，2003）得知，）得知，“Y代人代人”为为“X代人代人”的子女，按的子女，按“XY”字母顺字母顺序，现为序，现为25岁以下（岁以下（1980年后出生）的人便为：
33、年后出生）的人便为：“Y代代”或或“Y代人代人”了。了。n从上述的介绍，可知从上述的介绍，可知”X代人的父母是生育高代人的父母是生育高峰前或早期出生的人，这就是说要比真正在生峰前或早期出生的人，这就是说要比真正在生育高峰期出生的人育高峰期出生的人”。babyboomer:在婴儿在婴儿潮时期出生的人。婴儿潮是指潮时期出生的人。婴儿潮是指1947年到年到1961年年,二次世界大战后美国的出生率突然大幅度增长。二次世界大战后美国的出生率突然大幅度增长。n由此引出由此引出G.Igeneration：就是二战时期（之前）：就是二战时期（之前）出生的。由于拿政府出生的。由于拿政府GovernmentIssue，所以，所以当时把美国大兵成为当时把美国大兵成为G.I.因此因此G.I.generation就就指大致于指大致于1930-1945时期出生的人。时期出生的人。nbabyboom(美国美国45年年-64年婴儿潮年婴儿潮)